S'Atv)

So UNO /93B

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

LIBRARY

OF THE
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

SEP 1 1925

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME IV

Palaeozoic Crustacea

Part I— A Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea.

Part II— A List of the Genera and Subgenera of the
Trilobita.

Part III— A Summary of the Ordovician Genus
Cybele Loven.

BY

ANTHONY WAYNE VOGDES

SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA

Printed for the Society

June 22, 1925

SEP 1 1925

■dlf).

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME IV

Palaeozoic Crustacea

Part I— A Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea.

Part II— A List of the Genera and Subgenera of the
Trilobita.

Part III— A Summary of the Ordovician Genus
Cybele Loven.

BY

ANTHONY WAYNE VOGDES

i^m

-.iV /

SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA

Printed for the Society

June 22, 1925

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 3

Part I — Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea. 5

Part II — List of the Genera and Subgenera of the Trilobita 89

Part III — Summary of the Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven —

(a) Chronological Bibliography 117

(b) General Characterization of Genera and Species 122

(c) Distribution and Classification of Species 124

(d) Diagnosis of Species 127

Plate I ^ 155

Plate II 157

X

^\

1

\

INTRODUCTION

This series of papers is issued by the San Diego Society of Natural
History, San Diego, CaHfornia, to the Presidency of which, for a period
of over fifteen years, its author, the late General Anthony Wayne Vogdes.
was elected from year to year until he was allowed to retire at his own re-
quest. The principal part is the continuation of a series of bibliographies
of Palaeozoic Crustacea which the General has been publishing since 1890.
He was in the midst of the preparation of this work at the time of his
death in his eightieth year. He died February 8, 1923, after an illness of
only two days.

General Vogdes was born in West Point, New York, April 23, 1843.
He volunteered as a drummer boy almost at the beginning of the Civil
War, gained a second lieutenancy before he was twenty and finished a
brevet major "For gallantry and meritorious services during the war."
After the War he decided to follow the lead of his father, a general in the
Regular Army, and of his great uncle, "Mad" Anthony Wayne of Revo-
lutionary fame, and entered the Army with an officer's commission. He
served with distinction and to the satisfaction of his superiors until he
was retired a brigadier general on reaching the age limit. It is of record
that he carried two books with him through the Civil War, a Bible which
his mother had given him and a general work on Geology. It is not now
known whether his taste for things geological came from the study of
this book or whether the book was secured on account of a taste already
acquired, but from that time to the day of his death he was an indefatigable
worker along palaeontological lines. Doing his full duty in his chosen
profession, he yet found time to make himself an authority on Palaeozoic
Crustacea, particularly Trilobites, and to publish a long series of papers
on this subject.

Besides this he managed to gather together a library of Geology and
Palaeontology, especially of Palaeozoic Crustacea, of over 40.000 titles, as
well as a very valuable general library. This includes many full sets of
proceedings of scientific societies and many invaluable old editions of
scientific works. He once stated at a meeting of the San Diego Society
of Natural History that he believed he had everything which had ever
been published on the geology of California. Nearly a year's work in this
library has convinced the writer that he must have had almost everything
which has ever been ])ublished on Palaeozoic Crustacea. Fortunately, this
library has not been dispersed, but through the generosity of his niece and
residuary legatee, Mrs. Stewart Kendall, has been donated to the scientists
and public of San Diego for perpetual use. It is deposited in the San
Diego Scientific Library, Balboa Park, San Diego.

The library is accompanied by an author and subject catalog of about
40,000 cards, all prepared by the General. He also left an exhaustive

catalog of Palaeozoic Crustacea with very full references to all the liter-
ature on this subject, an estimate of which runs to about 60,000 cards.
Besides the bibliographical references, a large portion of the cards carry
photographs, mostly from published plates, showing a considerable share
of the Crustacea of which they treat. A smaller proportion carry camera
lucida drawings from actual specimens or from published plates. In order
to do this work the General made himself proficient in photography, just
as he made himself an artist in bookbinding in order to give the best of
care to the books and pamphlets which he loved with all the ardor of a
true bibliophile. He finished binding a set of books two days before
his death.

The suddenness and unexpectedness of his death accounts for the fact
that the manuscript of the papers here printed was in an unfinished state,
needing a very large amount of rearranging, a small amount of cutting
down and some correction. No one seemed available who could spare the
time without compensation, for which there was no provision, and who
possessed the necessary knowledge of the subject to do this work as it
should have been done. Therefore, at the solicitation of his associates in
the Directorate of the San Diego Society of Natural History, the writer
consented to undertake the work, although he had no direct knowledge
of the subject except such as he has been able to acquire by studying the
manuscript and the remarkable library left by General Vogdes. He
wishes to acknowledge much splendid advice and some direct help re-
ceived from Dr. Charles E. Resser of the National Museum in Washing-
ton, but desires to accept full responsibility for such errors as must neces-
sarily be evident to specialists who are familiar with the subjects of which
the publication treats.

Fred Baker.
Point Loma, California,

July 25, 1924.

PART I.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PALAEOZOIC CRUSTACEA, SUPPLE-
MENTING THE AUTHOR'S PREVIOUS PAPERS
ON THE SAME SUBJECT*

(Arranged Alphabetically by Authors)

Agnus, . Palacoblatfina douvillei, consideree d'abord comme un

Insect, est une Pointe genale de Trilobite. — Comptes-rendus, Acad.
Sci., Paris, Vol. 138, 1904, pp. 398-399.

AssELBERGS. E. Description d'une Fauna Frasnieni Inferieure du Bord
Nord du Bassin de Namur. — Bull. Soc. Beige Geol. Brux., Vol. 26.
1912, Memoires, pp. 1-47, plates 1-6.

Bronietis flabcllifer Goldf.

Cryphaeus punctatus Stein.

Dechenella verticalis.

Description des Fossiles decouverts par M. J. Duvigneaud aux

Environs de Neufchateau. — Bull. Soc. Beige Geol. Brux., Vol. 26,
1913, Memoires, pp. 189-215, figs., pi. 8.

Homalonotus sp^

Cryphaeus drevermanni Richter.

This is the Cryphaeus laciniatus Drevermann, Palaeontogr., pi. 49, p. 74,
1902, which Richter referred to a new species. The generic name Cryphaeus
Green, 1837, was pre-occupied in Coleoptera in 1833 and Corda's generic name
Asteropyge should take its place.

Le Devonien Inferieur du Bassin de I'Eifel et de I'Anticlinal

de Givonne dans la region Sud-Est de I'Ardenne, Beige. — Memoires

Inst. Geol. Univ. Catholique de Louvain, Tom. 1, Mem. 1, 1913.

Arthropoda, p. 121.

Homalonotus planus Sandb., S.ud du Bassin de Dinant; H. ornatus Koch,
Sud de Martelange; H. cf. multicostaius Koch, Ardoisies de Warmifontaine.

Phacops ferdinandi Kayser, characteristique des Hundsriickschiefer sur le
Rhin.

Dalmania (Odontochile) cf. spinifera Barr., Hundsruckien inferieure de
Martelange.

Cryphaeus drevermanni Richter; C. sp.

Proetus sp.

*l. "A Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea from 1698 to 1889, including
a list of North American species and a systematic arrangement of genera."
U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 63, Washington, D. C, 1890.

2. "A Classed and Annotated Bibliography of the Palaeozoic Crustacea from
1698 to 1892, to which is added a catalogue of North American species."
Occasional Papers IV, California Academj' of Sciences, San Francisco. Calif.,
June, 1893.

3. "Supplement of Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea." Proceedings,
California Academy of Sciences, Vol. V, pp. 53-76, San Francisco, Calif., 1895.

4. "Palaeozoic Crustacea. The publications and notes on the genera and
species during the past twenty years, 1895-1917." Transactions, San Diego
Society of Natural History, Vol.' Ill, No. 1, San Diego, Calif., 1917.

6 San Diego Society of Natural History

Barbour, Erwin H. Eurypterid Beds of Nebraska with Notice of a

New Species. Euryptcrus nehraskcnsis. — Geol. Sur. of Nebraska,

Vol. 4. Part 12. 1914, p. 201, figs. 3 and 4.

Euryptcrits sp., p. 202, fig. 5.

The Eurypterids of Nebraska are small, the average being a little over
40 mm. in length.

Preabdomen slightly inflated and blending gradually into the postabdomen,
giving a vermiform appearance; telson long and slender; scale markings dis-
tinct and very regular in pattern over the tergites.

The new species may be placed in the Eiiryptents stylus Hall group.

Barrois, C. See Gosselet, J. A. A.

Bassler, R. S. Crustacea. — GeoL Sur. of Maryland. Cambrian and Od-

dovician. 1919. pp. 332-373, pi. 24, 26, 27, 32, 33, 47, 48, 51, 52, 55

and 58.

The following species described and illustrated :

Eoharpes oitazvaeiisis Billings

Cryptolitluts bcllulns (Ulrich) ; C. rccnrvns Ulrich, sp. nov. ; C. tesselains
Green.

Anipvx (Lonclwdotmis) nor)iialis (Billings) ; A. (Loiiclwdomus) halU
(Billings).

Dolichometopus sp.

Hystricurus conicus (Billings).

Gonmrus caudatus (Billings).

Triarihrus fisclicri Billings; T. becki Green.

Isotelus stegops Green.

Revived Dr. Green's old name for a species in the Eden shales, compared
with Isotelus ina.x-ii)ius, which it closely resembles. The species has the eye
further forward, smaller spines, and the flattened border, especially of the
pygidium, less distinct.

Isotelus me gist OS Locke.

Bassler remarks that under the name of Isotelus nicgistos and also Isotelus
maximus and /. gigas a number of distinct species, ranging through the Mo-
hawkian and Cincinnatian, have vmdoubtedly been confused, with the result
that these names have little stratigraphic significance.

Formerly the separation of the species was based upon the presence or
absence of the genal spine, but it is now known that each species contains
spinous and aspinous forms, the difference between the two being presumably
that of sex.

The aspinous ( Pfemale) forms of these several species are riuite difficult to
distinguish from each other, but the spinous examples show good characters
of differentiation. Thus in the case of /. maximus and /. megistos, long con-
sidered synonymous, the free cheeks of each are different. In /. megistos the
base of the spine is much wider and it tapers much more rapidly.

The hypostoma furnishes further differences, for in /. megistos it shows
coarser venations, the inner edges of the limb are straighter, and the whole
hypostoma is relatively longer.

Isotelus gigas DeKay; Isotelus sp.

Asaphellus gyracanthus Raymond.

Hemigyraspis collieana Raymond.

Symphysurus convextis (Cleland).

Onchometopus simplex Raymond and Narraway.

Illaeniis americaniis Billings.

Biim.astus trciitonensis Emmons.

Saiikia stosci Walcott.

Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea 7

Proetus latimargwatns Weller.

Cypliasf'is maintiua Ruedemaiin.

Aiiif^liiliclias trentonoisis (Conrad).

Acidaspis ulricJii sp. nov.

Calymcnc granulosa (Foerste) ; C. senaria Conrad.

Ccraiinis plairiwaiitlu'iiiiis Green.

Pliomerops salteri (Billings).

Ptcrygometopus calUccplialus (Hall).

Order Notostraca : Ribciria (?) nuailitiformis Cleland.

Suborder Ostracoda : Isochilina gregaria (Whitfield) ; /. scclyi (Whitfield).

Leperditia fabulites (Conrad).

LeperditcUa tumida (Ulrich).

Aparcliitcs iiiinutissinius (Hall).

Drepanella macro Ulrich.

Macronotella ulriclii Rucdemann.

Ceratopsis chamhcrsi (Miller).-

Ulricliia biz'crtex (Ulrich).

Bytliocypris cylindrica (Hall).

Suborder Cirripedia : Lcpidocolcus jamesi (Hall & Whitfield).

Suborder Malacostraca : Caryocaris silicula sp. nov.

Beuhausen, L. von. Ueber Hypo.stome von Homalonoten. — Jahrbuch
der Konigl. Preuss Geol. Landesanstalt fiir 1891, pp. 154-166, 6
figures in text.

The author holds that the hypostomae of the subgenera of Homalonofus do
not show diflferences of taxonomic value. He illustrates the forked hypostoma
of Homalonofus bohemicits Barr., which resembles very much that of Caly-
mene. The other illustrations of hypostomae are those of H. kiiighti, H.
delphinocephahis, H. dckayi, H. armatus and H. rhenainis.

The species represented are placed by Reed under subgenera as follows :
Homalontns (Echonialonotns) bohemicus, H. (Diplenra) dckayi, H. (Tri-
mcrus) delphinocephahis, H. (Koenigia) knighti, and H. (Digonus) rhenanus.

Beyer. S. Beitrage znr Kenntniss der Fauna des Kalkes von Haina bei

Waldgirnes (Wetzlar). — Verhandl. Nat. fiir Rheinl. & Westfalen,

Vol. 53. Jahrg., 1896, pp. 56-102, 3 plates.

Trilobita : Proetus subplanatiis Maurer, p. 59, pi. 1, figs. 1-5; P. quadratus
Maurer, p. 58, pi. 1, figs. 7-11; P. suborbitatns Hzl., p. 63, pi. 1, fig. 12; P.
crassimargo Rom., p. 63, pi. 1, fig. 14.

Tropidocoryphe novaki sp. nov., p. 65, pi. 1, figs. \6-22.

Cyphaspis hainensis sp. nov., var. nov., p. 66, pi. 1, figs. 23-25.

Acidaspiss radiata Goldf., p. 66, pi. 1, fig. 28.

Lichas granulosus (?) Roem., p. 67, pi. 1, fig. 27.

Brontcns granulaftis (?) Goldf., p. 67, pi. 2, fig. 29.

Cheinirus sternbergi (?) Roem., p. 68, pi. 2, fig. 30.

BjORLYKKE, K. O. Norges Geologiske Unders0gelse Geologisk Kart.
Losna. Chri.stiania, Bd. 31, 1885.

Born. Axel. Synonymenliste vergl. Calymenc arago Rouault. — Abhandl.
der Senckenberg. Xaturf. Ges.. Bd. 36, 1916. p. 351.

Zur organisation der Trilobiten : 1. Das Kopfschild von Chasinops

odini Eichwald. — Senckenbergischen Naturf. Ges., Bd. 1, 1918. pp.
159-171.

Includes 8 text figures of the glabella and hypostoma, compared with those
of Nileus armadillo.

8 San Diego Society of Natural History

Born, Axel. — Continued.

Eine Untersilurfauna aus den Montagnes noires, (Central-
plateau). — Abhandl. der Senckenbergiana, Bd. 3, Heft 6, 1921, pp.
181-193.

Ogygia glahrata Salter.

Trimicleiis primitivus sp. nov., p. 191, fig. in text.

Charakteristisch fiir die Art ist: (1) das Fehlen aller Augen- und Glabellart-
uberkeln; (2) die auffalend starke prafrontale Verschmalerung resp. seitlich
riickwartige, Verbreiterung des Limbus; (3) die regellose Anordnung der
Griibchen an den Limbus; (4) die sehr schmale Glabella, Merkmal 2 und 3
habe ich bei keiner bisher bekannten Art der Gattung feststehen konnen.

Calymene (Synhotnalonotiis) arago Rouault.

Calymene tristani Stufe, (Mittleres Untersilur) bei Almaden,

ihre Fauna, Gliederung und Verbreitung. — Abhandl. der Sencken-
berg. Naturf. Ges., Bd. 36, Heft 3, 1916.

Crustacea :

Beyrichia hussacensis hispanica var. nov., p. 347, pi. 26, fig. 3.

Primitia simplex Jones, p. 347.

Trilobita :

Placoparia toiirneminei Rouault, p. 347, pi. 27, fig. 7, a, b.

Calymene tristani Brong., p. 348, pi. 26, figs. 4, a-e ; C. arago Rouault, p. 351 ;
C. (Pharostoma) pulchra Barr., p. 351.

Homalonotus hrongniarti Desl., p. 351.

Cheiruriis claviger marianus Vern. & Barr., emend. A. Born, p. 351, pi. 23,
fig. 4.

Dalmanites socialis proaeva Emm., p. 352; D. phillipsi Barr., p. 352; D.
macro phthalmiis Brong., p. 352, pi. 26, figs. 5, a-c.

Asaphus contractus Vern. & Barr., p. 353; A. nohilis Barr., p. 353; A.
nohilis caudiculatus var. nov., p. 354, pi. 27, figs. 2, a-c; Asaphtis sp., p. 354.

Ogygia glahrata Salter, p. 354.

Illacnus giganteus Burmeister, p. 355, pi. 27, figs. 3, a, b.

Illanenns beaumonti Rouault, p. 356, pi. 27, figs. 4, a-c; /. piicr Barr., p. 356.

Lichas sp., p. 357, pi. 27, fig. 6.

BoRNEMANN, J. G. Palaeontologisches aus dem Cambrischen Gebiete vom
Canalgrande in Sardinien. — Zeitschr. der Deutschen Geol., Jahrgang
1883, pp. 270-274.
Notes on Olenelliis zoppii, Conocoryphe and Illaenus mencghinii.

Brown, H. Y. L. Report on Arltunga Gold Field and Hart's Range Mica
Field and Explorations North-east of Hart's Range, North-v^^est of
Alice Springs and of the Frew River Country, &c. Appendix by R.
Etheridge, Jr. — Contributions to the Palaeontology of South Aus-
tralia, pp. 1-16, 2 plates and 3 geological sketch route maps, Folio,
1897.

Olenellus sp. nov.

The author illustrates a cephalon which bears no relation to any other
Australian trilobite and departs from the structure of a large number of
American species, such as Olenellus tliompsoin and Mesonacis gilberti, in the
continuation of the ocular lobes to the lateral cephalic borders. In this it
agrees with some Swedish forms, such as Holmia kjeridfi, and also resembles
the genus Protolenus, but not in any other character.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 9

Brownocker, J. A., See Stauffer, Clinton R.

BuRHENNE, H. Beitriige zur Kenntniss der Fauna der Tentaculiten-

schiefer im Lahngebiet mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Schiefer

von Leun unweit Braunfels. — Abhandl. der Koniglich Preuss. Geol.

Landesanstalt, N. F., Heft 29, 1899.

Trilobita:

Proetiis granulosus Goldf., p. 11, pi. 1, figs. 3-6; P. cuvieri Stein, p. 13,
figs. 1, 2; P. holzapfeli Novak, p. 14, pi. 1, figs. 9-10; P. loveni Barr,., p. 15,
pi. 1, figs. 7, 8.

Cvphaspis hvdrocephala Roemer, p. 16, pi. 1, figs. 11-14; C. convexa
Corda (?), p. "l8, pi. 2, fig. 1.

Acidaspis pigra Barr., p. 18, pi. 2, figs. 7-9.

Bronteus dormitzeri Barr., p. 19, pi. 2, figs. 4, 5; B. scaber Goldf., p. 19,
pi. 2, fig. 6.

Phacops fccundus Barr., p. 20; P. fecundus major Barr., p. 20, pi. 2, figs.
11-13; p. 3, fig. 1 ; P. fecundus degener Barr., p. 21, pi. 3, figs. 2-4; P. brcviceps
Barr., p. 22, pi. 3, figs. 6-7; P. holzapfeli sp. nov., p. 22, pi. 3, fig. 5.

Cyphaspis sp., p. 23, pi. 2, fig. 3.

Cryphaeus or Dalmanites, p. 23, pi. 2, fig. 2.

Trimeroccphalus micromma Roem., p. 2Z, pi. 3, figs. 8-10. Referred T.
fugitivus Barr., 1872, pi. 9, fig. 2, also Kayser's figures of Barrande's species,
1878, to T. micromma.

Arethusina inexpcctata Barr., p. 25, pi. 3, figs. 11-12.

Calman, W. T. Crustacea in "A Treatise on Zoology," edited by Sir

Ray Lankester, London, 1909.

Caiman remarks, page 101, of the Copepoda :

On the hypothesis that the nauplius represents the ancestral type of the
Crustacea, the Eucopepoda would be regarded as the most primitive existing
members of the class, retaining as they do naupliar characters in the form of
the first three pairs of appendages, and the absence of paired eyes and of a
shell fold.

As already indicated, however, it is much more probable that they are to
be regarded as a specialized and, in some respects, degenerate group, which,
while retaining in some cases a very primitive structure of the cephalic ap-
pendages, has diverged from the ancestral stock in the reduction of the num-
ber of somites, the loss of the paired eyes and the shell fold, and in the
sim,plified form of the trunk limb.

Carpenter, G. H. On the Relationship between the Classes of Arthro-
poda. Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., Vol. 24, 1903, pp. 220-360, pi. 6.

The author has tabulated the number of trunk segments of Trilobites, and
finds a steady increase throughout the Palaeozoic. His table was based upon
very few genera, as follows :

Cambrian, 12 genera. Average number of body segments 17.66

Ordovician, 23 genera. Average number of body segments 18.58

Silurian, 16 genera. Average number of body segments 19.34

Devonian, 10 genera. Average number of body segments 20.70

Carboniferous, 2 genera. Average number of body segments 20.75

Carpentier, Abbe Alfred. Contribution a I'etude du Carbonifere du"
Nord de la France.— Mem. Soc. Geol. du Nord, Tome 7 (11), 1913.
p. 345.

,10 San Diego Society of Natural History

Chapman, Frederick. Preliminary Notes on a Collection of Trilobite
Remains from the Dolobrock River, North Gippsland. — Proc. Roy.
Soc. Victoria, New Ser.. Vol. 21, 1908. pp. 268-269, pi. 11.

A brief notice of Upper Ordovician Trilobites at Dolobrock River, Mt.
Wellington District, consisting of the genera Agnostiis, Proettisf, and a
doubtful type, perhaps referable to Cheirurus.

New or Little-known Victorian Fossils in the National Museum.

XII.

On a Trilobite of the Upper Cambrian Age, (Olenus series) in

N. E. Gippsland, Victoria. — Proc. Rov. Soc. Victoria, New Ser., Vol.
23, 1911, pp. 305-324.
Agnostus australiensis sp. nov., p. 314, pi. 58, figs. 9-12.

The form is closely related to Agnostus pisiformis, especially in the form
of the cephalon, but in the width of the pj^gidium it is most like the var.
ohesiis.

Ptychoparia thielei sp. nov., p. 316, pi. 58, figs. 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10.

Cephalon large, broad in front ; glabella large and tumid, elongate, and
tapering somewhat towards the front, more than two-thirds the entire length
of the cephalon; surface finely tuberculate; glabellar furrows 4 pairs; pal-
pebral lobe sublunate ; ej'e lobes very narrow ; facial sutures strongly curved
at the eye margin, turning sharply outward, and then gently inward, to the
anterior margin of the head, which it meets a little nearer to the central line
than the eye ; from the posterior end of each eye the suture curved gently
outward, then extending horizontally, and finally directed obliquely to meet
the posterior margin at the genal spine.

Cephalic border finely wrinkled and tuberculate ; free cheeks radiately
wrinkled. Thoracic segments? Pygidium semicircular; axis 8 rings, ex-
tending to posterior border.

Length of head 15.5 mm.; width to base of spines 59 mm.?

Upper Cambrian Agnostus Zone.

The large cephalon, with its conico-cylindrical glabella and wrinkled border,
shows the relationship of this species to Ptvchoparia. The author compares
the species with Olcnclhis sp. Etheridge, and 0? forrcsti . This species Mat-
thew referred to Protolenus, Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, Vol. 11, 1893, p. 102.

Ptychoparia minima sp. nov., p. 318, pi. 58, figs. 1 and 6?; pi. 59, fig. 22,
cranidium and pAgidium.

Glabella subcylindrical, long, tapering slightly anteriorly, upper surface
finely pustulate ; glabellar furrows three pairs ; occipital furrow deeply im-
pressed ; occipital ring showing traces of a slight ridge bearing three small,
blunt spines directed posteriorly; front border of the glabella nearly semi-
circular, but somewhat truncated, broad and depressed ; palpebral lobes large,
ellintical ; eyes narrow, sublunate and strongly curved.

Pygidium comparativel}' large ; axis with about 6 segments ; lateral lobes
moderately wide, slightly rounded and depressed in relation to the axis ;
margin broader than in P. thielei, and with conspicuous striae parallel with
the border.

Upper Cambrian Agnostus Zone.

Affinities : The deep and depressed border of the glabella and the spinous
processes of the neck ring may be compared with At ops trilincafa Emmons.

Crepicephalus etheridgei sp. nov., p. 319, pi. 58, figs. 4 and 8; pi. 59, figs.
20, 21.

Cranidia provisionally referred to this species somewhat like that of
SphacroptliaJmns aJatns, small, semicircular, inflated.

Glabella subspherical or elongately globose, highest along the medium
longitudinal line ; surface faintly marked with three pairs of furrows, which
are curved forward and outward from either side of the middle line ; frontal
border depressed, sulcated, and with an almost straight or slightly curved
margin.

Bibliography of PaL/Eozoic Crustacea 11

Occipital ring narrow; occipital furrow deeply impressed; fixed cheeks
moderately broad, suhtriangular, and deeply incised at the junction with the
glal)ella ; outer margin gently sloping outward posteriorly, and with a semi-
lunar depression on the ocular margin ; surface finely tuberculated.

Pygidium subquadrate; axis more than three-quarters of the length of the
pygidium, with 5 rings ; lateral lobe furrows at first gently sloping posteriorly,
then curving sharply backward ; margin with doulilurc and remnants of two
long, diverging spines directed liackward and outward.

The author compares Crepicephaliis onustus Whitfield, with the head of his
new species and the pygidium of C. liliana VValcott.

Ostracoda from the Upper Cambrian Limestone of South Aus-

traha.

On the Age of the Barnsdale Gravels, with a Note on the included

Fossil W'ood. — Proc. Rov. Society, Victoria. New Ser., Vol. 31, Part

1. 1918, pp. 108-174, pi. 9, 10.

The species of Ostracoda are represented by the genera Leperditia and
Isochiliua.

The author describes and illustrates the following species :

Leperditia tatei sp. nov.

The outline of this fossil reminded the author of the Cambrian genus Altita,
especially A. oiyo Wale. The species has the general form of Leperditia anna
Jones.

Leperditia capscUa sp. nov.

The species has many points of resemblance to L. canadensis Jones.

Isochilina stvceii sp. nov.

From its contour one might at first be inclined to refer this species to
Aristocoe Barrande, but that genus is more compressed and podshaped, with
a nodular prominence in the anterior dorsal-region. Chapman compares
Isochilina otiazi'a Jones, but this species is only half the diameter of the
present Australian species and is more oblong in shape.

The Heathcote Fauna. — Records Geo. Sur. of Victoria, Vol. 4,

Part 1. 1906. pp. 87-104, pi. 6, 7.

The following Trilobites are described :

Agnostits aitstralicnsis Chapman.

Ditiesus ida Etheridge, Jr.

Saratogia cf. hanmlus Owen; 5". rugidata sp. nov.

Saiikia cf. Saitkia sp.

A'otasaphns fergusoni gen. nov. et sp. nov.

The cephalon shows a large, tumid and expanded glabella, with about four
transverse furrows. There is a well marked frontal border and the occipital
ring carries a blunt spine.

Pygidium : The spines of the pygidial border vary in number from 4 to 6
on each side, correspondine to the number of pygidial segments.

The genus approaches Dorypyge, from which it differs in the form of the
glabella, it being more expanded in front.

Notasaphus is further distinguished in the almost obsolete transverse fur-
rows. The pygidium of Blackivcldcria also resembles that of Notasaphus,
but the cephalon of that genus has a glabella which is narrower and tapering
in front.

Leperditia knoivsleycnsis Chapman.

Clark, T. H. A New Trilobite Appendage. — Am. Jour. Sci.. Vol. 4,
1922, pp. 245-248, fig. 1 in text.

The author describes the appendage of a Trilobite from the Shumardia
limestone in the Levis formation, consisting of a small fragment of the outer
part of a coxopodite, a large exopodite, a fragmentary endopodite, and one

12 San Diego Society of Natural History

Clark, T. H. — Continued.

or two other members in which the exopodite is by far the largest and most
prominent member. Its outUne, blunt at the inner end, terminating in a long
spine at the distal extremity, widest beyond the middle ; the posterior margin
carrying a score or so of setae which are short, stout and pointed outward.

Of the genera represented in the Shumardia zone only Isotelus and Tri-
arthrus have so far yielded recognizable appendages. In the Levis forma-
tion the most abundant Trilobite is Shumardia granulosa Billings. The other
genera represented in the Shumardia limestone are Agnostus, Endymionia,
Syniphysurus, Telephus and Holonietopus, to any one of which this ap-
pendage might belong.

Clarke, John M. New Palaeozoic Crustaceans. — N. Y. State Mus., 15th
Rep. of the Director, 1919, p. 129, pi. 1.

Bunaia, a new Merostome Crustacean.

Bunaia woodivardi, gen. et sp. nov.

The chief difference of Bunaia from Bunodesis is in the structure of the
abdomen. In Bunodesis there are six broad segments, followed behind by
three narrow ones.

In Bunaia this structure appears to be somewhat different. The cephalon
is followed behind by narrow segments, of which 7 or 8 can be counted, with
possibly one missing. These seem to be of somewhat unequal length
and to be longitudinally ridged, but without lateral flanges.

On the three specimens known, there is a broad, detached, smooth spine
lying alongside the head, which may have been the telson.

Crustacea from the Permian of Sao Paulo, Brazil. — N. Y. State

Mus., 15th Rep. of the Director, 1919, p. 135, pi. 2, 3.
Paulo caris pachecoi sp. nov.
Gampsonyx brasilicus sp. nov.

Fosseis Devonianos do Parana. — Monog. do Servico Geol. e

Min. do Brazil, Vol. 1, 1913.

The following Crustacea are described and illustrated :
Homalonotus noticus sp. nov.

This fine species is quite distinctive and is the only member of the genus
represented in the continental South American Devonian that shows even
the slightest tendency to a spinous test.

Homalonotus herschelii Murchison.

Homalonotus {Schyzopyge) parand sp. nov.

The species is only represented by a pygidium, which bears along the
margin a series of broad, flat, but short lappets, which are continuations of
the ribs. Ribs, three pairs, duplicated.

Dalmanites accola sp. nov. ; D. falklandicus sp. nov. ; D. sp.
Under the preoccupied term Cryphaeus Green, 1837, (not Cryphaeus Agassiz,
1832,) the author describes three new species:

Asteropyge {Cryphaeus) australis sp. nov.; Asteropyge Corda., 1847; Cry-
phaeus (?) allardyceae sp. nov.
Group Mesemhria :

The characteristics of this section are the small, highly elevated and forward
eyes, minute cheek spines which, like the genal angles, are curved upward.

Dalmanites acacia (Schwarz).

Calmonia gen. nov., genotype C. signifer sp. nov.

Body ovate. Cephalon short, subtriangular, bounded by a convex mar-
ginal rim ; in front a short spine protruding ; genal angles with spinules at
the turn of the lateral margin toward the base; glabella depressed; lateral
furrows 3 pairs, the first and second pairs appearing slightly fused at their

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 13

outer ends ; a central circular pit faintly visible in the frontal lobe ; occipital
furrow deep ; eyes small, schizochroal, elevated and well forward.

Facial suture with anterior branch cutting the lateral portion of the frontal
lobe, its posterior branch traversing the cheek horizontally and, because of
the anterior position of the eyes, located well above the occipital furrow, so
that the free cheeks are small and the fixed cheeks proportionally larger.

Thorax with 11 segments; pleurae grooved, anterior ends beveled and well
rounded, posterior becoming sharp or sublanceolate towards the pygidium.

Pygidium small, elongate, subtriangular ; axis with 8 or 9 rings ; pleurae
4 pairs, with trace of a fifth, each being divided by a low sulcus ; margin not
thickened, but bearing a fringe of 6 spinules on each side ; a stout terminal
spine, having a length equal to that of the pygidium.

Cahnonia signifer micrischia var. nov. ; C. subseciva sp. nov. ; C. ocellus
(Lake) ; C. fgonzagana Clarke.

Pennaia gen. nov., genotype P. pauliana sp. nov.

A distinct variation of the Mesembria type of Daltnanites, more Phacopidean
than Cahnonia in respect to the cephalon, in which the parts are more com-
pact and condensed. In the thorax the axis is relatively much broader than
the side lobes, while the pleural ends of the anterior segments are rounded
rather than lanceolate.

The pygidium is Phacopidean in its small size and sparse segmentation.

Proholoides gen. nov., genotype P. ciispidatns sp. nov.

In the possession of a frontal snout on the cephalon, this species is a

Probolium after the type of northern snouted Dalmanitids; but in respect to
the character of the snout, the form of the cephalon, its style of lobation and
smoothness of surface, it departs from that type. The reversional character
of this genus is expressed by the singular and unparalleled reappearance of
spines on the lateral margin of the cephalon at the outlet of the facial sutures,
and, as these lie above the normal position of the spines at the genal angles,
each cheek thus bears a pair of spines.

Proholoides pessulus sp. nov. ; Proetns sp.

A Bibliography is given on page 32 for the years 1842 to 1909.

CoBBOLD, E. S. The Trilobite Fauna of the Comlev Breccia-bed (Shrop-
shire). — Abs. Proc. Geol. Soc, 1912-13, p. 12. Quart. Jour. Geol.
Soc. Vol. 69, 1913, pp. 27-44, pi. 2, 3.

Paradoxides intermedins sp. nov., p. 29, pi. 2, figs. 1 a-c, 3 and figs. 2, 4,
and 11 c.

The species simulates three forms, P. Jiicksii, its variety palpehrosns Linrs.,
and P. sjogreni, in the weakness of the glabellar furrows along the axial line,
but differs in the course of the facial suture, and consequently in the general
form of the cranidium, and also in the outline of the glabella.

Agraulos sp. cf. A. quadrangnlaris Whitfield, p. 31, pi. 2, figs. 15 a-c.

Subgenus Strenuella sp. indeter., p. 22, pi. 2, figs. 12a to 14c.

Conocoryphe aeqnalis Linrs., p. 32, pi. 3, figs. 18 a-c.

Conocoryphe (Liocephalns) impressa Linrs., p. 33, pi. 3, figs. 16 a-c.

Dorypyge reticulata sp. nov., p. 33, pi. 3, figs, la-15.

The species differs from D. lakei, (1) in having a rather longer eye lobe;
(2) in being proportionately wider across the posterior angles of the crani-
dium; (3) in the surface characters; (4) in the proportionate length of the
spines; (5) in the presence of pleural facets, no trace of which have been
detected in D. lakei; (6) in the more tapering axis of the pvgidium ; (7) in
the absence of spines on the axis ; and, (8) in the diminution backward in
the length of the marginal spines.

Microdiscus punctatus (Salter).

Ptychoparia (Liostraciis) lata sp. nov., p. 38, pi. 2, figs. 16a-17c.
This form has many points in common with P. (Liostracus) pulchella. It
differs however in the greater width of the glabella, the concurrent narrow-

14 San Diego Society of Natural Histouy

CoBBOLD, E. S. — Continued.

ness of the fixed cheeks, the absence of the ocular ridge, and in the shorter
and more erect occipital spine. The eyes larger and situated more forward.
Lorenz, 1906, Zeitschr. der Deutsch. Geol. Ges., described Liostraciis latiis
sp. nov., so this species becomes a synonym.

Ptychoparia (Liostraats) ?ditbia, p. 39, pi. 3, figs. 19a, 19b.

The Cambrian Horizon of Comley (Shropshire), and its Bra-

chiopoda, Pteropoda, Gastropoda, &c. — Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol.
76, 1921, pp. 325-386, pi. 41-44.

Ostracoda :

Lepcrditia? Iciitiforinis, sp. nov., Cambrian, Comley.

General form bean-shaped, anterior end shortly truncate, dorsal border
gently convex for about two-thirds of the total length, then bending more
rapidly and passing to the posterior rounded end in a line that is almost
straight.

Ventral valve one long, fairly-regular curve from the truncate anterior to
the posterior end.

Test thin, corneous, having the surface marked by a network of impressed
lines.

Surface of both valves regularly convex, except near the anterior end,
where there is a short, ill-defined depression passing obliquely towards the
ventral border.

Chiefly diff'ers from L. 'idermatoidcs Walcott in having a very thin mem-
branous and punctate test, &c.
Escasona sp.?

Referred to this genus notwithstanding the fact that there is no sign of
the ocular tubercle.

Bradoria? sp.

In shape like Fordilla troyensis Barr., as given by Walcott. It has how-
ever, a distinct marginal flat border, ventrally and at the two ends, but there
is no trace of an ocular tubercle.

Collin, L. Le Niveau a Phacops potieri dans 1' Quest du Finistere. —
Assoc. Franc. Av. Sci.. 39, Toulouse, Part 2, 1911, pp. 44-51.

Cramer, Rudolf. Die Fauna von Golonog. Ein Beitrag zur Feststellung
des Alters der Grauwacken Sandsteinschichten von Golonog und der
entsprechenden Ablagerungen in Oberschlesien. — Jahrb. der Konigl.
Preuss. Geol. Landes'anstalt flir 1910, Bd. XXXI, Hheil 2, Heft 1.
pp. 129-167, Plate 6.
Crustacea :
Griffithides vmcronatus McCoy, p. 151, pi. 6, figs. 13-17.

Crepin, a., see Gossilet, J. A. A.

Decke, W. Palaeont. Betrachungen VII. — Neues jahrb. fiir Min., Vol. 5,
1915, pp. 112-126.
Generally on the range of fossil Crustacea.

Delgado, J. F. N. Fauna Silurica de Portugal. Descripcao de una Forma

Nova de Trilobite. — Comm. des Travaux Geol. du Portugal, 1892, 31

pages, 6 plates.

Lichas ( Uralichas) ribeiroi.

In a list of three horizons of the schist of de Vallonga, the author names
the following Crustacea :

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 15

Zone A :

Dalmanitcs socialis Barr., and var. proaeva Barr. ; D. velillarti Renault.

Placoparia tourneminei Rouault.

Illacims gigantcus Burm. (/. lusttaniciis Sh.)

Asaphus uohilis Barr.; A. glahratus Salter; A. delcssci Duf.

Calymene tristani Brongn. ; C saltcri Rouault.

Zone B :

Liclias in cola Barr.
Placoparia toitrncmiiici Rouault.

Dahnaiiites socialis and var. proaeva Barr.; D. vctillarti Rouault.
lUacnns qigaiitcns Burm. (/. lnsitanicns Sh.), form wide (/. hispanicus
Vern. & Barr.)

Asaphiis nohilis Barr. {A. glahratus Salt. ?) ; A. guettardi Brongn.; A.
contractus Vern. & Barr.; A. dclcssei cianus Vern. & Barr.

Ogygia desmaresti Brongn.

Calymene tristani Brongn.; C. saltcri Rouault.; C. pulchra Barr., (C. arago
Rouault.)

Zone C :

Lichas ribeiroi Delgado ; L. aff. incola Barr., (or sp. nov.).

Acidaspis huchi Barr.

Chcirurus claviger Beyr. ; Ch. (Actino^cltis) octolobatus McCoy.

Dalmanites torrubiae Vern. & Barr.; D. Vetillarti caudatus, (D. macroph-
thahnus Brongn.)

Illaenus gigantcus Burm., (/. lusitanicus Sh.) ; /. zvahlcnbergiauus Barrande;
/. beaumonti Rouault.

Asaphus nohilis Barr.; A. glahratus Salt.; A. guettardi Brongn.; A. con-
tractus Vern & Barr.; A. glahratus gigantcus (or sp. nov.).
Ogygia desiderata Barr., (Illaenus powersi Portl. ?)
Calymene tristani Brogn. ; C. salteri Rou. ; C. pulchra Barr.
Dionide formosa Barr.
Plumulitcs aff. regius Barr.

DoHRN, A. Limuliis unci die Trilobiten. — Jenaische Zeitschr. fiir Alediz.
u. Naturwiss., VI, 1871, p. 622.

DoLLO, L. La paleontologie ethnologique. — Bull. Soc. Geol. Belgique.
Vol. 23, 1909, pp. 377-421, pis. 7-1 1, figs. 1-13.

Drevermann, Fritz. Die Fauna der Siegner Schichten von Seifen
unweit Dierdorf (Westerw^ald). — Palaeontographica, Vol. 50, 1904.

Dunbar, Carl O. Stratigraphy and Correlation of the Devonian of
Western Tennessee. — Am. Jour. Sci., Vol. 46, 1918. pp. 732-756.
Not descriptive. The author notes the following Trilobites.
Lower Devonian or Heldcrbergian Group :
Dalmanites plcuroptyx ; D. retusus sp. nov.
Phacops logani; P. hudsoni.
Homalonotus sp.
Middle Devonian:
Phacops cristata.
Dalmanites myrmecophoriis.

16 San Diego Society of Natural History

Dunbar, Carl O. — Continued.

New Species of Devonian Fossils from Western Tennessee.-

Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts and Sci., Vol. 23, 1920, pp. 148-149.

Dalmanites purduei sp. nov., p. 148, pi. 5, figs. 1-3.

The fusion of the glabellar lobes indicates that this species belongs to the
group of Dalmanites anchiops.

Dalmanites retiisus sp. nov., p. 149, pi. 5, fig. 3.

A pygidium from Perryville. The absence of a spinous extension of this
rounded pygidium is sufficient to distinguish it from all other species of
Dalmanites except D. aspinosus of Decker Ferry, New Jersey.

Etheridge, R. The Cambrian Trilobites of Australia and Tasmania. —
Trans, and Proc. Roy. Soc. South Australia, Vol. 43, 1919, pp. 373-
393 and plate.

Etheridge, R. and Mitchell, John. The Silurian Trilobites of New
South Wales with References to Those of Other Parts of Australia.
Part VI. The Calymenidae, Cheiruridae, Harpeidae, Bronteidae, &c.,
with Appendix. — Proc. Linnean Soc. N. S. Wales, Vol. 42, part 3,
1917, September 26, 1917, pp. 480-510, plates 24-27.

Describes and illustrates the following species :

Calymene australis sp. nov.

The chief difference between this species and C. angustior is the presence
in the former of a fourth lateral glabellar furrow, but if future inspections of
better preserved specimens of C. angustior show four lateral furrows, the
species will probably fail.

Calymene australis may be regarded as typical, and the most characteristic
trilobite of the Bowning series.

Calymene duni sp. nov.

Cheirurus (Crotalocephalus) silverdalensis sp. nov.

It is remarkable that this Bowning fossil, as is also the case with other
trilobites of the same area, should possess striking features of structure com-
mon to two or more Bohemian species such as Cheirurus quenstedti and
C. gibbus.

Cli. (Crotalocephalus) sculptus sp. nov.; Ch. {Crotalocephalus) sp.

Sphaerexochus mirus Beyr.

Staurocephalus murchisoni Barn; S. (?) clarkii DeKoninck; Harpes tri-

nucleoides sp. nov.

Ceratocephala {Bounyongia) subgen. nov. Genotype B. bowningensis sp.
nov.

The new subgenus differs from others in having a pair of cephalic spines
originating on the glabella in front of the occipital ring, and it is this feature
on which Etheridge and Mitchell found the subgenus.

Bronteus mesembrinns sp. nov. ; B. bowningensis sp. nov. ; B. molongenis
sp. nov. ; B. angiisticaudatus sp. nov.

Acanthopyge australis McCoy.

Corydocephalus palmata sinuata Ratte.

Trinucleus clarkei Macleary. (Clarke, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 4,
1848, pp. 64-66.)

This species from the Silurian of Yarralumla is probably a species of
Harpes mistaken for a Trinucleus by Clarke and Macleary,

Notes on other species of Australian Trilobites slightly known.
Asaphus Clarke, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 4, 1848, p. 64.

Bibliography of Pal.^ozoic Crustacea 17

Beyond Clarke's casual remark, nothing is known o£ the presence of this
genus in the Silurian rocks of Australia, but from the Despatch Limestone of
Zeehan, Tasmania, a single small pygidium was obtained.

Amphion Etheridge, Tasmania Rep., Sec. Mines for 1895-6.

Under the name of A.{'i) hrevisf>inus the author described two small
P3^gidia from the Despatch Limestone at Zeehan believed to be aUied to the
British A. pscudoarticnlaius Port. Genus unknown in Australia.

Illacnus DeKoninck, Pal. Nouv. Galles du Sud. pt. 1, 1876, p. 46.

The history of this genus is comprised within that of two species, one Aus-
tralian, the other both Australian and Tasmanian. The former is a pygidium
recorded by DeKoninck from Boree Cavern, provisionally referred to /.
zvahlcnbcrgi Barr. The second species, /. johnstoni, was established in the
first instance for a cephalon occurring in Despatch Limestone at Zeehan,
(Etheridge, Rep. Sec. Mines for 1895-6, p. XIV. pi. fig. 3) and the name was
adopted for another cephalon from near Orange, (Etheridge, Rec. Geol. Sur.
N. S. Wales, 8, pt. 4, p. 319, figs. 1, 2).

Homalonotus dclphinoccphalus Harrison, Trans. Rov. Soc. Victoria, Vol.
7, 1866, p. 17.

Found at Moonee Ponds, near Melbourne.

This was subsequentlj- described by McCov as H. harrisoni, (Geol. Sur.
Vict., Decade 3, 1876, p. 19, pi. 23, fig. 11) from a different localit}-, Royal
Park, Flemington.

Jenkins (Proc. Linnean Soc. N. S. Wales, Vol. 3, pt. 1, 1878, p. 26, 30.) men-
tioned Homalonoiiis as one of the Trilobites occurring in the Hume beds of
the Yass River, but which is not of the characteristic tjpe. Probably not a
trilobite but a Pteropod.

Oiixcopvge liversidgei Woodward, (Geol. Mag., Dec. 2, Vol. 7, p. 97,) from
Bombala District, N. S. Wales.

Notasaphus fergusoni Gregory, (Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict., pt. 2, 1903, p. 155.)
This is unknown to the authors as a N. S. Wales species.

Cyphaspis lilydalcnsis Chapman, (Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict., Vol. 28, 1915, p.
163, pi. 19, fig. 6, and pi. 16, fig. 19.)

Wilson's Quarry, near Lilj-dale, Victoria; not known in X. S. Wales.

Proetus (Forbcsia) eurycops McCoy, (Prod. Pal. Vict., Dec. 3, 1876, p. 17,
pi. 22, figs. 10, 10a.) Xot known in X. S. Wales.

Finch, G. E. Notes on the Position of the Individuals in a Group of
Nileus vigilans Found at Elgin, Iowa. — Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., Vol.
XI, 1903, pp. 179-181, pi. 14.

Finch makes the suggestion that the species referred to Nileus (Vogdesia)
vigilans, a trilobite of the Maquoketa bed of Iowa, was in the habit of bury-
ing itself posterior end first. In a slab containing 15 entire specimens, all of
which had the cephalon extended horizontally near the surface of the stratum,
and the thorax and pygidium projecting downward, the rock showed no evi-
dence that they were in burrows, and the fact that all were in the same posi-
tion indicates that the attitude was voluntarily assumed.

They appear to have entrenched themselves by the use of the pygidia, which
are incurved plates readily adapted for such use, and, buried up to the eyes,
to have awaited the coming of prey ; but they were, apparently, smothered
by a sudden influx of mud.

The form of the eye in Vogdesia vigilans bears out this supposition, as
noted bv Ravmond in his paper on the Appendages, Anatomv and Relations
of Trilobites, 1920, p. 102.

FiREBRiG, K. Cassides und Crvptocephaliden. — Zool. Jahrb.. Suppl. 12,
1910, pp. 161-264, plates 4-8.

IS San Diego Society of Natural History

Fliegel, G. Ueber Obercarbonische Faunen aus Ost- und Sudasien. —

Palaeontographica, Vol. 48, 1901, pp. 91-136, figs, in text, plates 6-8.

Griffithides sumatrensis F. Roemer, p. 121, pi. 8, figs. 17, 18.

Das charakteristichste Merkmal unserer Art liegt in dem ungewohnlich
verlangerten Pygidium. Sie gehort dadurch in einer Formenkreis mit der
Griffithides elegans Gemm. wiirde also zum Subgenus Pseiidophillipsia
Gemmellaro zu zahlen sein, falls man in diesen Formen mehr als eine blosse
Gruppe erblicken will.

FoERSTE, A. F. Silurian and Devonian Limestones of Western Tennessee.
—Jour, of Geology, Vol. XI, 1903, pp. 554-583, pp. 678-715.
Palaeozoic Crustacea.

Wells (Upper Stone River) Fossils, (Ordovician) :
Illaemis, resembling I. americanus.
Clinton Fossils, (Silurian) :

Illaemis daytonensis ; Illaenns, resembling madisonensis.
Calymene vogdesi.
Lichas breviceps cUntonensis.
Brownsport Fossils, (Silurian) :
Acidaspis sp.
Calymene niagarensis.
Ceraurus niagarensis.
Encrinurns sp.
Illaemis sp.
Phacops sp.

Sphacrcxochus romingeri.

Linden (Helderbergian) Fossils, (Devonian) :
Dalmanites pleuroptyx.
Phacops logani.

Lorraine Fauna of New York and Quebec. — Bull. Sci. Labora-
tories, Denison Univ.. Vol. 17, 1914, pp. 247-328, pis. 3-5.
Cryptolithus tessellatus Green, p. 317.
Calymene conradi Emmons, p. 320.

The fact is that Emmons in his description was trying to distinguish the
Lorraine form from the published description of Calymene senaria given by
Hall.

Emmons in his American Geolog>', 1856, p. 236, gives the following de-
scription :

Small, wide across the cheeks, cheek angles obtuse and rounded, posterior
lobes of the glabella comparatively large and globular, thorax lobes very
convex, with a row of tubercles in the furrows or between the axis and the
lateral lobes.

The species described by Slocum, (New Trilobites from Maquoketa Beds
of Fayette Co., Iowa, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 1913, Pub. 171, p. 69, pi. 18,
fig. 9) as Calymene gracilis sp. nov., is probably the same and agrees in gen-
eral with Emmons' descriptions.

Proefus chamhliensis sp. nov., p. 320, pi. 4, figs. 1 A-H.

Compared with Proetus parviusctilus Hall, which has a rotund oval glabella,
without visible lobation, the cephalon broad and flat, &c., the new species
differs in a relatively longer, more oblong oval glabella, large basal lobes and
indications of the middle lateral pair of furrows, with other differences.

The Generic Relations of the American Ordovician Lichadidae. —

Am. Jour. Sci., Vol. XLIX, 1920, pp. 26-50, plates 1-3.

1. Two prevalent types of glabella among European Ordovician Lichads.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 19

2. American species clouI)tfully referred to the European genera Platy-
lichas and Uoplolicluis.

3. American species definitely referred to the European genus Hemiarges.

4. Acrolichas proposed for twelve American and one Irish species in which
the author includes :

Lichas minganensis Bill.; L. cncullus M. & W. ; L. trentonensis Conr.; L.
coniufus Clarke; L. harrisi Miller; L. liibernicus Portl. ; and doubttfully
L. jukcsii Bill.; L. rohinsi IJlrkh; L. bicornis Ulrich; L. clermontensis Slocum ;
and Ampliiliclias rhinoceros Slocum.

5. The area of origin of Acrolichas.

6. American species of Acrolichas formerly were referred to the European
genus Amphilichas.

7. The pygidia of Acrolichas compared with those of Metalichas.

8. The pygidia of Acrolichas compared wiht those of Platopolichas.

9. The East Baltic genera Hoplolichas and Conolichas.

10. The East Baltic genera Homolichas, Leiolichas and Metopolichas.

11. The Bohemian Silurian genera Corydocephalus and Dieranopeltis.

12. The distribution of American species of Acrolichas.

13. The origin of the generic types among the cranidia of the Lichadidae.

14. The free cheeks, hypostoma and thorax of Acrolichas.

15. Notes on American species of Acrolichas.

16. Possible occurrence of Acrolichas in Baltic Area of Europe.

17. Bibliography.

Notes on Isotcliis, Acrolichas, Calymcnc and Encrinurus. — Bull.

Denison Univ., Vol. 19, 1921, pp. 65-81, 6 plates.

Isotelus brachyccphalus sp. nov., p. 65, pi. 14A and 15.

The author suggests that the presence of both broad and narrow forms of
Isotelus in the Richmond strata of Ohio and Indiana indicates the possibility
that the more elongate forms (Isotelus ma.vimus) may be the males, and the
broader forms (Isotelus brachycephalus) the females of the same species.

Acrolichas(?) shidleri sp. nov., p. 72, pi. 17, fig. 3 a-b.

For the American species at present referred to the European genus Am-
philichas, the author proposed the name of Acrolichas on account of the dif-
ferences in the structure of the pygidia.

The pygidia have three pairs of ribs, all with free tips, but only the first
two pairs of ribs bear median grooves; the axial lobe narrows posteriorly
to an acute point which reaches the notch between the free tips of the pos-
terior pairs of ribs.

Genotype Lichas cucullus Meek & Worthen.

Calymene ahbrcviata Foerste, p. 74, pi. 18, fig. 5 a, b.

Calymcne sp. (Lorraine form), p. 75, fig. 1, pi. 18.

Calymene retrorsa minuens var. nov., p. 76, pi. 18, fig. 4.

Characteristic fossils of the Waynesville member of the Richmond forma-
tion.

Calyviene sp. (West Union form), p. 77, pi. 18, fig. 8 a, b.

This form is about three-fifths as large as typical Calymcne vogdesi. It has
about the same form of the cranidium, but the anterior half of the glabella
is more quadrangular and is truncately rounded anteriorlj-; the anterior
margin of the cranidium is relatively broad, but there is no broad groove sep-
arating this border from the anterior margin of the glabella as in C. vogdesi.

Calymcne niagarcnsis Hall; C. breviccps Raymond.

Calymene cedarvillensis sp. nov.

This large form from the Cedarville dolomite dififers from Calymene
vogdesi in having the narrow anterior border not separated from the anterior
part of the glabella by a groove distinct from the general curvature of the
border. Compared with C. celcbra, its anterior border is considerably wider.

20 San Diego Society of Natural History

FoERSTE, A. F. — Continued.

Encrintirus ornatus Hall and Whitfield.

Encrinurus hillsboroensis sp. nov.

West Union formation at Hillsboro, Ohio.

A fragment which differs from either Encrinurus ornatus or E. reflexus in
the strong posterior reflexion of the distal parts of the ribs on the pygidium.
There are eight pairs of ribs and the pygidium terminates posteriorly in an
acute spinose end.

The Kimmswick and Plattin Limestone of Northeastern Mis-
souri. — Jour. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ., Vol. 19, 1920, pp. 175-224,
plates 21-23.

Fossil Crustacea :

Amphilichas cucullus Meek & Worthen, p. 214.

Bumasttis holei sp. nov., p. 214, pi. 21, figs. 15 a, b; pi. 22, figs. 15 a-n.

Casts of the head and tail. The lower side of the cranidium is characterized
by shallow impressed lunettes, relatively very distant from each other, but
close to the posterior margin.

Probably identtical with Bumastus orbicaudatus Clarke.

Bumastus rowleyi sp. nov., p. 214, pi. 21, figs. 16 a, b ; pi. 22, figs. 16 a, b.

The general aspect of the cranidium resembles that of B. ambiguus Foerste.
The cast of the lower side of the cranidium shows impressed lunettes along
the dorsal groove which are separated by a distance of nearly 10 mm.

Endymionia bellatula Savage, p. 218.

Nileiis sp., p. 218, pi. 23, figs. 4 a, b.

Raymond in his paper on some new Ordovician Trilobites, 1890, p. 292,
referred this species to Vogdesia, a genus closely related to Homotehis and
Bracliyaspis, but which differs from both these genera in having a wider
axial lobe in the thorax, and little or no trace of dorsal furrows on the
pygidium.

The genotype of Vogdesia is V. bearsi Raymond from the Chazy; other
species occur in the Trenton group of Illinois and Alinnesota. It is also a
common Trilobite in the Maquoketa of Iowa.

Proetus iindulostriat%is Hall, p. 219.

Pterygometopus cf. lincolnensis Branson.

Remopleurides missouriensis sp. nov., p. 220, pi. 21, fig. 17; pi. 22, figs.
17 a, b.

A cranidium which the author compares with three American species,
Remopleurides striatulus Wale, R. lingulatiis Ruedemann and R. tumidus
Rued.

From the first species the Ralls County specimens have much more distinct
indications of the glabellar furrows, the frontal lobe curves downward more
strongly and for a greater distance, and the glabella is somewhat narrower
and less flattened.

Bathyiints spiniger Hall, p. 222, pi. 22, fig. 20, (cranidium).

Ceraurinus cf. trentonensis Barton, p. 216.

Ceraurus cf. bispinosus Raymond & Barton, p. 216, pi. 21, fig. 18 a, c.

Ceraurus plattenensis sp. nov., pi. 217, pi. 21, figs. 18 a, b ; pi. 23, figs. 3 a, b.

Fox, H. Geological Notes, No. 2 ; Supplementary Notes on the Distri-
bution of Fossils and Rocks on the North Coast of Cornwall. —
Trans. Roy. Soc. Cornwall, Vol. 12, 1904, pp. 753-759.

Frech, H. F. Das Marine Karbon in Ungarn. K-ozl, 36, 1906, pp. 1-50,
50-153, figs., plates 1-6.
Trilobita :

Griffithides dolsinensis Illes, p. 29, pi. 1, fig. 1 a, b ; C minor Woodw., p. 28,
pi. 1, fig. 2, 3; G. mucronatus F. Roemer, p. 29, pi. 29, fig. 5 a, b.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 21

FucHS, Alexander. See Spriestersbuch, Julius.

Gardiner, G. I. See Reed, F. R. Cowper.

Gardiner, G. I. and Reynolds, S. H. On the Igneous and Associated
Sedimentary Rocks of the Glensaul District, with Palaeontological
Notes bv F. R. C. Reed. — Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, London, Vol. 46,
1910. p.' 253. plates XX-XXII ; Palaeontological Notes, pp. 271-278,
plates XXI-XXII.

Trilobita:

lUactius zvcavcri Reed, p. 272.

Niobe sp., p. 272, pi. 22, fig. 3 a, b.

Nileus armadillo Dalm., p. 273, pi. 22, fig. 2 a, b.

BathyurcUus glensaulcnsis sp. nov., p. 274, pi. 21, fig. 1 a. b.

Bathvnrus cf. timon Bill, p. 275, pi. 21, fig. Sb; B. aff. ncro Bill., p. 275,
pi. 21, fig. 4 a, b.

Pliomera pseudoarticulata Portl., p. 276. pi. 22, fig. 5, 6.

Encrinunis octocostatus sp. nov., p. 277, pi. 22, fig. 4 a, b.

Phacops {Chasmops) aff. odini Eichwald, p. 277.

GiRTY, George H. Preliminary Report on the Palaeozoic Invertebrate
Fossils from the Region of the M'Alester Coal Field, Indian Ter-
ritory.— Ann. Rep. U. S. Geol. Sur.. 1897-98. pp. 539-593. pi. 60-62.
Phacops logani Hall, p. 571 ; P. hudsoniciis Hall, p. 571, pi. 61. fig. 4 a-d.
Proetus protuhcrans Hail, p. 573.
Dalmanites pleura pty.v Green.

The author figures a large specimen of Phacops hudsoniciis, which appears
to be abundant in Tennessee and Oklahoma. The species is extremely close
to P. logani, with which it is associated, and the only character which can
be relied upon to distinguish them is the comparative size and number of
facets in the eyes. The eyes of P. hudsoniciis are smaller and have fewer
lenses than those of P. logani.

Dr. Hall describes this species as follows : Eyes small, extending back-
ward to the line of the first annular furrow, having an elevation of four
ranges of lenses.

Dr. Troost described a similar species in 1834, Mem. Soc. Geol. France, Vol.
3, p. 94, pi. XI, fig. 1-5, from Tennessee, fig. 5 of Troost's Illustrations.

Fauna of the Boone Limestone at St. Joe, Arkansas. Bull. U. S.

Geol. Sur., 598, 1915.

Brachymefopusf elegans sp. nov., pi. 2, fig. 6, 6a, Pygidium.

Axis of the pygidium with fourteen joints, lateral lobes with nine pairs of
ungrooved ribs ; a row of pointed nodes along the middle of the axis and a
row a little less than half way down the sides.

The specimen is unique.

Gortani, M. La Serie Devoniana nella Giogaia del Cogliane.— Bull. R.
Con. Geol. Ital.. Vol. 43, 1913, pp. 235-280, figs, in text, pi. 1-3.

GossELET, J. A. A., Barrois. C. Leriche, M. and Crepin, A. Descrip-
tion de la Faune Siluro-Devonienne de Lievin. Trilobites by J. A. A.
Gosselet. Cephalopoda by A. Crepin. Lamellibranchia, Gastropoda,
Conularida. O.stracoda and Merostomata bv M. Leriche. — Mem. Coc.
Geol. Nord., Vol. 6, No. 2, pt. 1, pp. 1-64,' pi. 1-9, 1912.

22 San Diego Society of Natural History

Gregory, J. W. Cyphaspis spryi, a New Species of Trilobite from the
Silurian of Melbourne. — Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, New Series, 1901,
pp. 179-182, plate XXII.

GuRiCH, Georg. Leitf ossilien : ein Hilfsbuch zum Bestimmen von Ver-
steinerungen bei geologischen Arbeiten in der Sammlung und im
Feld, Erste Lieferung Kambrium und Silur, Berlin, 1908.

Ordnung Trilobita, pp. 14-24, pi. 3-5, Kambrium.

Reich 1. Oligomeria.

Rumpfsegmente in geringer Anzahl, 2-3 oder 6.

a. Unterordnung Isopyge.
Schwanzschild dem Kopfschild ahnlich.

Fam. Microdiscidae.

Microdiscus speciosus Ford, p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Fam. Agnostidae.

Agnostns granulatiis Barr., p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 3; A. pisiformis Linne, p.

16, pi. 3, fig. 2; A. reticulatns Ang., p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 4.

b. Unterordnung Heteropygia.

Das Schwanzschild weicht in form, zumeist auch inbezug auf die grosse
vom Kopfschild erheblich ab ; Anzahl der Rumpfsegmente nicht mehr
als sechs.

Reich 2. Pleiomeria.

Rumpfsegmente in grosserer Anzahl ; acht oder mehr.

c. Unterordnung Micropygia.

Rumpfsegmente sehr zahlreich, Pygidium erheblich schmaler als der
Kopf, und die Anzahl der erkennbarren Segmente des Schwanzschildes
zumeist geringer als die halbe Anzahl der Rumpfsegmente.

Fam. Olenellidae.

Olenellus thompsoni Hall, p. 17, pi. 4, fig. 2.

Olenelhis (Mesouacis) mickwitzii Fr. Schm., p. 17, pi. 3, fig. 5.

Olenellus (Holmia) kjernlfi Linnars., p. 17, pi. 4, fig. 1.

Fam. Paradoxididae.

Paradoxides harkncssi Hicks, p. 18; P. pusillus Hicks, p. 18, pi. 3,
fig. 8; P. oelandicus Sjogr., p. 18, pi. 3, fig. 6; P. hicksii Salter, p. 18;
P. d'avidis Salter, p. 18; P. forchammeri Aug., p. 19, pi. 3, fig. 7.

Fam. Ellipsocephalidae.

Ellipsocephalus hoffi Schloth.. p. 19, pi. 5, fig. 1.

Arioncllus ceticephalus Barr., p. 19, pi. 5, fig. 2.

Conocephalus snlceri Barr., p. 19, pi. 5, fig. 3.

Fam. Olenidae.

PtycJwparia striata Barr., p. 20, pi. 5, fig. 4.

Liostracus aaileatus Aug., p. 20, pi. 5, fig. 6.

Olenus truncatiis Briinn., p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 7.

Parabolina spinulosa Wahlenb., p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 8.

Eurycare latum Bock, p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 9.

Peltura scarahaeoides Wahlenb., p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 10.

Sao hirsuta Barr., p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 5.

Unterordmug Macropygia.
Pygidium gross, Rumpfsegmente meist weniger zahlreich als die doppelte
Anzahl der Segmente des Pygidiums.

Fam. Dicellocephalidae.

Dicellocephalus miniiesotensis Owen, p. 22, pi. 3, fig. 9.
Leitfossilien des Silurs.
Klasse Crustacea, Ordnung Trilobita, pp. 62-95, pis. 22-28.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 23

1. Reihe Oligomeria.
Rumpfsegmente in geringer Anzahl.

1. Unterordming Isopygia.
P\-gidium dcm Kopfschild an grosse gleich und von sehr ahnlicher Form.
Fam. Agnostidae Dalm.

Rumpf nur mit 2 oder 3 Segmentq, Augen und Gesichtsnaht fehlen.
Agiiostus tardus Barr., p. 62, pi. 22, fig. 1.

2. Unterordnung Hcteropygia.

Das Pygidium weiclit in form und grosse vom Kopfschild ab, Anzahl
der Rumpfsegmente — . Die hierher gehorigen Formen haben entweder
gar kcine oder sehr grosse Augen. Gesichtsnaht nahe am Seitenrande.
Fam. Trinucleidae.

Trinuclcus ornatus Sternberg, p. 62, pi. 22, fig. 2; T. bucklandi Barr.,
p. 63, pi. 22, fig. 3.

Unterfamilie Dionideae.

Dionide formosa Barr., p. 63, pi. 22, fig. 4.

Unterfamilie Ampyceae.

Ampyx tctragonus Ang., p. 63, pi. 22, fig. 5.

Fam. Aeglinidae. (The author placed the Aeglinidae with the Tri-
nucleidae.)

Aeglina oniafa Barr., p. 63; A. prisca Barr., p. 63, pi. 22, fig. 6.

2. Reihe Pleiomeria.
Rumpfsegmente mindestens 8.

3. Unterordnung Micropygia.
Fam. Paradoxididae.

Remopleiiridcs radians Barr., p. 64, pi. 23, fig. 1.

Fam. Cyphaspidae.

Cyphaspis burmeisteri Barr., p. 64, pi. 22, fig. 7.

Fam. Olenidae.

Arethiisi}ia koniiicki Barr., p. 64, pi. 22, fig. 8.

Fam. Ellipsocephalidae.

Triarthrus becki Green, p. 64, pi. 28, fig. 3.

Fam. Harpedidae.

Harpes nngula Sternberg, p. 65, pi. 23, fig. 9.

4. Unterordnung Macropygia.

Pygidium gross, breiter als die halbe Breite des Kopfschildes, Rimipf-

segment meist weniger zahlreich als die doppelte Anzahl der Ringe dcs

Pygidiums.

1. Gruppe Opisthoparia.

Fam. Dicellocephalidae.

Ccratopyge forficula Sars, p. 65, pi. 25, fig. 1.

Fam. Asaphidae.

1. Unterfamilie Asaphinae.

Ogygia buchi Brong., p. 66. pi. 22>, fig. 2.
Asa pints cxpansus Dalm., p. 66, pi. 24, fig. 1.
Mcgalaspis limbata Boeck, p. 67, pi. 23, fig. 3.
Basilicus tyrannus Murch., p. 67, pi. 23, fig. 4.
Isotelus gigas De Kay, p. 67, pi. 24, fig. 2.

2. Unterfamilie Nileinae.

Nileus arttiadillo Dalm., p. 67, pi. 24, fig. 3.

3. Unterfamilie Illaeninae.

Illaemis esmarcki Holm., p. 68, pi. 24, fig. 4.
Bnmasfus barriciisis Murch., p. 68. pi. 24, fig. 5.
Fam. Bronteidae.

24 San Diego Society of Natural History

GuRiCH, Georg. — Continued

Fam. Lichidae.
Gattung Liclias, p. 69; Urolichas ribeiroi Delgado, p. 69.

1. Reihe Lichinae.

Untergattung Platopolichas aims Barr., p. 69, pi. 25, fig. 2.
Hoplolichas conicotuberculatus Nieszk., p. 69, pi. 25, fig. 3.
Trachylichas scaher Beyr., p. 69, pi. 25, fig. 4.

2. Reihe Argetinae.

Untergattung Plnsiarges palmatus Barr, p 69, pi. 25, fig. 5.
Fam. Acidaspidae.
Fam. Proetidae, p. 70.

2. Gruppe Gonatoparia.

HomaJonotus hrongniarti Salter, p. 70; II. hisulcatus Salter, p. 70, pi. 26,
fig. 1.

Untergattung Trimerus delphinoceplialus Green, p. 70, pi. 26, fig. 2.
Fam. Calymenidae.

Calyniene hlunienhachii Bronn., p. 71, pi. 26, fig. 4; C. scnaria Conrad,
p. 71, pi. 26, fig. 5.

3. Gruppe Proparia.

Der hintere Abschnitt der Gesichtsnaht miindet vor den Hinterecken.
Fam. Phacopidae.
Phacops s. str.

Dalmania socialis Barr., p. 71. pi. 26, fig. 6; D. candata Emm., p. 71,
pi. 26, fig. 7.

A caste dotvningiae Murch., p. 72, pi. 27, fig. 1.
Chasmops odini Eichw., p. 72, pi. 26, fig. 8.
Fam. Cheiruridae.

Cheiruriis exsiils, p. 72, pi. 27, fig. 2; C. insignis Beyrich, p. 73, pi. 27,
fig. 3.

Sphaercxoclins minis Beyr., p. 72>, pi. 27, fig. 4.
Fam. Encrinuridae.

Cybele bellatiila Dalm., p. 72>, pi. 27, fig. 5.
Encrinunis pnnctahis Wahlenb., p. 7Z, pi. 27, fig. 6.
Ordnung Ostracoda.

Lcperditia baltica Fr. Schm., p. 74, pi. 27, fig. 7.
Fam. Primitidae.

Beyrichia tnberculata Boll., p. 74, pi. 27, fig. 8.
Fam. Phyllocaridae.
Ceratiocaris siygia Salter, p. 74, pi. 28, fig. 4.

Leitfossilien, Zweite Lieferung, Devon, Berlin, 1909.

Ordnung Trilobita, pp. 150-168, plates 47-49.
1. Gruppe Opisthoparia.
Gesichtsnaht miindet am Hinterrande.

Fam. Bronteidae.
Untergattung TJiysanopeltis speciosa Corda, p. 151, pi. 47, fig. 1.

Fam. Lichidae.
Untergattung Euarges haueri Barr., p. 151, pi. 47, fig. 2.
' Liparges simplex Barr., p. 152; Ceratarges armatus Golf., p. 152.

Fam. Proetidae.

Proetus bohemiciis Corda, p. 152, fig. in text. No. 41 ; P. cuvieri, p.

153, pi. 47, fig. 3; P. eremita Barr., p. 153, pi. 47, fig. 4; P. cras-

sirJiachis F. A. Roemer, p. 154.

Bibliography of Pal-^iOzoic Crustacea 25

Dechenella hurmeisteri Richter, p. 154, pi. 47, figs. 5, 6; D. verneuili
(Barr.), p. 155, pi. 47. fig. 7.

2. Gruppe Gonatoparia.

Die Gesichtsnaht endct in den Hinterecken.

Fam. Calymenidae.

Fam. Homalonotidae.

Hovialonotus {Dipleura) dckayi Green, p. 156, pi. 48, fig. 1.

Homaloiwtus (Biinneistcria) armata Bur., p. 156, pi. 48, fig. 2.

Homalonotiis (Digonus) gigas F. A. Roemer, p. 157, pi. 48, fig. 8;
fig in text No. 42.

3. Gruppe Proparia.

Gesichtsnaht miindet am Seitenrande vor den Hinterecken.
Fam. Phacopidae.
Unterfamilic Dalmaninae (Dalmanitinae Reed).

Untergattung Odoniocliile hausmanni Brong., p. 159, pi. 49, fig. 1, fig. in
text No. 43; O. rhcnana Kayser, p. 159.

Cryphaeus laciniatns Ferd. Roemer, p. 160, pi. 49, fig. 2; C. punctatns
Steininger, p. 161, pi. 47, fig. 8, and pi. 49, fig. 3; C. barrandi Caillaud
& Oehlerts, p. 161.

Unterfamilie Phacopinae.

Vordere seitliche Querfurchen auf der Glabella undeutlich
Trimcrocephahis anophtJiabmis Freeh, p. 162, pi. 49, fig. 4.
Phacops fecundus Barr., p. 163, pi. 49, fig. 5; P. major Barr., p. 163;
P. snpcrstes Barr., p. 163; P. fecundus & Var. major Barr., p. 166;
P. breviceps Barr., p. 166; P. latifrons Bronn, p. 167, pi. 49, fig. 6; P.
schlotheimi Bronn, p. 168, pi. 49, fig. 7.
Ordnung Ostracoda.

Fam. Primitiidae.
Gattung Bollia & Polyzygia, p. 168.
Fam. Entomidae.

Entomis serrat a striata Sandberger, p. 168, pi. 47, fig. 9.
Gattung Richterina Giirich, p. 169; R. tenera Giirich, p. 169, pi. 47, fig. 10.
Prof. H. H. Swinnerton, Classification of Trilobites, remarks, p. 494:
"The Error in Giirich's Classification :

"The mistake made by Giirich is that his main divisions are based on
progressive characters, viz : diflferences in the number of free segments and
in the size of the pj^gidium.

"Beecher's order, Hypoparia, exhibits the same weakness. The institution
of an order Protoparia is open to the same criticism."

Hadding, Assar. Slaktet Telephus Barrande. — Geol. Foren. Stockh.,
Forhandl. 35, 1913, pp. 25-48, plates 1, 2.

TelcpJms bicuspis Aug., p. 43, pi. 1, figs. 1-7; T. sp., p. 42, pi. 2, figs.; T.
mobergi Hadding, p. 37, pi. 2, figs. 12-17; T. granulatus Aug., p. 35, pi. 1,
figs. 8-10.

Undre Dicellograptusskiffern I. Skone jemte Nagra Darmed

Ekvivalenta Bildningar. — Lunds Geologiska Faltklubb, ser. B, No. 6,
1913.

Ostracoda:

Primitia tolli Bonnema, p. 67, pi. 6, figs. 10, 11; P. carinata sp. nov., p. 68,
pi. 6, fig. 12; P. conchoides sp. nov., p. 68, pi. 6, figs. 13-17.

Trilobita:

Triarthrus becki humilis, var. nov., p. 69, pi. 6, figs. 18, 19.

Megalaspis patagiata Tornq., p. 69, pi. 6, figs. 20, 21 ; M. sp.

Asaphus sp.

26 San Diego Society of Natural History

Hadding, Assar. — Continued.

Ogygiocaris dilatata sarsi Ang., p. 70, pi. 7, figs. 1-7, text fig. 23, pygidium ;
O. dilatata lata var. nov., p. 72, pi. 7, fig. 8, 9; O. Dilatata stronii Ang., p. 72,
fig. 10.

Nileus armadillo Dalm., p. 72, pi. 7, figs. 11, 12.

Cheirurus cxsul Beyr., p. 7Z, pi. 7, fig. 13.

Ampyx sp.. A. clavifrons sp. nov., p. 73, pi. 7, figs. 15, 16; A J costatus
Boeck, p. 74, pi. 7, fig. 17.

Triniicleiis coscinorhiims Ang., p. 74, pi. 7, figs. 18-20; T. efflorescens sp.
nov., p. 75, pi. 7, figs. 21a-c.

Telephus bicuspis Ang., p. 75, pi. 8, figs. 1-4; T. sp.; T. mohergi Hadding,
p. 76, pi. 8, figs, 6-8; T. granulatus Ang., p. 76, pi. 8, figs. 9, 10.

Remopleurides subqtiadratus sp. nov., p. 76, pi. 8, figs. 11 a, b; /?. circularis
sp. nov., p. 77, pi. 8, figs. 12a, b; R. sp. (1) ; R. sp. (2).

Rohcrgia microphthalma Linrs., p. 78, pi. 8, figs. 15-17 and 17a; R. micro-
phthahna scaiiica var. nov., p. 78, pi. 8, fig. 19.

Fialoides antiqtiatus gen. nov. et sp. nov., p. 79, pi. 8, figs. 20a, b.

The new genus has a fixed cheek and palpebral lobes like the genus Tele-
phus; the glabella and pre-glabella-like front brim reminds one of certain
Conocephalidae.

Colymhus lovisae gen. nov. et sp. nov.

Cranidium only known. Glabella very convex, with glabellar basal lobes ;
palpebral lobes bending backward and extending to the base of the glabella,
cutting the occipital furrow near the dorsal furrows ; facial sutures on their
anterior branches running from the palpebral lobes laterally outward and for-
ward and finally crossing the wide part of the fixed cheeks, bow-like, over the
frontal limb ; glabella not extending to the frontal border.

The form is somewhat similar to species assigned to Proctus and Cyphaspis,
but the facial sutures differ in the strongly outward direction of the anterior
branches, also the semicircular palpebral lobes.

On account of these characteristics Hadding referred it to a new genus.

Hector, J. On a New^ Trilobite {Homalonotiis cxpansns). — Trans. &
Proc. of the New Zealand Inst., Vol. IX, 1877, p. 602.

Hede, J. Ernhold. Skanes colonusskiffer, 1. — Lunds Geologiska Falt-
klubb, ser. B. No. 9, Bd. 26, No. 6, 1915, pp. 165, plates 1-4, with
English summary.

Trilobita :

Ampyx rouaulti Barr.

Dalmanites mohergi sp. nov. ; D. simriciis sp. nov.

Acidaspis mira Barr.; A. cardiolarum sp. nov.

Proetus gracilis Barr.

Phyllocardia :

Aptychopsis prima Barr.

Cryptocaris scanica sp. nov.

The new species, Dalmanites mohergi, pi. 4, fig. 3-8, is described as follows :

Cephalon parabolic, convex ; genal angles produced into spines ; glabella
widening anteriorly, glabellar furrows deep and nearly straight; frontal lobe
produced in front, with both exterior sides rectilinear, equaling in length the
remaining part of the glabella, not including the occipital ring. Glabella with
three pairs of furrows, the first deepest and somewhat oblique, the second
perpendicular to the axis and increasing in depth inward, the third nearly
parallel with the second, but, in the inmost part a little more directed forward,
here being subparallel with the occipital furrow. Occipital ring rather convex,
broadest at the middle. Test of the glabella covered with fine granules and
scattered, greater and smaller tubercles ; also the same kind of granulation to
be observed on the cheeks. Flattened lateral border bounded inward by a

Bibliography of PAL>iiOzoic Crustacea 27

strong furrow, which cannot be followed farther than the frontal lobe. In-
terior of the cheeks only slightly convex. Eyes, which have big facets, oc-
cupying the distance between the first and third lateral furrow. Anterior
branch of the facial suture, at first directed a little outward, in the main fol-
lowing the axial furrows; posterior branch at first curving obliquely forward
and outward, then turning bacwkard, at last cutting the outer margin at a
very acute angle. Thoracic axis about one-third the width of the segments,
limited by strong furrows and having a nearly semicircular section.

Dalmanitcs simricns sp. nov.

Pleurae strongly curved downward in the outer half, furnished with strong,
oblique grooves, and ending in points which are slightly bent up.

Test of the thorax covered with fine and close granulation, and the pos-
terior part of each ring with well developed tubercles.

Pygidium nearly semicircular, with the posterior border evenly rounded;
length three-fifths of breadth ; axis with deep axial furrows, conical, rather
convex, occupying four-fiftlis of the total length and three-tenths of the an-
terior margin ; disregarding the anterior half ring, the axis having eight dis-
tinct rings, separated by broad and deep furrows ; sides convex, with seven
ribs, all of which are well marked, and with an oblique median furrow de-
sisting inside the flat limb; posterior portion of the foregoing segment some-
what elevated above the anterior portion of the following one ; axis and sides
provided with tubercles which, on the rings, as well as on the lateral lobes,
are arranged almost like a string of pearls ; granulation quite missing in the
furrows, more marked on the posterior than on the anterior portion of each
segment. Hypostoma about as long as wide, transversely slightly convex.
Anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin somewhat parabolic ;
centrum bounded posteriorly by a shallow furrow at the ends of which the
maculae are placed, these being directed obliquely forward and outward.

Gottlands Silurstratigrafi. — Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser.

C. No. 305. 1921. pp. 100. map.

Gives table of the fossils of Gotland, pp. 88-100.

Hennig, E. Neue Phyllocariden und Isopoden aus rheinischen I'nter
Devon. — Zeitschr. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., Vol. 72. Monatsh., p. 292,
1921.

Herrmann, Fritz. Berichte iiber die Versammlungen des niederrhein-
ishen geologischen Vereins ; beziehungsweise Sitzungsberichte D,
beigeheftet den Abhandlungen des Naturhisttorischen Vereins der
preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens. Bonn. 1907; 64 Jahrgang. —
Neue Fossilfunde in Hessen, von F. Herrman, (Marburg), p. 40.

Bei Hermershausen, unweit Marburg, fanden sich in Kalkknellen, die
anstehend zwar nicht bekannt sind, die wir aber nach der in ihnen enthaltenen
Fauna als Einlagerungen in den Wissenbacher Schicfern vom ungefahren
Alter des Ballersbacher Kalkes auffassen miissen. zahlreiche Pygidien und
Kopfschilder des bekannten Trimerocephalns micromma A. Rom., Phacops
fiigitk'us Barr.

Interessant ist dieses Vorkommen einmal wegen der lokalen Haufung diese
sonst nur vereinzelt in den Schiefern, ganz selten aber in den Kalkeinlager-
ungen (Laddekenthal, Leun) auftretenden Trilobiten. dann aber auch bes-
onders aus den Grunde, dass wir hier zum ersten Male eine Menge gut
erhaltener Pygidien dieser sonst nur nach ihren Kopfschildern bestimmten
Art vor uns haben.

Die einzige erwahnenswerte Abbildung eines Pygidiums findet sich bei
Barrande (Syst. sil. I Suppl. Taf. IX, fig. 2), stellt jedoch nur einen Steinkern
dar. Das Pygidium zeichnet sich nun durch starkes zuriicktreten der Seg-
mentation aus, der art, dass auf der Oberfliiche meist iiberhaupt nichts mehr
davon zu bemcrken ist und ein Habitus zu Stande kommt, der allerdings sehr
an den der untersilurischen Asaphiden (Z. d. D. g. G. 1906, Monatsberichte, p.
213, p. 41) erinnert. Hingegen ist auf der Unterseite der Schale sowic auf

28 San Diego Society of Natural History

Herrmann, Fritz. — Continued.

dam Steinken eine schwache, aber deutliche Segmentation verhanden,
entsprechend derjenigen, die wir au£ der erwahnten Barrandeschen Abbildung
wahrnehmen.

Trimerocephalus micromma gilt seit langer Zeit als Leitfossil der Wissen-
bacher Schiefer. Ich vermute, dass alle die schwach oder kaum gerippten
Pygidien, die sich in diesen Schichten finden hierher zu rechnen sind. Ein
Vergleich mit den sonst noch auftretenden Phacopiden aus der Gruppe des
Ph. fccundns, (fecundus, hreviceps, zorgensis, etc.) die sich samtlich durch
ganz grob geripte, z. Tl. auch granulirte Pygidien auszeichnen, last eine
Verwechslung mit den Pygidien von Trim, micromma selbst bei weitgehender
Verdriickung oder Auswalzung ausgeschlossen erscheinen.

Trim, micromma ist demnach nicht nur in seinen Kopfschildresten, sondern
auch in seinen Pygidien bei der allgemeinen Fossilarmut der Wissenbacher
Schiefer ein brauchbares Leitfossil, das bereits in weitentfernten Gebieten
(Catalonein, Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Harz, Thiiringen, Bohmen) in
aquivalenten Schichten (Stufe des Ballersbacher Kalkes) gefunden worden ist.

Ueber das Palaozoicum am Ostrande des Rheinischen Schief-

ergebirges. — Jahrb. des Nassauischen Vereins fiir Nat. in Wiesbaden,
64 Jahrg. 19il, pp. 1-49, plates 3.

Crustacea, pp. 27-34.

Trimerocephalus micromma A. Roemer, p. 27, pi. 2, figs. la-c.

Phacops kayseri sp. nov., p. 29, pi. 1, fig. 5; pi. 2, figs. 2a-c.

Chcirnrus gibhus Beyrich, p. 30, pi. 2, fig. 3.

Cyphaspis hydrocephala A. Roemer, p. 30, pi. 2, fig. 4; C. coronata Barr.,
p. 31, pi. 2, fig. 5.

Proetiis off. dormitans Richt., p. 32, pi. 2, fig. 6; Proetus sp., p. 22), pi. 2, fig. 7.

Entomis sp., p. 34.

Das hercynische Unterdevon bei Marburg a. L. — Jahrb. der

.Konigl. Preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt fiir 1912, Bd. XXXIII, Theil 1,
Heft 2, pp. 305-395, plates 18-23, with Geological Map.

Crustacea.

Kalkige Grauwacke.

Phacops fecundus major Barr., p. 321.

Dalmanites cf. tiibercnlatus A. Roem., p. 321.

Proetus eremita Barr., p. 222.

Brant eus sp., p. 323.

Kalk mit Rliynclwnella princeps.

Phacops fecundus major Barr., p. 343, pi. 20, figs, la, b.

Dalmanites (Odontochile) tiibercnlatus A. Roem., p. 344, pi. 20, fig. 2a, b.

Cyphaspis hydrocephala A. Roem., p. 345, pi. 20, figs. 3a, b.

Acidaspis cf. glabrata A. Roem., p. 343.

Proetus marbiirgensis sp. nov., p. 346, pi. 20, figs. 4a, b.

Schonauer Kalk. — Knollenschiefer.

Phacops St ember gi Corda, p. 359, pi. 22, fig. 1 ; P. intermedins Barr., p. 360,
pi. 22, figs. 2, 3; P. zorgensis Kayser, p. 361, pi. 22, figs. 4a, b; P. bronni Barr.,
p. 361, pi. 22, fig. 5.

Trimerocephalus afj. micromma A. Roem., p. 362, pi. 22, figs. 6, 7; T. sp.,
p. 362.

Cheiriirus (Crotaloccphalus) cf. gibbus Beyrich, p. 363, pi. 22, fig. 14.
Lichas sexlobatus A. Roem., p. 363, pi. 22, fig. 9.

Proetus lepidus Barr., p. 365, pi. 22, figs. 10-11; P. sp., p. 366, pi. 22, fig. 12.
Dalmanites (Odontochile) cf. reussi Barr., p. 366, pi. 22, fig. 13.

Bibliography of Pal.€ozoic Crustacea 29

Neue Fossilfunde in Hessen (Silurian Trilobites). — Sitz. naturh.

Ver. Preuss. Rheinl., 1907, pp. 40-41, 1908.

HoLUB, K. Ueber eine neue Fauna des Untersilurs in der Umgebung
von Rokvcanv und Nachtrage. — Bull. Internat. Acad, des Sciences de
Boheme,' 1911 and 1912.

Holm, G. Kinnekulle Des Geologi och den Tekniska Anvandningen af
dess Bercarter. — Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser. C, No. 172, 1901.

Illustrates Agnostus parvifrons Linrs. ; A. laevigatus Dalm.; A. pisifonnis
Linne.

Leperditia priinordialis Linrs.

Sphaerophihahniis alatiis Boeck.

Peltura scarabaeoides Wahl.

Ceratopyge forficula Sars.

Etiloma ornatum Ang.

Niohe ins'ignis Linrs.

Pj'gidium of Megalaspis linibata Boeck; M. hcros Dalm.

Cliasmops sp.

Bcyrichia costata Salter.

CryptolitJins -wahlenhergi Rouault.

Pygidium of HomalonoUis platynotus Dalm.

Dalmanites mucronatiis Brogn.

HoLTEDAHL, Dr. Olaf. The Cambrian-Ordovician Beds of Bach Penin-
sula and the Neighboring Ellesmere Land.— Videnskabs-Selskabet of
Kristiania, 1913, No. 28, of the Report on the Second Norwegian
Arctic Expedition in the Fram, 1898-1902.

Dr. Holtedahl figures a cranidium and a free cheek and pygidium as Ptycho-
paria sp. from Cape Camperdown.

From the Orthoceras limestone of Cape Victoria Head Dr. Holtedahl figures
a cranidium of another Ptychopyge and a cranidium of Illaenurus, also a
Bathyiirisciis with a figure of a pygidium.

From Norman Lockyer Island, about eight miles directly north of Victoria
Head, Dr. Holtedahl lists, with other fossils, Thaleops ovatiis Conrad.

On the Fossil Fauna as from Pere Schei's Series B in South-
western Ellesmere Land. — Videnskabs-Selskabet of Kristiania, 1914,
No. 32 of the Report on the Second Norwegian Arctic Expedition in
the Fram, 1898-1902.

Dr. Holtedahl lists three Niagaran species and Ccraunis sp.

Ueber einige Norwegischen Oleniden. — Norsk. Geol. Tidsskr.,

Vol. 2, 1910, pp. 1-24, plates 1-3.

Paraboliiia spimilosa, pi. 2, fig. 13.

Leptoplastus ovatus, p. 8, pi. 1, figs. 4-9; L. broggcri sp. nov. ; L. explanatiis
sp. nov. ; L. longispinus sp. nov.

Peltura praecursor, p. 14, pi. 2, figs. 1-10.

Eurycare norvegicum sp. nov.

HoLZAPFEL, E. Das Obere Mitteldevon (Schichten mit Stringoccphahis
burtini und Macneccras tcrchraturn) im Rheinischen Gebirge. —
Abhandl. der Koniglich Preuss, Geol. Landesanstalt, N. F., Heft
16, 1895.

Crustacea.

Trilobita :

30 San Diego Society of Natural History

HoLZAPFEL, E. — Continued.

Bronteus iiovaki sp. nov., p. 10, pi. 2, figs. 11-14; B. sp.; B. granulatus
Goldf., p. 13, pi. 13, figs. 5-10; pi. 16, fig. 18.

Phacops koeneni sp. nov., p. 16, pi. 2, figs. 8-10; P. breviceps, p. 18, pi. 12,
figs. 10, 14; P. hatracheus Whidb., p. 20, pi. 3, fig. 13; P. latissinms sp. nov.,
p. 21, pi. 3, fig. 14; P. hyla sp. nov., p. 21, pi. 3, fig. 12.

Cheiruriis sternbergi Boeck, p. 22, pi. 1, figs. 2-4; pi. 2, figs. 15, 16; pi. 3,
figs. 1-10; pi. 12, fig. 15.

The author refers the following species to the synonymy of this species :

Ch. niyops Roemer, 1850, Ch. gibbus Sandberger, 1856. Cli. articidatiis Salter,
1864, Ch. myops Holz., 1882, and Ch. peugcUii Whidborne, 1889.

Lichas decheni sp. nov., p. 30, pi. 5, fig. 5; pi. 17, figs. 17, 18, 20; L. araneiis
sp. nov., p. 2)2, pi. 3, fig. 11; p. 13, figs. 1-3, 16.

Proetiis crassirhachis A. Roemer, p. 35, p. 1, figs. 6, 8, pi. 2, fig. 22; P.
qitadratus Maurer, p. 35, pi. 12, fig. 9; P. crassimargo Roem., p. 36, pi. 1, figs.
7-9, 18; pi. 2, figs. 22, 25; P. suborbitatiis sp. nov. p. 38, pi. 13, figs. 13, 14, 17-
19; P. of. astyaiiax Corda, p. 40, pi. 13, fig. 1.

Cyphaspis convexa Corda, p. 40, pi. 2, fig. 6; C. ccrberus Barr., p. 42, pi. 2,
figs. 5, ?21.

Arethusina kayseri sp. nov., p. 43, pi. 2, fig. 7; A. beyrichi Novak, p. 44.

Harpes socialis sp. nov., p. 45, pi. 1, fig. 1; pi. 2, figs. 1, 3; H. cf. macro-
cephalus Golf. p. 47.

Ostracoda :

Aristozoc sp., p. 48, pi. 13, fig. 22.

Hubbard, G. D. See Stauffer, Clinton B.

HuNEFELD, F. L. Chemische Untersuchung der Deckelitheile der En-
tomostraciten Trilobiten. — Schweigger's Journal, 1831, and Isis.

Jaekel, O. Ueber einen neuen Phyllocariden aus dem Unterdevon der
Bundenbacher, Dachschiefer. — Zeitscher, Deutsch Geol. Ges., Vol.
72, 1921, pp. 290-292, fig.

Jarosz, J. Fauna des Kohlenkalk in der Umgebung von Krakan, ler.
Theil, Trilobiten. — Bull. Intern. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, 1909, pp. 371-
384, PI. XL

Julien, a. Le Terrain Carbonifere Marin de la France Centrale. —
Paris, 1896, pp. I-XXIV, 1-304, Figs, in text, plates I-XVII.

Katzer, F. Entgegnung auf Herrn Dr. J. F. Pompeckj's Bemerkungen
in diesen Verhandlungen {Ellipsoccphalus gcnncri). — Verb. K. K.
Geol. Reichsanst, 1900, p. 370.

Kayser, E. Devonfossilien vom Bosporus und von der Nordkiiste des
Marmara-Meeres. — Beitrage zur Palaeont. Oest-Ung. 12, Heft 1,
1898.

Kegel, Wilhelm. Der Taunusquarzit von Katzenelnbogen. — Abhandl.
der Koniglich preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt, N. F., Heft 76, 1913, pp.
1-162, with 6 plates.

Trilobita:

Homalonotiis (Digo)ius) rlicnanus Koch, p. 27, pi. 2, fig. 2; H. (Digo>ius)

aff. gigas F. A. Roem., p. 28, pi. 2, fig. 3; H. ornatiis Koch, p. 30, pi. 2, fig.
4; H sp., p. 31, pi. 2, fig. 5.

Cryphacns drcvermauni Richter, p. 32, pi. 6, fig. 2; C. richteri sp. nov., p.
Zi, pi. 2, fig. 7; C. sp., p. 34, pi. 2, fig. 8; C. interincdiiis sp. nov., p. 36, pi. 2,
fig. 9.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 31

Ostracoda :

Klocdcnia kayscri sp. nov., p. 38, pi. 2, fig. 10.

Beyrichia nassoviensis sp. nov., p. 39. pi. 2, fig. 1 ; B. roemeri Kayser, p. 40,
pi. 2, fig. 12.

Kerforne, F. Le Niveau a Trinuclcus hurcani dans le Massif Armori-
cain et en particulier dans la Presqu'ile de Crozon. — Bull. Soc. Sci.
N. Med. Quest Rennes, Vol. 4, 1895, p. 248-250.

Description de Trois Nouveau Trilobites de I'Ordovicien de

Bretagne.— Bull. Sci. Geol. France, Ser. 3, Vol. 29, 1890, pp. 783-
791, pl. 13.

KiAER, — The Lower Cambrian Holmia Fauna at T0mten in Norway. —
Kristiania, 1919, 4 to 14 plates.

King, W. B. R. Sedgwick Museum Notes : Notes on the Genus Sphacro-
coryphc. —Geol. Mag., Vol. 57. 1920, pp. 532-534, plate 13.

Sphaerocoryphe thompsoni Reed.

The author remarks :

A study of the hypostoma of StmiroccphaUis confirms the view that it should
be removed from the Cheiruridac, but it does not seem to indicate that it
should be put into the Encrinuridae, unless it branched off from some very
early form before the characteristic frontal tongue was developed.

The hypostoma of Sphaerocoryphe thompsoni is similar in type to tlie
typical Cheirurid hypostoma, such as C. bimncronatus. In Deiphon there is
tile same central spherical raised portion separated by the marked groove
from the raised marginal ring. The hypostoma of Sphaerocoryphe thompsoni
is slightly smaller than the swollen frontal part of the glabella, the general
outline is square, formed of a large central, raised elliptical portion, sur-
rounded by a deep, wide groove and raised narrow margin. At the lateral
extremity of the frontal ridge the groove reaches the margin of the hypostoma,
thus forming a break in the raised marginal ring. This also makes two notches
in the general square outline. The lateral margins are raised and thickened.
The central part of the posterior border is bent slightly towards the center
of the hypostoma. There are indications of a small pit in the groove oppo-
site the posterior edge of the notch. Surface finely granulated.

KiTTL, Ernst. Geologic der Umgebung von Sarajevo. — Abd. Johrbuche

der K. K. Geol. Reichsanstalt, Bd.^53, Heft 4, 1903.

Phillipsia bittneri sp. nov., p. 680, pl. 21, figs. 30-32.

Kittle gives this new name for Bittner's Phillipsia sp., Jahrb. der k. k. Geol.
R. A., p. 365. 1880.

A somewhat similar form to the new species is Proetns posthumns Richter,
1864, from the Culm beds of Thuringia.

Kloucek, Celda. Nalez Trilobitii vd/1 a.— Zvlastni otisk Z. vestniku

Krai. Ceske Spolecnosti Nauk. U., pp. 1-5, Praze. 1914.

Resume en allemaud Trilobitenfund in d/1 a Prage, 1914.
The author announces the discovery in the Southeast of Bohemia, environs
of St. Benigna, of a fauna of Trilobites belonging to the families Olenidae,
Asaphidae and Cheiruridae.

Ueber den Geologischen Horizont des Erzlagers bei Karyzek. —

Bull. Internat. Acad. Sci. de Boheme, 1913. pp. 1-5, plate.

Illaenus perneri sp. nov. Remarkable for the subtrapezoidal form of its
pygidium.

32 San Diego Society of Natural History

Kloucek, Celda. — Continued.

Ueber die d/1 Schichten und ihre Trilobitenfauna. — Bull. In-

ternat. Acad. Sci. de Boheme, 1916, pp. 1-16, plate.

The author mentions that certain forms have affinities with Cambrian
genera. Dicellocephalus {Dicellocephalina) bohemica reappears in d/1.

The new genus and species are hsted in Novak & Perner's paper, 1918.

Trilobiten in d. y. a. p. 8.

Aeglina prisca Barr., p. 9; Ae. prisca synophthalma Klou., p. 9; Ae.
princeps praecedens Klou., p. 9; Ae. kossleri Holub, sp. nov., p. 9; Ae. ber-
geroni Novak, p. 9.

Bohemilla stupenda praecedens Klou., p. 10.

Dalmanites atavus Barr., p. 10; D. barroisi Novak, p. 10.

Dikelocephalina {Dicellocephalus) bohemica Novak p. 10.

Dionide prima Klou.

Holometopus (Illaenus) bohemicus Barr., p. 11.

Barrandia bohemica Novak, p. 11.

Bumasttis aviis Holub, p. 11; B. pragensis Klou.

Illaenus cf. advena Barr., p. 11.

Agnostus iullbergi Novak, p. 12; A. perriigatus caducus Barr., p. 12.

Trilobiten in d/1 y b.

Aeglina speciosa synophthalma Klou., p. 13; Ae. princeps Barr., p. 13, plate,
fig. 7; Ae. prisca loiigicephala Klou., p. 13; Ae. monophthalma Klou., p. 13,
plate, fig. 4.

Ampyx sp. nov., p. 14.

Placoparia zippei tumida Klou., p. 14.

Platypeltis ? longicauda Klou., p. 14.

Bohemilla stupenda Barr., p. 14, plate, fig. 10.

Trinucleus bucklandi praecedens Klou., p. 14.

Dalmanites oriens niytoensis Klou., p. 15; D. atavus novaki Klou., p. 15.

Illaenus perneri? glabra Klou., p. 15.

Sarkia bohemica Klou., gen. nov. et sp. nov.

Le genre Bohemilla Barrande. — Bull. Internat. Acad. Sci. de

Boheme, 1920.

Bohemilla stupenda Barr., fig. in text.

The author remarks that there is as much difference between Aeglina and

Bohemilla as there is between Aeglina and Telephus. He gives a table show-
ing these differences.

Knod, Rein hold. Devonische Faunen Boliviens. — Neues Jahrb. fur Min.

Beil, Bd. 25, 1908, pp. 493-600, pi. 21-31.

Trilobita :

Acaste acutilobata sp. nov., p. 497, pi. 21. figs. 5, 5b, pi. 31, fig. 5; A. con-
vexa Ulrich, p. 499, pi. 21, fig. 4.

Dalmanites clarkei Ulrich, p. 500; D. maccurua Clarke, p. 500, pi. 21, fig. 3.

Cryphacus giganteus Ulrich, p. 501, pi. 21, fig. 2.

Phacops sp., p. 501 ; Homalonotus kayseri Thomas, p. 502.

Ostracoda :

Beyrichia argentina Thomas, p. 502.

Knod, R. von, and Stein mann, — . Beitrage zur Geologie und Pal-
aeontologie Siidamerikas. Neues Jahrb. fiir Min., Vol. 25, 1908, p.
493-600, pi. 21-31.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 33

KoENEN, A. VON. The Culm Fauna from Herborn. — Neues Jahrb. fiir.

Mill. Geol. Palaeont.. 1879, p. 309, plates 2.

Dr. Koenen gives descriptions, but does not figure Phillipsia aequalis H. von
Meyer or P. latispinosa Sandberger.

The author (p. 312) places Richter's Proctus posthunius with von Meyer's
species Phillipsia aequalis and observes "As von Meyer expressly says that
the glabella is reduced in front, there is no doubt that Burmeister was in
error in figuring as this species a form with a club-shaped glabella."

Woodward remarks that Emmrich's restored figure does not give a good
representation of the species, the cephalon is too long, the eyes placed too far
in front, and the glabella too slightly reduced in front.

Kayser, and also Leyh, refer Phillipsia latispinosa Sandb. to P. aequalis.
Leyh's figure, pi. 17, fig. 3, of P. aequalis has the genal angles of the cephalon
extended in somewhat long spines.

Ueber die Organization der Trilobiten. — Verhandl. d. Nat. Ver.

d. Preussreindl. &c.. Vol. 29. 1872. pp. 93-95.

Unterseite Trilobiten. — Neues Jahrb. f. Min., Bd. 1, 1880 pp.

430-432, pi. 8.

KozLOwsKi, R. Fossiles Devoniens de I'Etat de Parana (Bresil). — Ann,
Paleont., Paris. Vol. 8, 1913, pp. 105-123, pi. XI-XIIL

Lake, Philip. A Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites. —

Palaeontographical Soc, 1917; Part V, 1919, pp. 89-120, pi. 11-14.

Crustacea :

Ctenopyge directa sp. nov.

Leptoplastus salteri (Callaway). This is the Conocoryphe salteri of Calla-
way, 1874, p. 196.

Eurycare sp.

Peltura scarahaeoides (Wahl.) ; P. punctata C. & S. ; F. olenoides (Salter).

Beltella gen. nov., Genotype B. depressa (Salter).

Cephalon semicircular, with broad margin, genal angles produced into spines.
Glabella quadrate or conical, truncate or rounded in front, separated from the
marginal furrow by a frontal limb as wide as, or wider htan the margin ;
outer surface of the test of the glabella probably devoid of furrows, but the
internal casts usually showing two pairs, the posterior pair being very oblique
and nearly reaching the occipital furrow.

Facial suture starting at the outer edge of the anterior margin, close to the
middle line, and running very obliquely outward across the margin ; from the
inner edge of the margin passing inward to the eye and thence outward to the
posterior margin, cutting it well within the genal angle.

Thorax, 12 segments.

Pleurae, outer part bent down and faceted ; in the anterior segments the
terminations appearing to be rounded or bluntly pointed; in the later seg-
ments falcated or spined.

Pygidium small and entire.

The eyes of Beltella are placed farther forward than in Loganelliis,

Liostracus or Ptychoparia, and the ocular ridge is much less distinct.

Protypus hitchcocki (Whitfield) shows many points of resemblance to
B. depressa. The general shape is similar, the glabellar furrows are obsolete,
the number of thoracic segments is the same, the pleural grooves are of the
same character and the tail is small and entire. But the ocular ridge is much
more strongly marked, and the facial suture is describbed as cutting the
margin at right angles. The divergent course of the anterior branches of the
facial suture distinguishes Beltella from all the other genera of Olenidae,
.rensu lato, except Parabolinella.

34 San Diego Society of Natural History

Lake, Philip — Continued.

Beltella hucephala (Belt) ; B. varisimilis (Salter).

Parabolinella simplex (Salter)

Angelina sedgwicki (Salter).

Dikclocephalus discoidalis Salter; D. cclticus Salter.

Dikclocephalitia furca (Salter).

Apatokephalus.

The Limbs of Trilobites.— Knowledge. Vol. XIX, 1896, p. 68.

Lamansky, W. Die Aeltesten Silurischen Schichten Russlands, Etage
B. — Memoires du Comite Geologique Nouvelle, Serie Livr. 20, 1905.

Trilobita :

Asaphns lepidnrus and Megalaspis gibba, p. 58, B/y.

Asaphus cxpansus and A. lamanskyi, p 56, B/a.

Asapliiis raniceps, p. 58, B/3, b.

Asaphus eiclrcvaldi and Ptychopyge globifrons, p. 59, B/3, y.

Asaphus, sensu stricto, p. 61.

Asaphus priscus sp. nov., p. 61.

AsapJius broggeri; A. lepidnrus; A. expansus; A. lamanskyi; p. 62.

Asaphus acuminatus; A. raniceps; A. major; A. eichwaldi; p. 63.

Onchometopus volborthi; O. schmidti sp. nov., pi. 1, fig. 4; O. stacyi; p. 63.

Nileus armadillo; Niobe lacviceps; N. linnarssoni; N. frontalis; N. emar-
ginula; Psendasaphus globifrons; P. tccticaudatus; Ptychopyge angustifrons;
p. 65.

Ptychopyge ivolirnianni, p. 67.

Ptychopyge inostrancewi sp. nov., pi. 1, fig. 5.

Megalaspis leuchtenbergi sp. nov., pi. 1, fig. 2.

Megalaspis pogrebowi, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Illaenus esniarckii; I. laticlavus ; I. ladogensis ; I. centrotus; p. 67.

Pterygometopus selerops; P. trigonocephalns ; Cheirurus ornatus; C. in
gricus; Cyrtometopiis clavifrons ; C. affinis; p. 68.

Cyrtometopus cf. aries; C. gibbus; C. tumidits; Amphion fischeri; A.
brevicapitatus sp. nov., B/3/by; Cybele bellatula gcnuina; p. 69.

Metopias cclorrhina, and var. coniceps; M. pachyrrhina; M. verrucosa;
Harpcs spaskii; Remopleuridcs navAis ; Anipyx linnarssoni; A. nasutus; A.
volborthi; p. 70.

Triarthrus angelini Linrs., pi. 1, fig. 1.

Lankester, E. Ray. Extinct Animals. London, 1905, pp. I-XXII, 1-
331, 292 Illustrations.

Lankester associated the Trilobites with the Meostomata in the Arachnida.

La Touche, J. D. Handbook on the Geology of Shropshire. — London,
1884, with 21 plates.

Order Trilobita, pp. 37-41.

Fam. 1. Remopleuridae, Remopleuridcs sp., pi. 3, fig. 57, Caradoc.

Fam. 2. Olenidae, Olenits salteri, pi. 1, fig. 7; O. triarthrus, pi. 1, fig. 6,
Longmynd.

Fam. 3. Conocephalidae, Conocoryphe monilc, pi. 1, fig. 9, Longmynd.

Fam. 4. Phacopidae, Phacops caudatus, pi. 10, fig. 249; P. longicaudatiis,
pi. 10, fig. 250; P. downingiae, pi. 10, fig. 246, Wenlock.

Phacops macrourus, pi. 3, fig. 66; P. apiculatus, pi. 3, fig. 67, Caradoc.

Fam. 5. Calvmenidae, Calymene blumenbachii, pi. 10, fig. 242; C. tubercu-
losa, pi. 10, fig. '243, Wenlock.

Bibliography of Pal.«ozoic Crustacea 35

Calymcitc parvifraiis, pi. 1, fig. 22, Trcmadoc

Calymcnc camhrcnsis, pi. 2, fig. 40, Landcilo.

Calymene caractaci, pi. 3, fig. 61. Caradoc.

HomalonotHS dclphinoccphahis. pi. 10, fig. 250, Wenlock.

Homaloiiotiis hnighti, pi. 17, fig. 556, Ludlow.

HomalonotHS hisiilcatus, pi. 3, fig. 62, Caradoc.

Fam. 6. Proctidae, Proctus stokcsii, pi. 10, fig. 257; P. latifrous, pi. 10,
fig. 258, Wenlock.

Genus Cypliaspis.

Genus F'hillipsia, Phillipsia scminifcra, pi. 20, fig. 714, Carboniferous.

Fam. 7. Lichadae, Lichas anglicus, pi. 10, fig. 259, Wenlock.

Lichas laxatus, pi. 3, fig. 63, Caradoc.

Fam. 8. Acidaspidac, Acidaspis barraiidci, pi. 10, fig. 2Z7 ; A. brightii, pi.
10, fig. 239-241, W^enlock.

Acidaspis caractci, pi 3, fig. 64, Caradoc.

Fam. 9. Trinucleidae, Triuuclcus lloydii, pi. 2, fig. 32; T. gihhsii, pi. 2, fig. 33,
Are nig.

Triuuclcus >uurctiisoiii, pi. 1, fig. 19, Tremadoc.

Triuuclcus concentricus, pi. 3, fig. 55, Caradoc.

Genus Ampyx nudus, pi. 2, fig. 35; A. saltcri, pi. 2. fig. 34, Arenig.

Ampyx pciniatits Salt. Mss., pi. 3, fig. 56, Caradoc.

Fam. 10. Asaphidae, Asaphus homjrayi, pi. 1, fig. 10; A. crofftii, pi. 1,
fig. 11, Longmynd.

Asaphus tyrraiius, pi. 2, fig. 38, Arenig.

Asapluts pozvisii, pi. 3, fig. 59, Caradoc.

Genus Ogygia buchii, pi. 2. fig. 39, Llandeilo.

Ogygia sclwynii, pi. 1, fig. 21, Tremadoc.

Fam. 11. Illaenidae, Illaciins davisii, pi. 3, fig. 58, Caradoc.

Illaeniis ncxilis, pi. 10, fig. 261; /. insignis, pi. 10, fig. 262; /. barricnsis, pi.
10, fig. 268, W^enloc.k

Illaenus perovalis, pi. 2, fig. 36, Arenig.

Illaenus bowmani, pi. 5, fig. 110; /. thompsoni, pi. 5, fig. 112, Llandovery.

Fam. 12. Aeglinidae, Acglina binodosa, pi. 1, fig. 20, Tremadoc.

Aeglina mirabilis, pi. 2, fig. 37, Arenig.

Fam. 13. Cheiruridae, Cheirurus biimtcronatus, pi. 6. fig. 113, Llandovery.

Chcirurns scdgwicki, pi. 2, fig. 41, Arenig.

Genus Sphacrexochus minis, pi. 10, fig. 254-256, Wenlock.

Fam. 14. Encrinuridae, Encriimrus punctatus, pi. 6, fig. 114, 115, Llandovery.

Encrinurus variolaris, pi. 10, fig. 253, Wenlock.

Genus Cybele verrucosa, pi. 3, fig. 60, Caradoc.

Fam. 15. Agnostidae, Agnostus dux, Longmynd.

Agnostus mccoyi, pi. 2, fig. 31, Arenig.

Lichapyge cuspidata, pi. 1, fig. 12, Longmynd.

Conophrys salopioiis pi. 1, fig. 8, Longmynd, (referred to Sliumardia).

Ostracoda;

Genus Lepcrditia gracilcuta, pi. 22, fig. 801-804.

Genus Beyrichia complicata, pi. 3. fig. 54, Caradoc.
Bcyrichia klocdcni, pi. 10, fig. 238, W'enlock.

Eurypteridae, Euryptcrus acumiuatns, pi. 17, fig. 558, Ludlow.

Eurypterus linearis, pi. 17, fig. 559; E. megalops, pi. 17, fig. 560; E.
brodici, pi. 17, fig. 566; E. p\ginaeus, pi. 17, fig! 557; E. sxmondsii. pi 17,
fig. 561.

Pterygotiis ludensis, pi. 17, fig. 567, Ludlow.

Pterygotus problematicus, pi. 17, fig. 588; Pterygotus, pi. 21, fig. 823.

36 San Diego Society of Natural History

La Touche, J. D. — Continued.

Stylonums.
Suborder Xiphosurus.

Hemiaspis limnloides, pi. 17, fig. 569-570; H. salwcyi, pi. 22, fig. 807; H.
limtiloides optatus, pL 17, fig. 569, Ludlow.
Phyllopoda.
Hymenocaris.

The carapace which covers the fore part of the body is not apparently
bivalved, and is somewhat triangular. There are nine segments of the body
and the last bears three spiked appendages, setae.

Ceratiocaris pardoensis, pi. 17, fig. 563, Ludlow.

Ceratiocaris sp., pi. 17, fig. 564; C. vnirchisont, pi. 17, fig. 565; C. leptodac-

tyhis, pi. 17, fig. 566; C. (Physocaris) vesica, pi. 22, fig. 816.

Laurie, M. A Reconstruction Trilobite. — Nature, Vol. 38, p. 26.

Leriche, M. La Faune du Gedinnien, Intcrieure de I'Ardenne. — Mem.
Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg.. Vol. 6, 1912, pp. 1-58, figs. 1-3.
Ostracoda :

Primitia jonesi De Koninck, p. 42, pi. 3, figs. 4-6.
Beyrichia kloedeni McCoy; B. sp., p. 44, pi. 3, fig. 8.
Ordre des Trilobites :

Homalonottis roemeri De Koninck, p. 45, pi. 3, figs. 10-12.
Acaste downingiae Murch., p. 47, pi. 3, figs. 8, 9, fig. 4 in text.

Leriche, M. See Gosselet, J. A. A.

LiEBER, Hugo. Beitrage zur Geol. eds Reinberggebietes bei Marburg. —

Palaeont. Abschnitt, iiberarbeitet durch E. Huffner, 1917, pp. 98,

plates 12.

Trilobita :

Proetiis (aff.) dormitans Richt., p. 54; P. eremita Barr., p. 55, pi. 6, fig. 6;
P. waldschmidti Novak, p. 55, pi. 6, fig. 4; P. sp.

Phaetoncllus planicauda Barr., p. 56.

Tropidocoryphe filicostata Novak, p. 56, pi. 8, fig. 10.

Cyphaspis hydro cephala A. Roem., p. 57.

Phacops fecundus major Barr., p. 57, pi. 8, fig. 7; P. hreviceps Barr., p. 58,
pi. 7, figs. 1, lb.

Harpcs sp., p. 58, pi. 6, fig. 7.

Acidaspis pigra Barr., p. 59, pi. 6, fig. 5 ; A. hoernesi Barr., p. 59, pi. 8, fig. 9.

Bronteiis dormitzeri Barr., p. 60, pi. 6, fig. 8; B. granulatus Goldf., p. 60,
fig. 2.

Thysanopeltis speciosus Corda, p. 60, pi. 8, fig. 8.

LoczY, VON L. Beschreibung d. foss. Saugethier, Trilobiten und Mol-
lusken-Reste u. d. Palaeont. Stratigraph. — Resultate d. Graften B.
Szechenyi en Ostasien. Bidazy, 1898, 11 plates, 22 figures.

LuDWiG, Rudolph. Dithyrocaris aus dem Rheinischen Devon-Gebirge. —
Palaeontogr., Bd. XI, pp. 309-310, pi. 50.
Dithyrocaris kochi sp. nov. ; D. hreviaculeata sp. nov.

Devonischen Versteinerungen von Lagoinha in Matto Grosso,

Brasil. — Zeitschr. d. Ges. fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin, Vol. 38, pp. 1-15.

Bibliography of Pal^^ozoic Crustacea 37

Mailleux, Eugene. Quelques Notes siir les Trilobites du Couvinien des

Environs de Couvin. — Proc. Verb. See. Beige de Geologic, Tome

XVII, p. 579.

The author gives a list of the Trilobites of the Devonian of Couvin with
figures and description of a new species, Proetus harroisi. This species has
been referred to the genus Tropidocoryphe by Rud. & E. Richter, 1919, p. 26,
fig. 2, a figure of an entire specimen.

Note sur I'Hypostome de I'Homalonottis rhenanus Koch. —

Bull. Soc. Beige de Geol., Tome XXV, 1911, p. 113, fig. in text.

The author figures the hypostoma of Homalonotus rhenanus after Beuhau-
sen's fig. 6 from Oberstadtfeld. This form differs from that from Mormont
in having a much wider, more limited and flatter shape, and in other minor
differences. The fig. 2 of the Mormont hypostoma exhibits a forked form
characteristic of that of Homalonotus dekayi.

Sur deux Pygidia du Bronteus flabellifcr Goldfuss. — Bull. Soc.

Geol. Brux., Tome XXI, 1908, p. 2.55

Quelques Remarques sur la Faune du Hundsriicken Inferieure

du Bassin du Luxembourg. — Bull. Soc. Beige de Geol., Tome
XXVIII, 1914, pp. 77-79.

In addition to the list of Devonian Trilobites, the author notes the presence
of Lichas and Bronteus in the Hnndsriickien lower beds of Longlier.

M. Asselbergs's list included Homalonotus planus (Juseret), H. ornatus
(Martelange), H. cf. multicostatus (Warmifontaine), H. armatus? (Royvaux),
Phacops ferdinandif (Warmifontaine), Dalmania (Odontochile) cf. spinifera
(Martelange), Cryphoeus drevermanni (Royvaux), Proetus dispersus (Juseret).

Remarques sur la Faune Trilobitique de I'Assise des Schistes et

Calcaires a Calceola sandalina du BordSud du Bassin de Dinant.
Bull. Soc. Beige de Geol., Tome XXIX, 1919, pp. 52-55.
Gives a list of the Trilobites of the Devonian of this Basin.

The Palaeozoic Formation of the Southern Part of the Dinant

Basin.

List of Trilobites.

Ordovician Schistes de Mondrepuits.

Acaste downingiae ; Homalonotus roemeri.

Devonian Siegenian (corresponds approximately to the Siegenerschichten of
the Rhine).

Homalonottis crassicauda; Asteropyge laciniatus.

Assise de Hauffalize (Hundsruckian).

Homalonotus sp. ; Asteropyge laciniatus.

Emsian (Coblenzschichten of the Rhine).

Assise de Vireux (Lower Coblenzschichten).

Homalonotus cf. planus; H. rhenanus.

Assise de Hierges (Two horizons).

Homalonotus, Lower beds.

Homalonotus; Asteropyge laciniatus; Upper beds.

Eifelian or Middle Devonian.

Couvinian.

Assise du Bure.

Phacops schlotheimi; Acidaspis radiata; Lichas armatus; Asteropyge punc-
iatus.

Assise de Couvin.

38 San Diego Society of Natural History

Mailleux, Eugene. — Continued.

Phacops latifroits; P. schlotheimi; Asteropyge pnnctafns; Goldiiis flabellifer;
Proetus holzapfeli; P. cuvieri; Acidaspis radiafa; Eudechciiella verneuili;
Ceratarges armatiis ; Cyphaspis hydrocephala; Tropidocoryphe barroisi.

Givetian.

Phacops latifrons; Endechenella verneuili.

Assise de Frasnes.

Asteropyge sp. ; Cypliaspis sp.

Presence du Tropidocoryphe barroisi dans le Couvinien su-

perieure des Environs de Hotton. — Bull. Soc. Beige de Geol., de
Palaeont, &c., Vol. 31, 1921, pp. 22-23.

Mansuy, H. Fascicule II, Etude Geologique du Yun-Nan Oriental. —
Part 2, Palaeontologie, 1912.

Cambrian.

Ostracoda :

Bradoria douvillei sp. nov., p. 22, pi. 1, fig. 3; Ahitaf, p. 22, pi. 4, fig. 7; A^
orthozoe? p. 23, pi. 4, fig. 8.

Trilobita :

Redlichia chinensis Walcott, p. 24, pi. 1, fig. 10a, b; pi. 2, fig. la-j ; pi. 3, fig.
la, b; R. nobilis Walcott, p. 26, pi. 3, fig. 2; R. walcotti sp. nov., p. 26, pi. 3,
fig. 4a-h; R. carinata sp. nov., p. 27, pi. 3, fig. 5a-f ; R. sp.-p. 27, p!. 4, fig. 5.

Palaeoleniis gen. nov., p. 27.

The genus is allied to Olenns by the general form, by the direction of the
facial sutures, and by the number of thoracic segments ; but it is separated by
the rectangular form of the glabella and its dilated from in front.

Bathyuriscus armatiis Walcott has a similar glabella.

Palaeoleniis douvillei sp. nov., genotype, p. 29, pi. 3, fig. 6a-d ; pi. 4. fig. la-d;
P. lantcnoisi sp. nov., p. 29, pi. 4, fig. 2a-e ; P. dcprati sp. nov., p. 30, pi. 4, fig.
la, b.

Ptychoparia yunnanensis .sp. nov., p. 31, pi. 4, fig. 4a, b.

Merostoma :

Amiclla prisca sp. nov., p. 31, pi. 4, fig. 6.

Silurian.

Malacostraca :

Ceratocaris pierloti sp. nov. p. 36, pi. 6, fig. la, b.

Sinocaris gen. nov., p. 36.

Sinocaris asiatica sp. nov., p. 37, pi. 5, fig. 10a, b, S. barbagci sp. nov., p. 2>7,
pi. 5, fig. 11.

Trilobita :

Dionide fonnosa Barr., p. 37, pi. 6, fig. 2a, b.

Ostracoda :

Cythere sp.? p. 40, pi. 6, fig. 6.

Carboniferous, p. 85.

Proetus ellipticus sp nov., p. 85, pi. 16, fig. 2a-c.

This Proetus is characterized by a marked narrowing in the posterior part
and by the angulated form of the glabella, narrow in front ; in this it ap-
proaches slightly certain forms of Dechenella. The P\gidium of the new
species has a more Proetus form.

Resultats de la Mission Geologique et Miniere du Yunnan

meridional. Resultats paleontologiques. — Ann. des Mines, Mars,

Avril, 1907, p. 155.

Olenelliis (Mesonacis) verneaui sp. nov., from Lou-Fong-Ts'ouen et d'Yi-
Leang.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 39

An incomplete specimen referred to this genus because of its affinities with
the American form O. asaphoides Emmons.

jMarr. J. E. The Lower Palaeozoic Rocks of the Gautlev District,
(Yorkshire).— Abs. Proc. GeoL Soc, 1912-13, p. 14.— Quart. Jour.
GeoL Soc. Vol. 69,. 1913. pp. 1-17.
List of Palaeozoic Crustacea, not descriptive.

Mather, Kirtley F. See Wil.son, Alice E.

McLearn, F. II. Revision of Some P^hacopid Genera. — Ottawa Natural-
ist, Vol. 22. 1918, pp. 31-36.

In this monograph on the fauna of the Silurian Arisaig series, the author

has found it necessary to revise the interpretation of several Phacopid genera,

for the definitions now used are not considered to be in accordance with the

evolution of the Trilobite family; Dalmanitina Reed, FJuicopidcUa Reed, and

Phacops Emmrich, are redefined.

The equivalence of Acostc Goldfuss and Aoasie Salter are interpreted to
replace these genera by Dalmanitina and, in particular, Salter's use of Acaste.

Describes a new variety, Dalmanitina logaiii conservatrix.

Portlockia McCoy is revised and emended, with subgeneric rank, for the
ancestors of the Devonian Phacops, sensu stricto.
The generic name Glockcria Wedekind is found to be untenable.

Phacopina Clarke is not considered to be a true Phacopinid and is placed
in the sul)family Dalmanitinae.

The author used Galymoic stokcsii Milne Edwards for the genotype of the
subgenus Portlockia, including Tril. elegans Sars, Phacops orestcs Billings,
and a new species, Phacops {Portlockia) marlaiidcnsis.

The Silurian group of Phacops stokcsii is ancestral to the group of Phacops
latifrons from the Devonian, and diflfers from the latter by having the glabella
more depressed anteriorly, so as not to overhang the anterior margin.

The Silurian Arisaig Series of Arisaig. Nova Scotia. — Am.

Jour. Sci., Vol. 45, 1918. pp. 126-140.

Mentions Calymene intermedia antigonishensis, var. noA'.

Dabnauitina logaiii conservatrix var. nov.

This variety described in Ottawa Naturalist, May, 1918, p. 31.

MiQUEL, J. Essai sur le Cambrian de la Montague Noire.— Bull. Soc.
Geol. France, Ser. 4. 1905. pp. 465-483, figs, tin text, pi. XV.

Mitchell, John. The Carboniferous Trilobites of Australia. — Proc.
Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, Vol. 43, Part 3, Aug. 28, 1918, pp. 437-494,
plates 46-53.

The author gives a critical review of the Carboniferous Trilobites of Austra-
lia previouslv described bv AIcCov, De Koninck, Reed & Etheridge, jr., 1847-
1917.

Bracliymctopns strzelecki McCoy, 1847.

Phillipsia eichzcaldi DeKon., (non Fischer).

Under the name Griffithides (Phillipsia) cichzvaldi, de Koninck described
a trilobite from Colo Colo, New South Wales.

Mitchell referred it to G. convcxicaiidatus.

Phillippsia diihia Etheridge, Jr. (non Griffithides dubuis Etheridge, Sr.),
Geol & Pal. Queensland and New Guinea, 1892, p. 214-5, pi. 8, fig. 5; pi. 44,
fig. 4, Mitchell (pi. 44, fig. 4.) refers to Phillipsia rockhamptonensis, and, (pi.
8, fig. 5,) to Phillipsia stanvellensis.

Griffithides dnbiits Etheridge, Sr., Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 28, 1872, p.
338, pi. 18, fig. 7.

40 San Diego Society of Natural History

Mitchell, John. — Continued.

In the possession of ten or more segments in the thorax it resembles G.
sweeti and, certainly in this respect, is not a normal Griffithides or Phillipsia.

Phillipsia grandis Etheridge, jr., Geol. & Pal. Queensland and New Guinea,
1892, p. 215.

Geol. Sur. N. S. Wales, Pal., no. 5, pt. 2, 1892, text fig. 5, pi. 21, fig. 5.

Geol. Sur. Queensland, Publication no. 260, pp. 11, 12, pi. 3, fig. 3.

It is unfortunate that Etheridge placed these two forms specifically together.
They are quite different and described by Mitchell as Phillipsia? robusta sp.
nov. (Etheridge's text fig. 5,) and Phillipsia grandis, (Etheridge's pi. 21, fig. 5).

The name "grandis" is quite appropriate for either of the forms, because
their pj'gidia are larger than those of any other known form of Carboniferous
Trilobite.

Phillipsia woodwardi Etheridge, Geol. & Pal. Queensland & New Guinea,
1892, p. 215, pi. 6, fig. 11, 13; pi. 14, figs. 5, 6.

Other Phillipsia without a name were described by Etheridge in Mem. Geol.
Sur. N. S. Wales, Pal., 1892, from fragments of the pygidia.

Griffithides diibius Etheridge, Sr., Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 28, 1872, p.
38, pi. 18, fig. 7; Griffithides seminiferus De Koninck, (non Phillips).

If De Koninck's figures are to be relied upon, which is doubtful, as they do
not agree with the text, (in the former the glabella is represented as being
conical in outline and, in the latter, it is said to have an anterior width slightly
less than its base). Whatever Phillipsia {Griffithides) seiniiiifcra De Koninck
may have been, it is practically certain that it was not Griffithides seminiferus.
Mitchell comparies it with G. collinsi, ^'specially the pygidium.

Griffithides seminiferus australasica Etheridge, Geol. & Pal. Queensland &
New Guinea, 1892, p. 216, pi. 7, fig. 14.

The species possesses supplementary lobes and G. seminiferous does not.
Mitchell refers the pygidia to Phillipsia woodwardi.

Griffithides sweeti Etheridge, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, 1894, p. 528, pi.
39.fig. 3.

Mitchell remarks "It seems to me that a new genus or subgenus will be
needed for this trilobite with ten thoracic segments."

The following species are described and illustrated in this work :
Phillipsia collinsi sp. nov.; P. coulteri sp. nov.; P. breviceps sp. nov.; P.
proxima sp. nov.; P.? robusta sp. nov.; P.f stroudensis sp. nov.; P. superba
sp. nov.; P.? zvaterhousei sp. nov.; P. elongata sp. nov.; P. rockhamptonensis
sp. nov.; P. stanvellensis sp. nov.; P. grandis Eth. jr.; P. woodtvardi Eth. jr.;
P. morganensis sp. nov.; P. connolli sp. nov.; P. rouchelensis sp. nov.; P.
dungogensis sp. nov.

Griffitliides convexicaudatus sp. nov.; G. szveeti Eth. jr.; G. dubius Eth. Sr.
Brachymetopus strzeleckii McCoy; B. dunstani sp. nov.; B. sp. indet.

On Two New Trilobites from Bowning. — Proc. Linn. Soc. N.

S. Wales, Vol. 44, 1919, Pt. 2, Aug. 27, 1919, pp. 441-449, pi. 15, 16.

Dalmanites (Hausmannia) loomisi sp. nov. and D. meridianus E. & M.

For Hausmannia meridianus Etheridge & Mitchell (in part), 1895.

The author remarks "It appears that the generic name Hausmannia proposed
by Etheridge & Mitchell, (Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S.Wale.s, Vol. 10, 1895, p. 502.)
to take the place of Dalmanites Barr., and which had been previously sug-
gested for a subgenus of Dalmanites by Hall & Clarke, (Pal. N. Y., Vol. 7, 1888,)
has been rejected by pataeontologists, and for this rejection I am willing to
admit there is very good reason, if there were no other than that Dalmanites
has been so long in use and generally accepted."

Phacops crossleii E. & M. ; Ph. serratus E. & M.

Adastocephalum telectypicum gen. nov. et sp. nov.

This new genus belonging to the family Phacopidae has the following gen-
eric characters :

BinLIOGRAPHY OF PALEOZOIC CRUSTACEA 41

Glabella subquadrate, mildly rounded in front, sides straight, only gently
converging to the neck ring; lateral glabellar furrows and lobes absent.

The outstanding features of this new type are the complete absence of gla-
bellar furrows and lobes, the small convergence of the axial furrows posterior-
ly, the squat condition of the eyes, and the mild convexity of the cephalon.

Mitchell, John. See also Etheridge, R.

MoBERG, JoH. Chr. Historical-Stratigrapliical Review of the Silurian of
Sweden. — Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser. C, No. 229, 1911, pp.
210, Geol. Map.

Chapter 11 gives a general review of the different series.

Series C, Gotlandia.

The Gotlandian of Skane.

Zones 4-1 Oved-Ramsada formation.

3. Colonus beds, Zone with GotJiograptus nussa Holm,— Odarslof flags.

2. Cytograptus beds. Zones C. carruthcrsi, etc.

1. Rastriies beds. Zones Monograptns runcinatus Lapw., Diplograptus
coneta Gein., etc.

The- Gotlandian of Gotland, C/2.

9. Hard Limestone, Crinoid Limestone or Stromatopora Limestone.

8. Ostracod Limestone.

7. Girvanella Limestone.

6. Oolite.

5. Sandstone.

4. Girvanella Marl.

3. Dayia Limestone with D. naz'icula Sow. •

2. Marl Shales with Limestone bands, containing Graptolites.

1. Shales with Stricklandiana lirata Sow.
The Gotlandian of Jamtland, C/3.

3. Rasfrites beds, upper part.

2. Pentamerus Limestone.

1. Quartzite with Phacops elliptifrons Esm.
The Gotlandian of Dalarne, C/4.

4. Grind-sandstone.

3. Bumastus Limestone, Grey Shale, Colonus beds.

2. Retiolites beds.

1. Rasfrites beds.
Series B, Ordovician.

5. Harpes Regio.

4. Trinucleus Regio.

3. Chasmops Regio.

2. Asaphus Regio.

1. Ceratopygc Regio.
Series A, Cambrian.

3. Upper Cambrian Zones, Acerocare, Peltura, Eurycare, ParaboUna spinii-
losa or Orthis lenticularis zone; Olenus and Agnostus Zones.

2. Middle Cambrian Zones, Forchammcri beds, Agnostus laevigatus and
Centropleura loveni Zones ; Paradoxidcs davidis Zone ; Tcssini beds ; Middle
Tcssini layers and Conocoryphe exsulans Zone; Oelandicus beds {Par. oelan-
dicus Zone).

1. Lower Cambrian, Holniia kjerulfi Zone or Fucoid Sandstone; Schniid-
tiellus torelli Zone, — Mickwitzia or Eophyton; Lower Hardeberga Standstone.

42 San Diego Society of Natural History

MoRDZioL, C. Ueber Agnostus pisiformis. Centralbl. fiir Mineral., 1908,
pp. 535-540.

Morgan, J. Mission scientifique en Perse. Part 4, Palaeontolo^ie. Fos-
siles, par H. Douville. 1904, pp. 187-380, figs., plates 25-50. ^

MoRNiNGSTAR, Helen. Pottsville Fauna of Ohio. — -Geol. Sur. of Ohio,

Fourth Series, Bulletin 25, 1922.

Crustacea :

Phillipsia sangamonensis Meek & Worthen, 1865, p. 272.

Compares the pygidia with P. missouricnsis and P. major.

The species P. sangamonensis has the same number of axial rings (18) with
eleven pairs of pleurae on the lateral lobes.

Phillipsia trinncleata Herrick, 1887, p. 274.

Several pygidia from the Sharon ore are here referred to this species, but
they differ from Herrick's species in the absence of the minute granules on

the surface.

Nebe, Balduin. Die Culmfauna von Plagen i. W. ; ein Beitrag zur
Kenntniss des Westfalischen Untercarbons. — Neues Jahrib. fiir Min.
Geol. and Palaeont. Beilage. Bd. XXXI, 1911. pp." 431-495, plates
XII-XVI.

Trilobita :

Phillipsia zvestphalica sn. nov., p. 474, ol. XII. figs. 1-5; P. cf. eichtvalrli
Fischer, p. 476, pi- XII, fig. 6; P. sp., p. 478. All from Producten-Bank, the
new species ranging to Grauerkalk.

Novak, Ottomar, and Perner, Jaroslav. Trilobiti Pa'^na. D-/lv. —
Palaeontographica Bohemiae Nr. IX. Prage. 1918, pp. 51, plate 4.

These notes by Novak are published as a Memori to O. Novak in two sec-
tions, Polish and German.

The following forms of fossil Crustacea are described and figured :

Agnostus accedens Novak, p. 6, pi. IV, figs. 32, 33; A. hohemicus Nov., p. 6,
pi. 1, fig. 7; A. perrugaius Barr., ■p. 7; A. tiiUbcrgi Nov., p. 7.

Acglina hergcroni Nov., p. 7, pi. IV, figs. 34-37, fig. in text; A. prisca Barr.,
p. 8; ^. spcciosa Corda, p. 8.

Areia harrandei Nov., p. 8, pi. I, fig. 1-3.

Acidaspis btichi Barrande, p. 8.

Barra)idia hohcmica N'ov., p. 9, pi. IV, figs. 23-31, text fig. 2.

Calymene (Synhomalonotiis) arago Renault, p. 10, pi. IV. fig. 20-22; C.

(Svnhomalonofus) tnopinia Nov.. n. 10, pi. IV, figs. 1-6; C. (Pharostoma)
pulchra Barr., p. 12, pi. IV, figs. 17-19.

Clieirurus pater Barr.. p. 12.

Dalmania harroisi Nov., p. 12, pi. I. figs. 8-10; D. afava Barr., p. 13.

In the envirdus of Prague Dalmania atava is renresented bv a number of
variants from the tvpical form. It is remarkable that these varieties constitute
a series characterized by the progress in the number of facets of the eye.

The varieties pass to Dalmanifcs oricns and Dr. Perner estimates that the
difference between the two snecies is not of sufficient importance to maintain
D. oriens as a distinct species.

Varieties of Dalmania ataz'a:

A. var. microphthalma, Nov., p. 14, pi. I. fig. 13; B. yar.intermedio Nov.,
p. 14, pi. I. figs. 11. 12, 14, text fig. 3; C. var. atava Barr., type, p. 15; D. var.
transieiis Nov., p. 15. pi. I, fig. 15; E. var. macro phthahna Nov., p. 15, pi. I,
fig. 16.

Dalmanites oriens Barr., p. 16.

Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea 43

Dicellocephalma bohonica Nov., p. 17, pi. I, figs. 4-6, text figs. a-c. The
form approaches Cciitroplcnra dicramtra Aug. in the form of the cephalon.

Di)id\'>iiciic bolioiiica Barr., p. 20.

lUacmis aratits Nov., p. 20, pi. II, figs. 27, 2S:; III. parabuliniis Nov., p. 20, pi.
II, figs. 1-9; ///. sarkaciisis Nov., p. 21, pi. II, figs. 10-14; ///. katzeri Barr.,
p. 22, pi. Ill, figs. 19-22.

Placoparia ::ippci Bocck, p. 22.

Pliomera senilis Barr., p. 23.

Ptychocheihis (Niobe) discrcUis Barr., p. 23, pi. Ill, figs. 1, 2.

Mcgalaspidcs olicints Barr., p. 24, pi. Ill, figs. 9-18.

AsaphcUus dcsidcratus, Barr., p. 25, PI. Ill, figs. 4-8, text fig. 5.

TritiuclcHS (Cryptolithits) rciissi Barr., p. 25.

Paeckelmanx, — . Oberdevon des; Bergischen Badens. — Abhandl. Kgl.
Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., N. F., 70, 1913.

Perner, Jaroslav. See Nov^ak, O.

Pfeil. — . Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Ges.. Vol. 34, 1882, p. 49.

Pompeckj, T- F- Ueber Euloma und Pharostoma. — Neues Jahrb. fiir
Mill., 1900-1. pp. 135-138.

Post, L. von. Bibrag. till Kannedomen von Ccratopygc Regionens

Utbildning inom P'albvgden. — Geol. Foren. Stockh. Forhandl., 28,

1906, pp. 465-480, figs', pi. 13.— Sver. Geol. Undersokn. afh., Ser. C,

No. 208. 1906, pp. 1-18, figs, plates.

Not descriptive. The author figures the following species :

Niobe obsolcta Linrs., pi. 13, figs. 1, 2; Harpides rugosus Sars &; Boeck, pi.
15, figs. 3-5; Pygidium of Ceratopyge, pi. 15, figs. 6, 7.

Price, W. Armstrong. Palaeontology of Nicholas County, \A'est Vir-
ginia, p. 786.

Griffithides sciiiilus Meek.

Described from the casts of two pygidia. Axis with 8-10 rings ; lateral lobes
with 6 to 7 pairs of pleurae. Kanawha Group, Eagle Shales.

Pruvost, P. Siu" un Dalmania dn Devonien Inferieure des Pvrenees. —
Ann. Soc. Geol. Nord., Vol. 39, 1911, pp. 2-6, pi. 1.

Sur la Presence du Genre Arfhroplcura dans le Terrain Houil-

ler du Nord. et du. Pas-de-Calais. — Ann. Soc. Geol. Nord.. Vol. 12.
1912. pp. 57-64.

Decouverte de Lcaia dans le Terrain Houiller du Nord, et du

Pas-de-Calais. Observations sur le Genre Leaia et ses differentes
Especes.— Ann. Soc. Geol. Nord. Vol. 43, 1920, pp. 254-281, figs,
pi. 2.

Introduction a I'Etude du Terrain Houiller du Nord et du Pas-

de-Calais. La Faune Continentale du Terrain Houiller du Nord de
la France. — Memoires pour servir a I'Explication de la Carte
Geologique detaillee de la France, 1919, p. 334.

The author mentions an almost complete specimen found at Levant du
Flenu which he referred with doubt to Eiiproops (Prestwicliia pro-parte)
daiiac Meek & Worthen.

44 San Diego Society of Natural History

Raw, p. The Development of Olcnus salteri Callaway. — Rep. Brit.
Assoc. Adv. Sci., Leicester, 1907.

Raymond, Percy E. A New Ceraurus from the Chazv. — New York
State Mus. Bull. 189, 1916, p. 121, pi. 30, figs. 9-12.

The Presence of a Median Eye in Trilobites. — The Same, pp.

127-143, plates i34-36, text figs. 40-42.

The Cephalic Suture Lines of Cryptolithus. — The Same, pp.

144-148, text figs. 43-46.

Note on Parallelism among the Asaphidae. — Trans. Roy. Soc.

Canada, Vol. 5, 1912, Section IV.

Add to the reference of this work in Bibliography Palaeozoic Crustacea,
1895-1917, Transactions San Diego Society of Natural History, Vol. HI, No. 1.
pp. 73-75 :

New Genus Homoglossa.

For Ogygia dilatata pandcri Schmidt, as a genotype.

The type has a long glabella with glabellar furrows at the sides, a distinct,
but smooth axial lobe on the pygidium, and smooth pleural lobes ; evidently not
an ogj'giocaris.

The Succession of Faunas at Levis, P. Q. — Am. Jour. Sci., Vol.

38, 1914, pp. 523-530.

Divides the fauna into zones A to D.

Places Arioncllus subclavatiis Billings and Caryocaris curvatus Gurley in
Zone C/1 ; Isotelus sp. in Zone C/2; Agnostus orion Bill., A. sidenhladhi
Linrs., Shumardia granulosa Bill., S. pusilla Sars, 5". sp., Endymionia nieeki
Bill., Holometopus angelini Bill., Triarthrus sp. indet., and an Ostracod in
Zone D/1.

The Pygidium of the Trilobite.— Geol. Mag., Vol. 57, 1920, p. 22.

The author remarks that the development of the pygidium in Trilobites,
both as to morphology and ontogeny, shows that the large pygidium is primi-
tive and the small one specialized.

On some new Ordovician Trilobites. — Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.,

Vol. 64, No. 2, 1920, pp. 273-296.

Dr. Raymond proposes six new genera and describes the following species :

Cryptolithus acervulosus sp. nov. (Described under Trinucleus).

Dionideidae, fam. nov.; Dionide holdoni sp. nov.

This species is more like D. richardsoni Reed than any other. It has fewer
rings and ribs on the pygidium, a wider cephalon and narrower axial lobe.
The ornamentation separates it from all other species.

Dionide contrita sp. nov.

Raphorus powelli sp. nov.

Endymionidae fam. nov. ; Endymionia nteeki Bill. ; E. schucherti sp. nov.

Anisonottis glacialis gen. nov.; A. horneii (N. & E.) ; A. obtusus M. & S.

Cephalon irregularly convex; glabella small, with lateral furrows indicated
by pits; axial lobes of thorax narrow; thorax 7 segments. Pygidium semi-
circular, but having a somewhat triangular appearance, as in the pygidia of
Cryptolithus and Ampyx, with an axis of 9 rings; sides with 9 pairs of fur-
rows and flat ribs.

Triarthrus caecigenus sp. nov.
Robergia major sp. nov.

This species is exceedingly abundant in the Athens of Saltvile, Va. It
differs but little from R. schlotheimi.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 45

Styginidae fam. nov. ; Stygi>ta latifrons (Portl.)

Brontcopsis grcgaria sp. nov.

Nileoides gen. nov.; Nileus perkinsi Raymond.

Hybospis shuleri gen. nov. et sp. nov.

The name is proposed for a curious trilobite in the pygidiurn of which are
combined the elongate form of the Asaphid and the short axial lobe of the
Illaenid.

Homotclus gen. nov.

The Onchometopus of Raymond and Narraway, not Schmidt.

The cephala of American and Russian forms are exceedingly alike in the
smoothness of the glabella, position of the eyes, course of the facial sutures
and shape of the fixed and free cheeks. Doublures are strikingly different,
not only in the hooked and furrowed character of the Russian forms, but
also in its narrowness. Greater differences are seen in the thorax where On-
chometopus shows the high narrow rings of an Asaphns, while Homotelus has
the broader and flattened rings of Isotelus. The pygidia are similar.

Homotelus nlrichi sp. nov., genotype; H. elongatus sp. nov.; H. indentus
sp. nov. ; H. lacvis sp. nov. ; H. lacviurus sp. nov. ; H. catactus sp. nov. ; H.
gratiosus sp. nov., the Asaphus (Isotelus) snsae Whiteaves, not Whitfield.

Vogdesia gigas sp. nov.

The author remarks on this genus: Although proposed as a subgenus of
Niletis, Vogdesia proves to be one of the Asaphinae, and closely related to
Homotelus and Brachyaspis. This conclusion has been reached from a study
of the dorsal surface, as the hypostoma has not been seen. Vogdesia differs
from both of the genera mentioned in having a wider axial lobe in the thorax,
and little or no trace of dorsal furrows on the pygidium.

Referred to the genus :

Vogdesia bearsi Raym., genotype ; V. minnesotensis ( Foerste) and Nileus
sp. Foerste from the renTton ; V. vigilans (Meek & Worthen), Maquoketa
group.

Ectenaspis gen. nov., genotype Megalaspis beckeri (Slocum) ; E. Hotnalono-
toides (Walcott).

Isotelus rejuvenis sp. nov.

Ectenonotus gen. nov.; E. westoni (Billings); E. octocostatus (Reed).

-Phylogeny of the Arthropoda, with Especial Reference to the

Trilobites.— Am. Naturalist, Vol. 54, 1920.

Summary :— It would appear that the Trilobites, particularly in respect to
their appendages, are more primitive than any other Arthropoda. The chief
modifications in other groups are in the nature of reduction, in the loss of
whole appendages, of branches or of segments. Extra segments are some-
times added to certain appendages, and new outgrowths, epipodites, are common
among the Crustacea. .

The Trilobites have what seems, at first sight, a peculiar and specialized
dorsal test, but now that it has been shown that the pleural lobes may be lost
and the pjgidium reduced to a single segment, and, chiefly, that the wormlike
form is not primitive, but secondary, they may be viewed in an entirely new
light, &c.

-A Contribution to the Description of the Fauna of the Trenton

Group. — Canada Dept. of Mines Geol. Sur., Mus. Bulletin, No. 31,
1921, pp.42, plates 11.

The following Trilobites are described and figured :

Eoharpes ottazvaensis (Bill.) ; E. dentoni (Bill.)

Remopleiiridcs striatulus Wale.

Bathyurus ingalli Raym.

Hemiarges paulianus (Clarke).

Encrinurus cybeleformis sp. nov.

46 San Diego Society of Natural History

Raymond, Percy E. — Continued.

Cybclc spicata sp. nov.
Ceranrus dentatiis Raym. & Barton.
Cerauriiius niarginatus Barton.
Calymcnc sp. indet.. ; C. sciiaria Conrad.
Pterygofiietopiis achates (Billings).

-The Appendages, Anatomy and Relationship of Trilobites.-

Mem. Conn. Acad, of Arts & Sci., Vol. 7, 1920. pp. 169, plates 11,
figs, in text 46.

Part 1. The appendages and description, with illustration of Neoleinis ser-
ratiis Rominger; Nathorstia transitaiis VValc. ; Isotelus lathis Raym.; /. wa.r-
iimis Locke; /. gigas De Kay; /. arenicola Ra\-m. ; Triarthrns bccki Green;
Ptychoparia striata (Emm.) ; P. cordillerae (Rominger) ; P. permulta'Wa.lc.;
Kootenia dau'soni Wale; Calymcnc scnaria Conr. ; Ccraurus pleurcxaiithemus
Green; Acidaspis trcntoiieiisis Hall; Cryptolitlnis tessellatus Green.

Part 2. Structure and Habits of Trilobites.
Internal organs and muscles.

Alimentary canal: — Ccraurus plcurexanthemus, Calymcnc scnaria Conrad,
Cryptolitlnis goldfussi.
Gastric glands.

Heart : — Illacims, Ccraurus and Calymene.

Nervous system, various glands, Panderian organs, eyes, sex, eggs.
Part 3. Relationship of the Trilobites to other Arthropoda.
Branchiopa.
Burgcssia hclla, Waptia field cnsis, Yohoia tenuis, Opabina rcgalis.

Copepoda, Archiopepoda, Ostracoda, Cirripedia, Malacostraca, Phyllocardia,
Syncarida, Isopoda.

Marrclla splcndens restored.
Arachnida ; Trilobites not Arachnida.
Merostomata.

Sidneyia incxpcctans ; Emcraldclla brocki; Malaria and Habclia.
Primitive characteristics of Trilobites ; limbs of Trilobites ; number of seg-
ments in the trunk; form of the simplest protaspis; origin of the pj'gidium, &c.

Criteria for Species ; Phvlogenies and Fauna of Trilobites. — Bull.

Geo. Soc. of America, Vol. 52, 1921, pp. 349-352.

Characteristics of the body.

The division transversely into cephalon, thorax and pygidium is subject to
much more variation, and the relative lengths of the three portions are fre-
quently used in separating species.

Characteristics of the cephalon.

Of great value in classification. Since the time of Salter and Barrande the
major characteristics used in classification have been those of the cephalon,
but it remained for Beecher to show the value of the facial sutures and so
put in logical order the families already in use.

Characteristics of the ventral side and pygidium.

The ventral side of the body has never, so far, been used in discriminating
species.

The extent and form of the doublure has in a few cases afforded generic
distinctions.

The shape of the epistoma is, in many cases, of family value, and the
hypostoma often enables one to recognize the genus or, if not that, a family.

The pygidium is more used in making specific distinctions than any other
part of the body.

Bini.ior.RArHY of Paleozoic Crustacea 47

In smooth Triloljitcs the proportion of length to breadth is almost always
constant in small groups. Correlated with this is the number of segments,
which is seldom fixed and may, or may not be of specific value.

The rings of the axis represent the true number of segments in the shield,
and there are usually less ribs on the pleural than rings on the axial lobe. The
luimber of ribs, their length, prominence, furrows, and ornamentation is of
specific value.

The width of the border, the spines on the margin, &c., may be of generic
importance.

-The Ccratopygc Fauna in Western North America. — Am. Jour.

Sci., Ser. 5, Vol. 5, 1921, pp. 204-210.

In the Eureka District, Nevada, the faunas of the lower part of the Pogonip

are but imperfectly known, yet there is evidence of the Ceratopyge zone in

the appearance of Symphysurus enrekensis, Apatokephalus finalis, Ceratopyge

goldfiissi, and Hcmiyyraspis carihoucnsis. Raymond remarks that Ptychopana

( Euloma) affinis is, however, probably not an Euloma.

In Utah, in the House Range, the highest formation of the Upper Cambrian
is named the Notch Peak. No fossils were found in place, but a drift boulder,
supposed to have derived from strata in the upper 640 feet, contains Agraiilos
sp., Solcno pleura ? sp. and Tsiiiaiiia cleora Walcott. Raymond referred the
last named species to Symphysurus. The type of Tsinania, a Chinese species,
has a cranidium similar to that of Symphysurus, but more nearly hemispherical,
and a pygidium which is nearly as long as wide. This latter feature is
the most distinguishing one for the genus and is not shared by any American
form.

In British Columbia, two miles west of Donald Station, Prof. Daly found
two trilobites, Dikcloccphalus? dalyi and Tsinania elongata. The latter is a
Symphysurus. This faunule is of the Ceratopyge zone. From a lower portion
of it, "ten miles southeast of Leanchiol, Walcott describes a new species,
Ceratopyge canadensis, with doubtful reference to this genus. The Canadian
form has no glabellar furrows and differs in the course of the facial sutures.

Ra\'mond, in a footnote, describes a new species, Megalaspis shepardi,
known only from the pygidium, which is elongate in form, subtriangular,
pointed behind ; axis not prominent, contracted near the middle, with about
six joints; pleurae nearly smooth, with one pair of obscure ribs; shell strongly
punctate.

SympJiysurus, a characteristic fossil of the Ceratopyge fauna, with the
Brachiopods Syntrophia nundina and Eoorthis desmopleura, would seem to
show^ that the Ceratopyge fauna occupies a position at the base of the Or-
dovician, from Robson Peak in Canada, southward to the Eureka District in
Nevada, on the Western side of the Rocky Mountains.

-A Trilobite Retaining Color Markings. — Am. Jour. Sci., Fifth

Series, Vol. 4, 1922, pp. 461-464, Fig. in text.

Anomocare vittata sp. nov.

The author describes and figures a pygidium of Anomocare vittata from the
Cambrian of Cherokee County, Alabama, which exhibited not very conspicu-
ous banding. The surface is covered with transverse stripes of light and dark
gray, the latter almost black. At the anterior margin is a narrow, light band,
followed by the broadest one of all, quite dark in tone. The two remaining
pairs of dark bands are much narrower, the last almost in line with a con-
tinuation of the dorsal furrow^s. The first two pairs cross the axial lobe, but
as all turn backward, they have a somewhat radial effect. In addition to the
bands there are very small, irregularly placed spots of a yellowish hue.

Reed, F. R. Covvper. The Structure of Turrilepas pcachi and its Allies. —
Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. XLVI, Part 3, No. 21, 1908, one
plate.

Turrilepas peachi, p. 519, pi. 1.

The author figures one nearly complete individual, pi. 1, fig. 1, from the

48 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper. — Continued.

Starfish bed, with plates in position, and it closely resembles the form de-
scribed and figured by Barrande as Plumulites follictilum from Stage D/d2.

The general structure of the fossil casts doubt on the view that Plumulites
Barrande and Turrilepas Woodward (type T. wrighti) are synonymous.

The Devonian Faunas of the Northern Shan States. — Palaeontol-

ogia Indica, New Series, Vol. 2, Memoir, No. 5, 1908, plates I-XX.

Crustacea :

Phacops laiifrons (Bronn), var., p. 132, pi. XVII, figs. 15-25.

The author follows Kayser's limiting of the species to Bronn's large form
with a non-protruding glabella, which occurs in the Stringocephalus Lime-
stone, and separates off the smaller, widely distributed Devonian form with a
projecting glabella, as P. schlotheimi (Bronn), in accordance with Bronn's
original descriptions.

Asteropyge.

Dr. Reed, under the subgenus Dalmanites Barrande, 1852, placed, under a
section of the genus, Corda's Asteropyge to replace the preoccupied term
Cryphaeus Green, 1837, used Klug in 1833 for a genus of Coleoptera.

The author states that the separation of D. stellifer from D. arachnoides
as the type of a distinct genus, named by Corda Metacanthiis, is artificial, being
based merely on the presence or absence of a terminal median spine to the
pygidium.

Kayser, Die Fauna Dev., Ablag. Harzez, Bd. 2, Heft 4, 1878, p. 33, attached
specific importance to this feature and even, on the strength of it, would
revive Corda's dual division of Asteropyge and Metacanthiis.

Phacops {Dalmanites) cf. Stellifer Burm., p. 136, pi. XVII, figs. 26, 26a;
Ph. {Dalmanites) punctatus (Steininger), p. 137, pi. XVII, figs. 22, 28.
Phaetonides aff. cyclurus Hall, p. 177, pi. XX, fig. 20.

The generic position of this trilobite seems to be in Phaetonides, rather than
in Brachymetopns, although such species as B. strzeleckii and B. ivoodwardi
bear a considerable resemblance in the shape of the cheek.

Phyllocarida :

Echinocaris asiatica sp. nov., p. 179, pi. XX, figs. 21-25.

The species bears a considerable resemblance to E. punctata Hall, but the
ornamentation of the test, and the tuberculation of the longitudinal ridge are
different from the Wetvvin form.

Pre-Carboniferous Life Provinces. — Rec. Geol. Sur. of India,

Vol. XL. Part 1, 1910.

Paper on the problems of the geographical distributions of life in the
Palaeozoic seas.

-Devonian Fossils from Chitral, Persia, Afghanistan, and the Him-

alayas.— Rec. Geol. Sur. of India, Vol. XLI, Part 2, 1911.

Crustacea :

Proetus chilralenis sp. nov., p. 38, pi. 7, fig. 1-6, from Chitral.

The species is allied to P. hohemicus Corda, but differs by the posterior half
of the pleurae of the pygidium being more swollen, and by the border of the
cephalon being concentrically striated above, as well as laterally and below, &c.

Silurian Fossils from Kashmir. — Rec. Geol. Sur. of India, Vol.

XLII, Part 1, 1912.
Crustacea :
Acidaspis kashmirica sp. nov., p. 18, pi. 9, fig. 1-3.

The pygidium has a great resemblance to A. deflexa Lake, particularly in
the development of the marginal spines, but the tubercles at their bases suffi-
ciently mark off the Kashmir species.

BiKLIOGRAPHY OF PaL^OZOIC CrUSTACEA 49

Calymene cf. hhmtenhachii Brong., p. 20, pi. 9, figs. 4, 5.
Illaenus aff. macallumi Salter.
Encrinurus ci.punctatus, p. 22.

-Carboniferous Fossils from Siam. — Geol. Mag., Vol. LVII, 1920,

pp. 113-178, pi. 2.

Proetus cf. coddonensis Woodward, p. 174, pL 2, fig. 17.
Phillipsia aff. silesiaca Scupin, p. 175, pi. 2, fig. 18.

Lower Palaeozoic Fossils, Shan States. — Pal. India, Ser. Nov.,

Vol. 2, No. 3, 1906, pp. 154, Plates 8.

Himalayan Fossils ; Ordovician and Silurian Fossils from the

Central Himalayas. — Mem. Geol. Sur. India, Palaeontologia Indica,

Ser. XV, Vol. 7, Mem. No. 2, 1912.

Crustacea :

Asapluts eniodi Salter.

The author remarks that if the pygldium is taken in conjunction with any
of the associated cephala and pleurae, it can scarcely be doubted that it may
be referred to etiher the genus Asaphus or Ptychopyge.

Asaphus emodi ynilanensis var. nov. ; Asaphus sp.; three sp. indet.

Illaenus brachyoiiiscus Salter; ///. pmictulosus Salter; ///. spitiensis sp. nov.;
Illaenus sp.

Bronteus aff. lunatus Billings.

Lichas (Ampliiliclias) tibetaniis Salter ; Lichas sp.

Calymene nivalis S. & B.

Sphaerexochus idiotes Salter.

Cheirnriis mitis Salter, Ch. sp. Ch. (Cyrtometopus) sp.

Pliomera cf. insangensis Reed.

Prosopiscns minus Salter.

Ostracoda:

Eurychilina monticuloides sp. nov.

Krausella shianensis sp. nov.

Primitia everesti sp. nov.

Primitia gerardi sp. nov.

Leperditella? himalaica sp. nov.

Crustacea.

Lankpya lekhi Pass.

Encrinurus aff. punctatus Briinnich.

Calymene sp.?

The Lower Palaeozoic Trilobites of Girvan. Supplement. —

Palaeontological Society, 1913, London, Feb. 1914, pp. 56, plates 8.
Trinucleidae :

Trinucleus albidus sp. nov., p. 3, pi. 1, fig. 1, 2.
Ampy.v macconochei E. & N.
Dionide richardsoni Reed, p. 5, pi. 1, fig. 7.
Harpedidae :

Harpes (Eoharpes) youngi sp. nov., p. 6, pi. 1, fig. 4-6; H. (Eoharpes)
flannagani Portl. p. 9, pi. 1, fig. 7-9; H. {Eoharpes) hornei sp. nov., p. 10, pi. 2,
fig. 1, 2.

Olenidae :

Rcmopleurides nicholsoni sp. nov., p. 12, pi. 2, fig, 3.9 ; R. correctus Reed,
p. 15, pi. 2, fig. 10.

50 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper. — Continued.

The author remarks that there seems to be more than a superficial resem-
blance between the genus Remopleuridcs and Apatokcphalus. the presence of
the pre-glabellar area on the cephalon of the latter, and absence of deflection
in the tongue of the glabella seeming to be the principal points of distmction.
The glabella, eyes and free cheeks of such a species as Apatokcphalus pectcr.'
Wiman show many features of similarity to R. correctiis, R. barrandei, R.
hicornis and other species.

There seems to be reason to believe that the pre-glabellar area has only been
much reduced in Remopleiirides. The peculiar position of the genal spine in
A. pecten is identical with that of R. hicornis. If we compare A. serratiis
(Boeck) and 5". schlotheimi (Billings) with the above-mentioned species of
Remoplcundcs, we shall see further points of resemblance ; and even when
we look at the pygidium we can see how, in the reduced number of axial seg-
ments in A. pecten and in the presence of only three pairs of pleural points, a
greater approach is made to the condition in R. colbyi, R. latcrispinifer and
other species.

Telephus saltcri sp. nov., p. 16, pi. 2, fig. 11.
Asaphidae :

Asaphus (Isotelus) grayae sp. nov., p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 1-6.
Stygina latifrons Portl., p. 18, pi. 3, fig. 7.

Cvclopvge bumasti sp. nov., p. 19, pi. 3, fig. 8; C. suharmata sp. nov.., p. 20,
pi. 3, fig. 9-12.

Bohcniilla scotica sp. nov., p. 22, pi. 4, fig. 1.

Illacnus latus McCoy, p. 23; ///. pcachi sp. nov., p. 24, fig. 2, 3; ///. portlocki
Salter, p. 25; ///. richardsoni, p. 25, pi. 4, fig. 4, 5.

Bronteidae :

Brontcopsis scotica Salter, p. 26, pi. 4, fig. 6.

Proetidae ;

Cyphaspis jamesoni sp. nov., p. 27, pi. 4, fig. 8.

Lichadidae :

Liclias (Corydoccphalus) maccullochi sp. nov., p. 28, pi. 4, fig. 9, 10; L.
(Anipliilichas) ardniillancnsis sp. nov., p. 29, pi. 5, fig. 1 ; L. (Ainpliiliclias)
hibcrnicus Port., p. 30, pi. 5, fig. 2.

Acidaspidae :

Acidaspis astcroidca sp. nov., p. 31, pi. 5, fig. Z-7 ; A. girvanesis sp. nov., p.
2)2), pi. 5, fig. 8-10; pi. 6, fig. 1-3; A playfairi sp. nov., p. 35, pi. 6, fig. 4-6; A.
tcrribilis sp. nov., p. 36, pi. 6 fig. 7-10.

Encrinuridae :

Encriiiuriis contcntits sp. nov., p. 39, pi. 6, fig. 11, 12. E. innltiscgnicntaiiis
trispinosus var. nov., p. 39, pi. 7, fig. 1-3.

Cyhele loveni girvancnsis Reed, p. 40,; pi. 7, fig. 4, 5 ; C bcllatiila balclatchi-
ensis var. nov., p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 6; C. michclli sp. nov., p. 42, pi. 7, fig. 7.

Dindymene cordai Eth., jr., & Nicholson, p. 44, pi. 7, fig. 8, 9.

Cheiruridae :

Cheirurus keisleyensis Reed, p. 45, pi. 8, fig. 1 ; C. octolobatus McCoy, p. 46.

Sphaercxochus minis Beyr., balclatchicnsis var. nov., p. 47, pi. 8, fig. 2.

Staiirocephalns globiceps (Port.) p. 48, pi. 8, fig. 3.

Phacopidae :

Phacops (Chasmops) bisseti Reed, p. 48, pi. 8, fig. 4; P. (Pteryometopus)
retardatus sp. nov., p. 49, pi. 8, fig. 5-7; P. (Ptcrygonictopits) himtcri sp. nov.,
p. 52, pi. 8, fig. 8, 9; P. {Dalmanitina?) asterovideus sp. nov., p. 53, pi. 8, fig.
10.12.

Bibliography of Pal.?iOzoic Crustacea 51

The Genus Houialonofus.^Geol. Mag., Decade VI, Vol. 5, 1918,

pp. 263-276 & 314-327.

The species of Homalonotus are grouped together into ten sections or sulj-
genera on the strength of the character and course of the facial sutures, the
development of the cpistome and doublure, the degree of trilohation of the
thorax, and the shape, trilohation, and segmentation of the pygidium.

These characters are variously combined, but on the whole, two large divis-
ions may be recognized, so far as the pygidial characters alone are concerned,
one of which is marked by rounded and the other by pointed pygidia.

In the Ordovician genera the pygidia are short, rounded, and composed of
few segments, and the trilohation is well marked. In the Silurian and most
of the Devonian species the pointed, elongated pygidium, composed of many
segments, with or without distinct trilohation, is found conspicuously devel-
oped. In the Devonian some of the species with rounded pygidia again pre-
vail, but there is a larger number of segments, and the trilohation is more or
less los!.

Ordovician Subgenera :

1. Echomalonoins Reed, (for Brongniartia pars Salter, not Leach or Eaton).
Cephalon transverse, rounded, more or less semicircular. Facial sutures

uniting close to the anterior margin, or on the margin in a regular, wide curve,
and posterior branch cutting lateral margins slightly in front of genal angles.

Pre-glabellar area wide, presutural band very narrow or wanting. Thorax
with well marked trilohation ; axis not wider than the pleural portions.

Pygidium short, broad, expanded, composed of few segments, 6-8; axis
distinct ; plurae contiiuied to edge or nearly to it ; doublure vertical or steeply
inclined at sides, simple, of nearly uniform width all round or narrowing
slightly posteriorly.

Genotype H. hrougiiiarti (Desk). Range: Lower Ordovician. Distribution:
Northern France, Cornwall, Shropshire, Bohemia, thirteen species.

There is a close connection between Ecliomaloiioiiis and Synhomalonotus
through which the genus is related to Calymciic.

Ordovician :

2. Calymenella Bergeron: Genotype C. boisscli (Bergeron).

Cephalon triangular, produced in front into a rostrum ; facial sutures unit-
ing in front in regular continuous curve at base of rostrum and inside margin.

Pygidium semicircular, transverse, composed of few segments, distinctly
trilobed ; axis and pleurae well marked.

Distribution : France, two species.
Middle and Upper Ordovician.

3. Brongniartclla Reed, {Brongniartia pars Salter) : Genotype Homalonotus
hisulcatiis Salter.

Cephalon rounded, semielliptical or semicircular, wider than long; facial
sutures uniting close to the anterior margin, or on the margin, in a regular,
wide curve, the posterior branches cutting the lateral margins nearly at the
genal angles.

Glabella urceolate, rhomboidal, or subconical, generally lobeless. Pre-gla-
gellar area of moderate width, presutural band very narrow or wanting.

Thorax with trilohation more or less indistinct ; axis wider than plural
portions.

Pygidium rounded, semioval or parabolic, composed of 9-12 segments; axis
distinct, pleurae continued nearly to margin, border usually developed, but not
defined.

Doublure flat, horizontal, closely infolded, of nearly uniform width.

Distribution : England, five species.

Silurian.

4. Trimerns Green: Genotype H. dclphinoccphalits Green.

Cephalon triangular and elongated ; facial sutures uniting anteriorly close to,
but inside, margin in a more or less pointed arch, not forming a continuous.

52 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper. — Continued.

regular curve, the posterior branches cutting the genal angles ; pre-glabellar
area well developed ; glabella subconical, occasionally lobed.

Thorax, thirteen segments, with very broad axis and indistinct trilobation.

Pygidium composed of many segments, triangular, elongated, subcylindrical,
ending in a produced acumination ; trilobation faint ; doublure very narrow at
sides, widening at tip.

Distribution : Northern Europe, North America, Australia, four species.

Silurian.

5. Koenigia Salter : Genotj'pe H. knighti Koenig.

Cephalon transverse, broad, short; epistome projecting in front as median
process ; anterior lateral angles of cephalon angulated forward, the three to-
gether making the margin tricuspid ; facial sutures bending suddenly inward
near the anterior margin and uniting in a straight or concave, transverse com-
missure with small median point ; posterior branches of facial sutures bending
back suddenly to cut the lateral margins nearly at the genal angles ; pre-gla-
bellar area very narrow.

Thorax trilobation almost obsolete ; axis very broad, scarcely defined.

Pygidium composed of many segments, elongated, acuminate, triangular,
with smooth, pointed posterior process ; axis nearly obsolete, but segmentation
of axis and pleurae distinct ; doublure widening posteriorly.

Distribution : Northern Europe, two species.

A highly specialized subgenus. It is doubtful if H. johannis can be closely
associated with it, in spite of its tricuspid front, as the pre-glabellar portion
is different.

Lower Devonian.

6. Burmeisteria Salter (sens, rest.) ; Genotype //. herschelii (Murchison).
Cephalon triangular; facial sutures convergent anteriorly, uniting by a

double sigmoidal commissure close to front margin, and posteriorly cutting
lateral margins in front of genal angles.

Pre-glabellar area well developed ; paraglabellar area distinct ; glabella oc-
casionally lobed; epistome projecting in front of anterior margin of cephalon
as median pointed process ; presutural area very narrow.

Thorax with wide, ill-defined axis ; trilobation indistinct.

Pygidium triangular, acuminate, strongly convex from side to side, com-
posed of many segments ; axis and pleurae more or less distinct.

Test of cephalon, thorax and pygidium frequently ornamented with more
or less regularly disposed, large tubercles or spines.

Distribution : Southern Hemisphere, Africa and South America, nine
species.

Lower Devonian,

7. Digonus Giirich : Genotype H. gigas Roemer.

Cephalon transverse or subtriangular ; cranidium with anterior lateral angles
rectangular, obtuse, or projecting, and with the anterior margin truncate,
straight, or slightly concave ; facial sutures bent in abruptly near front mar-
gin, and uniting in a continuous, transverse commissure ; pre-glabellar area
well developed ; glabella short, subquadrate or oblong.

Thorax with trilobation usually distinct and well marked.

Pygidium triangular, elongate, acuminate, more or less pointed behind,
composed of many segments ; trilobation generally well marked. Test of
whole body occasionally scabrous or tuberculated but not spinose.

Distribution: France (?), Rhenish Area, England(?), Argentina, seven
species.

Lower Devonian.

8. Btirmeisterella Reed : Genotype H. elongatus Salter.

Cephalon subtriangular, produced anteriorly into upturned prora, formed by
the epistome and bounded by the epistomal sutures; presutural area large;

Bibliography of Pal-^ozoic Crustacea 53

facial sutures bent in abruptly in front and uniting by a transverse commissure
close to the anterior end of the glabella; pre-glabcllar ar°a narrow.

Thorax with well defined cylindrical axis of less width than pleural por-
tions ; trilobation distinct.

P^'gidium semioval, rounded, with regular entire margin, in one species
provided with a pair of short, terminal spines. (Reed desscribed this species,
B. bifurcata sp. nov., in Geol. Mag., 1920, p. 303, fig. in text.).

Axis narrow, elongated, distinct, composed of many segments ; pleurae dis-
tinct; test of glabella, thorax and pygidial axis ornamented with regularly
disposed pairs of large tubercles or spines.

Distribution : Devonshire, Rhenish Area, five species.

Lower Devonian.

9. ParahomalonoUis Reed: Genotype H. gervillei Drever.

Cephalon semicircular, transverse ; facial sutures uniting in a regular, wide-
arched commissure, close to anterior margin.

Thorax with axis obsolete and trilobation quite lost.

Pygidium rounded, semicircular, or suboval, with entire margin ; trilobation
more or less indistinct, but segmentation well marked, border mot crossed by
pleurae ; test surface ornamented with coarse tubercles and granules, or
smooth.

Distribution : Europe, eight species.

Middle Devonian.

10. Diplcura Green: Genotype H. dekayi Green.

Cephalon subtriangular. with large presutural prora ; facial sutures uniting
in front of the glabella by a straight, transverse commissure, but continued
directly forward without deviation into the epistomal sutures bounding the
prora.

Thorax with faint trilobation.

Pygidium triangular, subconical, obtusely pointed behind, with trilobation
obsolete or obsolescent, and segmentation very faintly marked.

Distribution : North America.

Devonian.

Scliizopyge Clarke, 1913 : Genotype H. longicaudaius.

Clarke suggested this name for a pygidium with a series of marginal spinules
and long terminal spine.

Clarke (Foss. Dev. do Parana, 1920, p. 101.) remarks that the Parana and
Turkish pygidia would prove to represent a genus distinct from Homalonotus
or Calymene, but allied to both.

Ordovician and Silurian Fossils from Yun-nan. — Palaeontologia

Indica, New. Ser., Vol. 6, Memoir 3, pp. 55-69, plates 8, 1917.

The following species are described and illustrated :

Harpes aff. spasskii Eichwald.

Remoplcurides aff. latns Olin.

AsapliHS aff. e.vpansiis Linne.

Ogygites ytmnmiensis sp. nov.

Illaenus cacoides sp. nov.; ///. aff. ohlongatus Aug.; ///. aff. schmidti Niesz-
kokski ; ///. cf. taiiricornis Kutorga ; ///. aff. puncttilosus Salter.

A'ilus armadillo Dalman ; A^ sp.

Bathyurtis mausuyi sp. nov.

Lichas (Meiopolichas) celorhin cf. coniceps Leucht; L. (Metopolichas)
aff. verrucosus Eichd.

Calyviene uniconiis sp. nov. ; C. sp.

Pliomera martellii sp. nov.

54 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper. — Continued.

Notes on the Fauna of the Lower Devonian Beds of Torquay,

Part 1.— Geol. Mag., Vol. 57, 1920, pp. 299-306, & pp. 341-347, plate
IV.

Homalonotns (Digonus) gonipygaeus Woodward; H. (Burmcisterella)
bifurcatus, fig. in text exhibiting the short, bifurcated spinose process on the
pygidium ; H. {Burmeisterella) champernownei Woodward; H. (Biirmeis-
terella ) elongattis Salter; H. (Bunneistcrella) armatus Burmeister; H.
(Burmcisterella) sp. ; H. (Paralwmalonotus) whidbornei sp. nov.

Dalmanites (Asteropyge) laciniatus (Roemer).

Beyrichia (Zygobeyrichia) devonica J. & W.

The Lower Palaeozoic Trilobites of Girvan. — Palaeontographical

Soc, 1913, Supplement, pp. 56, pi. 5.

The species described are as follows :

Trinuclens albidus sp. nov.^ for Trinucleits sp. b.

Ampyx macconochiei (E. & N.), for Trinucleiis maccoiwcliici E. &. N.

Remidopleurides nicholsoni sp. nov., for R. colbyi.

Dionide richardsoni Reed.

Harpes (Eoliarpes) youngi sp. nov.; H. (Eoharpes) flanagani Port!.; H.
Eoharpes) Iwrnei sp. nov.

Remidopleurus correctus Reed.

Telephiis salteri sp. nov.

Asaphus (Isotelus) grayae sp. nov., for Asaphus (Isotelus) gigas.

Stygina latifrons Portl.

Cyclopyge bitmasti sp. nov.; C. snbarmata sp. nov.

Bohcmilla scotica sp. nov., for Bohcmilla sp.

Illaenus latus McCoy; ///. peachi sp. nov.; ///. portlocki Salter; ///. rich-
ardsoni sp. nov.

Brontcopsis scotica Salter; B. ardiiiillaiteiisis Reed.

Cyphaspis jamessoni sp. nov.

Lichas (Corydocephalus) macctillochi sp. nov.; L. (Amphilichas) ardniil-
lanensis sp. nov.; L. {Amphilichas) hibernicus Portlock.

Acidaspis asteroidea sp. nov.; A. girvanensis sp. nov.; A. playfairi sp. nov.;
A. terribilis sp. nov.

Encriniirus contentus sp. nov.; E. vinltiscgmcntatus trispinosus var. nov.

Cybele loveni girvanensis Reed; C. hellatula balclatchiensis var. nov.; C.
michelli sp. nov.

Dindymene cordai E. & N.

Cheiruriis kcisleyensis Reed; C. octolobatus McCoy.

Sphaerexochus mirus balclatchiensis var. nov.

Staurocephalus globiceps (Portlock).

Phacops (Chas7nops) bisseti Reed; P. (Pterygometopus) retardatus sp.
nov.; P. (Pterygometopus) hunteri sp. nov.; P. (Dalmanites?) asteroideus
sp. nov.

Supplementary Memoir on New Ordovician and Silurian Fossils

from the Northern Shan States. — Mem. Geo. Sur. India, Palaeon-
tologia Indica, Vol. 6, Mem. No. 1, 1915.

Crustacea :

Agnostus cf. glabratus Ang.

Ampyx rostratus shamensis var. nov.; A. aff. maccallumi Salter.

Dionide hybrida sp. nov.

Harpes (Eoharpes) aff. flanagani Portl.

Remopleurides sp.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 55

Asaplins cf. dcz'cxiis Eichw. ; A. cf. ornatus Pomp.

Ogygites birmaiiicus sp. nov.

Ptychopygc tlicbawi sp. nov.; P. sp.; P. (Basiliciis) titanica sp. nov.

Mt-galaspis aff. hyorhina Leuch. ; M. sp.

lllacHiis liliioisis sp. nov.; ///. sp. ; ///. aff. portlocki Salter.

Holomctopiis icimaiii sp. nov.; H. oricntalis sp. nov.

Liclias (Meiopoliclias) aff. vernicosns Eichw.; L. sp., 1-3.

Colymciie hirmanica Reed; C. (Pharostoma) liliieitsis sp. nov.; C. oldhami
sp. nov.

Cheiriirus dnnndicus sp. nov.; C. submitis sp. nov.

Pliomera iEiicrinurella) iiigsangensis Reed.

Eiicriiiurella.

The new subgenus given for this species on the difference in the shape and
lohation of the glabella from Pliomera.

Glabella large, claviform, or subpyriform, expanding anteriorly to about one
and a half times its basal width, swollen, convex, slightly overhanging the
anterior margin; three pairs of nodular lateral lobes present, front one large,
rounded anteriorly, more than one-third the length of the glabella.

First lateral lobes small, subcircular, nodular, one-fifth the width of gla-
bella; second lateral lobes smaller, nodular, nearly circumstribed internally;
third lateral lobes still smaller, nodular, connected by a narrow band across
base of glabella; surface of glabella granulated.

Phacops (Pterygometopits) dagon sp. nov.; P. (Pterygometopus) dagon
tvyiiiici var. nov.; P. (Clias}nopsf) sp. ; P. sp. indet.

Ostracoda :

Aparchites? sp. ; Primitia aff. mundida Jones; Krausella sp.

Fossils from the Silurian Beds.

Crustacea. — Fauna of the Namhsim Beds.

Illaeniis namhsimensis sp. nov.; Calymcne bhimenbachii Brong., var.;

Phacops {Dalmanites) loiigicaudatus orientalis Reed.

Panghsa-pye Beds, (Trilobite band).

Acidaspis shauensis sp. nov.; Phacops (Dahnanites) hastingsi sp. nov.

Ostracoda :

Bollia alexanderi sp. nov.; Kloedenella? birmanica sp. nov.; Primitiellaf
orientalis sp. nov.

Reed, F. R. Cowper, & Reynolds, S. H. Silurian Fossils from Certain
Localities in the Tortworth Inlier. — Proc. Bristol Nat. Sci., Ser. 4,
Vol 2, 1908, Part 1.
List of Fossils.

Fossiliferous Silurian Rocks of the Tortworth Inlier. — Quart.

Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 44, 1908. pp. 512-545.
List of Fossils.

Reed, F. R. Cowper, & Gardiner, G. I. The Silurian Inlier of Usk. —
Proc. Cotteswod Nat. F. C., Vol. XIX, Pt. 2, 1916, pp. 129-172, pi. 78.

Crustacea :

Proetiis stokesi belhila var. nov., p. 165, pi. 8, fig. 5-lL

The cephalon closely resembles that of specimens usually referred to Pruetus
stokesi, but the original description is scanty, the figure of this species is poor
and the genotype specimen is not known.

McCoy's description was unsatisfactory and Loven was the first to give a
full diagnosis of the specific characters with good figures.

The Usk cephalia differ from the Wenlock examples by the relatively shorter
and blunter glabella, the stronger development of the first and second glabel-

56 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper and Gardiner, G. I. — Continued.

lar furrows, and larger eyes. The median ridge in the marginal furrow in
front of the glabella, which is present in the new variety, and in some speci-
mens from the Wenlock Limestone of Dudley, is not mentioned by McCoy or
Loven, nor is it shown in any of the figures of P. stokesi. The species is said
by Loven to have a double elevated line on the cheek, whereas in var. hellula
the line is single.

Proetus signatus Lindstrom, p. 168, pi. 8, fig. 12.

Calymcnc intermedia Lindstrom, p. 168.

Phacops (Phacopidella) stokesi tiskensis var. nov., p. 169, pi. 8, fig. 13-16.

This small form may be regarded as more nearly allied to P. stokesi than to
P. elegans Sars & Boeck. The two much reduced and isolated lateral furrows
on the glabella, the long, frontal lobe and strong third lateral furrow recall
also P. misheni. The division of the first lateral furrow into two parts is al-
ways a marked feature in the two first named species, but the greater distinct-
ness of the subcircular composite lateral lobe in the new variety seems to
mark it off from typical P. stokesi, and to warrant its separation as a definite
variety.

Reck, Hans. See Staff, Hans von.
Reynolds, S. H. See Gardiner, G. I.
Reynolds, S. H. See Reed, F. R. Cowper.
RIchter, E. See Ritcher, Rudolf.

RiCHTER, Rudolf. Von unseren Trilobiten. — Bericht. der Senckenberg-
ischen Nat. Ges. in Frankfort am Main, 1914, pp. 50-62, 22 figures.
Agnostiis rex Barr.
Trinucleus ornatus Sternb.
Drepanura premesnilli Berg.
Conocoryphe stiheri Schlot.
Agnostus pisiformis Linne.
Daimanites socialis Barr.

Calymene niagarensis Hall; C. bhimenbachii (Brong.) Salter.
The upper and under side of a Trilobite.
Harpes naiimmaiini Barr.; H. iingula Sternb.
Dechenella granidata Richter.

Die Entstehung der abgeroliten "Daleider Versteinerungen" und

das Alter ihrer Mutterschichten. — Jahrb. der Konigl. Preuss. Geol.
Landesanstalt fur 1916, Bd. 2>7, Heft & pp. 247-259, pi. 25-27.

Cryphaeus rotundifrons Emm.; C. kochi Kayser ; C. letheae Kayser.

Acaste henni Richter; A. schmidti Richter.

Cryphaeus anserinus Rud. & E. Richter; C. drevermanni Rtchter; C. stellifer
Burm. ; C. punctatus Stein.

Proetiden aus neueren Aufsammlungen im Vogtlandischen und

Sudetischen Oberdevon. — Senckenbergiana, Bd. 1, No. 4, 1919, pp.
97-130, 14 figs, in text.

Cyrtosymhole planilimbata sp. nov.; C. sp. nov. a; S. sp. nov. b. & c.

Drevermannia aff. hrocciae Ritcher; D. sp. c; D. fcarnica macilenta var. nov.

Typhloproetus schidewolfi sp. nov.

Skemrnatopyge gen. nov. ; Genotype 5". tietnei sp. nov.

Proetus (Cliaunoproetus) subgen. nov.; Proetus {Chaiino proetus) palensis
Richter, 1913; Proetus (Chaunoproetus) ex. aff. palensis sp. nov a.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 57

Hciloproctns subgen. nov. : Genotype Proetus {HcUoproctiis) cbcrsdorfensis
Richter; /'. (Hciloproctics) oblongulus sp. nov.

Proetidae, subgenera incerta.

Proetus (Subg.?) giimheli Richter, 1913, & var. ahruptirachis; P. (Subg?)
franconicus sp. nov.; P. (Subg?) avitus sp. nov.; /'. (Subg?) sp. indet.

-Vom Ban unci Leben der Trilobiten. 1. Das Schwimmen. —

Senckenbergiana. Bd. 1, No. 6, 1919, pp. 32-38, 8 figs, in text.

-Vom Bail und Leben der Trilobiten. 2. Der Aufentenhalt auf

dem Boden. Der Schutz, Die Ernahrung. — Senckenbergiana, Bd. 2,
Heft 1, 1920, pp. 23-43, 12 figs, in text.

-Beitrage zur Kenntniss Devonischer Trilobiten. Dritter Beitrag

ueber die Organisation von Harpes, einen Sonderfall unter Crustaceen,
1920.— Senckenbergischen Nat. Ges., Bd. 37, 1917, pp. 179-218, plates.
Harpes macrocephalns Goldfuss.

Richter, Rudolf, & Richter, E. Die Lichadiden des Eifler Devons. —
Nues Jahrb. fiir Min., etc., Jahrg., Bd. 1, 1917, pp. 50-72, pi. 5, 6, 12
figs, in text.

Lichas (ex aff. Plusiarges?) heryllifer Richt. ; Lichas (Euargcs) cf. par-
vulus Novak; Lichas (Ceralarges) armatus Goldf. ; Lichas (Eifliarges) cau-
dimirus sp. nov. et subg. nov.

Eifliarges subg. nov.; Genotype Lichas {Eifliarges) caiidimirus.

Wir errichten fiir diese affalHge und nirgends unterzubringende Form eine
neu Untergattung, Eiflarges, die in folgender Weise gekennzeichnet werden
kann. Kopf nach den Grundplan von Eiiarges gebaut, d. h., vordere Seiten-
lappen ringsherum scharf umgrenzt, hintere Seiten lappen nach vorn, innen
und hinten scharf umgrenzt, nach aussen abermit den Festen Wangen ver-
schmolzen. Nackenlappchen fehlen. Wangenhorner nach vorne geriickt-
Schwanz mit Argesgesetz und Rippen (nur aus den wulstigen Hinter bandern
der Glieder bestehend), aber aus zahlreichen (8) Gliedern aufgebaut und mit
fast ebensovielen (7) enggestellten und fiber die ganze Flanken flache gleich-
massig verteilten Rippen versehen, die sich in Stacheln fortsetzen-Hohere
Lagen des unteren Mitteldevons. Einzige Art. L. {Eifliarges) caiidimirus sp.
nov.

Bemerkungen ueber das Schnauzenschild bei Homalonoten. —

Centralblatt fiir Min., etc., Jahrg., 1917, No. 5, pp. 114-120, 3 figs,
in text.

Rostral shields of Homalonotus rhenanus Kock; H. {Burmeisteria) arma-
tus; H. noticus Clarke.

The Acidaspidae consist of nine genera and six subgenera with about 107
species described from the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian.

The six subgenera are arranged as follows :

a. — Acidaspis {Psctidomonaspis) grayi Barr. : Genotype.
{Primaspis) primordalis Barr. : Genotype.

h.—Odontopleura {Leonaspis) leonhardi: Genotype.

c. — Ccratoccphala {Miraspis) mira Barr.: Genotype.

{Radiaspis)radiata Goldf.: Genotype.
{Ceratocephala) goniata Warder.

The original term Acidaspis Murchison, 1839, was founded on a group cor-
responding to Odontoccphala ovata Emmons, 1839.

The original and earlier term Ceratocephala Warder, 1832, was founded on
a group of species like Acidaspis verneuili Barr.

The occipital ring exhibits diflferent characteristics :

1.— In Odontoplenra ovata it has a median tubercle; thorax 9 segments;
pleurae ending in double points ; pygidium border spined, 3-p-4-p-3. Silurian.

5S San Diego Society of Natural History

RiCHTER, Rudolf and Richter, E. — Continued.

2. — Occipital ring with a pair of occipital spines originating on each side,
Ceratocephala goniata, Silurian. A similar species from Bohemia, C. vcrnetiili
Barr. has ten thorax segments ; pleurae ending in a point ; pygidium axis two
joints; border with seven pairs of spines.

3. — Occipital ring with a long median spine and median tubercle, Acidaspis
hrighti, Silurian. Thorax not known ; pygidium border 2-p-3-3.

4. — Occipital ring with a median tubercle and a pair of lateral spines, like
Odontopleiira and Ceratocephala, but the posterior border with six small
spines ; thorax 10 segments ; pleurae ending in double points ; pygidium axis
two joints, border spined 3-p-5-p-2. Acidaspis {Primaspis) primordialis Barr.,
Ordovician.

5. — Selenopeltis huchi, occipital ring entire, without spines, Ordovician.
Throax nine segments ; pleurae ending in spine and point ; pygidium axis two
joints; border entire except the first rib extending over the margin. 0-p-O-p-O.

6. — Dicranurus hamata, occipital ring with two spirally recurved spines ;
thorax axis very abruptly elevated, semicylindrical, with two lateral tubercles ;
pleurae extending at right angles to the axis and bent backward into long
spines ; pygidium border, O-p-0-p-O. Devonian.

7. — Ancyropyge romingeri, Devonian, only known from the pygidium, which
has twelve long, curved spines, 4-p-4-p-4.

8. — Glaplniriis pnstidaius, Ordovician ; occipital ring entire ; thorax with
eleven segments ; pleurae ending in strong spines, each segment bearing on
each side of the axis near the dorsal furrow a tubercle with three small
spines ; axial rings having numerous small spines ; pleurae narrow, flat, the
first segment ending in a sharp spine, but the succeeding ones rounded at the
ends and bearing three nearly horizontal spines ; pygidium margin entire ; axis
with two joints; lateral lobes with 2-4 pairs of ribs; border ornamented with
spines running all round.

9. — Bounyongia bowningensis, Silurian. Head only known. The genus has
a pair of cephalic spines originating on the glabella in front of the occipital
ring ; this feature is not known in any other genus.

Acidaspidae :

Number of species 125, synonyms 18. Total, 107.

Doubtful reference of fragments, 25.

Acidaspis 107, Ancyropyge 1, Bounyongia 1, Ceratopyge 31, Dicranurus 3,
Glaphurns 2, Odontofleura 60, Selenopeltis 1, (3 species of Acidaspis have been
referred to Trapelocera Corda).

-Ueber die Einteilung der Familie Acidaspidae und ueber einige

ihrer, Devonischen Vertreter. (Vorlanfige Mitteilung) — Centralblatt
fur Mill., &c., Jahrg.. 1917, No. 21 & 22, pp. 462-472, 9 figs, in text.

The authors arrange the Acidaspidae under six subgenera.

Acidaspis (Murch.) Barr.

Subgen. Pseudomonaspis hrighti, grayi & quinquespinosa.

Primaspis subg. nov. : Acidaspis primordialis Barr.

Odontopleura Emmrich ; O. ovata Emm.

Lconaspis subg. nov.; Acidaspis leonhardi Barr. ,pigra Barr., ex aff. harborti
Rich.

Ceratocephala Warder, C. goniata Warder.

Miraspis subg. nov.; Acidaspis mira Barr.

Radiaspis subg. nov.; Acidaspis radiata Goldf.

Ceratocephala goniata & verneuili Barr. ; selcana A. Roem.

Dicranurus Conrad; D. hamata Conrad; D. monstrosa Barr.

Selenopeltis Corda; 5". buchi Barr.

Ancyropyge Clarke; A. romingeri.

Glaphurns Raymond ; G. primus.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 59

Ueber einzelne Arten von Acidaspis, Lichas, Cheinirus, Aristozoe,

Prosocoelus, Terel)ratiila & Spirophvton. aiis der Eifel. — Jahrb. des
Nassauischen Verelus fiir Naturk, in Wiesbaden, 70 Jahrg. 1917, pp.
144-161. pi. 1. 6 figs, in text.

Acidaspis (Pseudo7)io]iaspis) hncco sp. nov.

Lichas (Euarges) mcpliisto sp. nov.

Clicirunis stcnibcrgi myops Roemer.

Aristozoe porcula sp. nov.

-Von unseren Trilobiten, II. — Bericht der Senckenb. Naturf . Ges.,

1918, pp. 123-131, pi. 1-3.
Phacops schlotheimi Bronn.

Proctus cuvicri Stein; P. chamaeleon Rud. & E. Richt. ; P. cormitus Goldf.
Crypliaeus puiictatiis Stein.
Astycoryphe soickcnhcrgiaiia Rud. & E. Richt.
Bronteus alutacciis Goldf.
Tropidocoryphc harroisi Maillieux.

Acidaspis (Lcoiiaspis) elliptica Biirm., A. (Radiaspis) radiala Goldf.
Cypliasis ceratcphtJialmia Goldf.
Lichas (Ceratargcs) arDiaius Goldf.

Neiie Procfus-Arten aus den Eifler Mitteldevon. — Centralblatt

fiir Alin., &c.. Jahrg. 1918, No. 3, pp. 64-70, 5 figs, in text.

Proetus (Eiiproettts) ailtrijiigati sp. nov.

Gcrastos graiuilosus ex parte Goldf., 1843, pi. 4, fig. 4a-c.

Proetus (Euproctiis) cuvieri granulosus Goldf.; P. granulosus Goldf., 1843,
pi. 4, (not fig. la-c) ; P. (Euproelus) chameleon sp. nov.; P. (Euproetus)
tennimargo Ricliter, syn. P. cornutus Beyr., 1846, p. 28, pi. 3, fig. 9, (not
Goldfuss) ; P. {Euproetus) dolirni sp. nov.

-Der Proetiden-Zweig, Astycoryphe, Tropidocoryphc, Pfcroporia.

— Senckenbergiana, Bd. 1, No. 1, & 2, 1919, pp. 1-17 & 25-51, 18 figs,
in text.

Astycoryphe gen. nov.: Genotype; A. senckenbergiana Rud. & E. Richter;
A. gracilis (Barr.) {Proettis gracilis Barr.) ; A. zi'estfalica sp. nov.; A. novaki
(Beyer.) {Tropidocoryphc novaki Beyer.); A. hriloncnsis sp. nov.; A. cJmm-
pernozvnei Whidborne.

Tropidocoryphc und Pteroparia.

Synonyms Plweion Barr., 1846, ex parte, Prionopcltis, Group B, Corda,
Proetus Corda, 1847, ex parte, Barrandc, 1852, ex parte, Maillicuz, 1904, ex-
parte, Tropidocoryphc Novak, 1890, Tropidocoryphc harroisi (Alaillieux),
Proetus harroisi (Maillieux). T. harroisi (Maillieux) var. a & var. b.

Tropidocoryphc filicostata Novak, 1890; Proetus {Tropidocoryphc) filicosta-
tus (Novak) ; T. latcns Barr., {Proetus latens Barr.) ; T. ineninon (Corda),
{Proinopeltis memon Corda); T.f heteroclyta Barr.; {Proetus heteroclyta
Barr.).

Pteroparia Richter, 1913; P. columhella Richter.

Uel:)er Phacops loevis Miinster und andere Phacopiden des Vogt-

landischen Oberdevons. — Senckenbergiana, Bd. 1, No. 4, 1919, pp.

131-140.

Phacops lac7-is Miinster, 1842, nov. emend., non Calymene laci'is Miinster,
1840, Beitrage 3, pi. 5, fig. 4, Trinuclcus lacvis Miinster, Beitriige 5, pi. 10, fig. 6;
P. caccus Giirich, 1896; P. cryptophthalmus Emm., em. Drevermann, 1901; P.
sp. a & b and P. sp. indet.

Trimerocephalus griffithidcs sp. nov.; T.f lotzi Drevermann, 1901 ; T. sp.; T.
aff. ano pJithalmus Freeh.

60 San Diego Society of Natural History

RiCHTER, Rudolf and Richter, E. — Continued.

Liste der Trilobiten aus den Geeser und Auburg-Schichter der

Gerolsteiner und Priimer Mulde. — Senckenbergiana, Bd. Ill, Heft 5,
1921.

Goldius alutaceus, — flahellifer, — scaher.

Thysanopeltis acanthopeltis.

Tropidocoryphe harroisi, & vars.

Astycoryphc senckenbergiana.

Proettis (Proetus) chamaeleon, — cuvieri, — dohrni, — tenuimargo.

Proetus {Cormi proetus) corniitus.

Cyphaspis ceratophthahna, — hydrocephala, & sp.

Acidaspis (Psciidonionaspis) hncco; A. (Leonaspis) elliptica,—aries; A
(Radiaspis) radiata.

Lichas (Ceratarges) armatus; L. (Eifliarges) caudimirus; L. (Euarges)
mephisto.

Cheirurus {Crotaloccphalus) sternhergi, mut.myops.
Phacops\ latifrons, — schlotheimi, — & ex schlotheimi.
Cyphaspis punctata, — stcUifer.

Rowley R. R. Description of Fossils. — Contributions to Indiana Palaeon-
tology, Green, Vol. 2, 1906, Part 2, pp. 21-31. Trilobites, plate V.

Phacops cristatus Hall, p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 27, 10, 11 ; P. cristatus pipa?
Hall, p. 22, pi. 5, 6 ; P. rana, p. 22, pi. 5; fig. 7-9, 19.

Proetus microgemma Hall, p. 23, pi. 5, fig. 12, 13, 28, 30; P. crassimarginatus?
Hall, p. 23, pi. 5, fig. 14, 15, 17; P. sp., p. 25, fig. 6, hypostoma; P. macroce-
phalus Hall, p. 24, pi. 5, fig. 18.

Dalmanites selehurus Hall, p. 25, pi. 5, fig. 20; D. sp. p. 25, pi. 5, fig. 21, 29.

Triarthriis hecki Green, p. 26, pi. 5, fig. 22.

Calymene callicephala Green, p. 26, pi. 5, fig. 23-25 ; C. niagarensis Hall, p.
27, pi: 5, fig. 26.

Phillipsia tuber culata M. & W., p. 27, pi. 5, fig. 31.

The author writes me that one of the figures on the Trilobite plates (Dal-
manites sp., fig. 21,) is misleading, since it is composed of two distinct pygidia,
curiously attached, giving the appearance of a complete specimen with a tail
at each end.

RuEDEMANN, RuDOLF. A Recurrent Pittsford (Salina) Fauna. — Bull.
N. Y. State Mus., No. 219, p. 220.— Fifteenth Rep. Director, N. Y.
State Museum, 1918.

A new genus, Mixoptcriis, and the following Crustacea are described:

Notes on the Fossils of the Vernon shales.

Hexameroceras chadwicki sp. nov.

Mixopterus multispinosus gen. nov. et sp. nov.

The generic term was proposed for forms like M. multispinosus, uniting the
following characters of Eusarcus, viz : — subtriangular carapace, forward, sub-
marginal position of compound eyes, subtriangular form of metastoma, pre-
dominant length of second pair of endognathites and decreasing length of the
following pairs of endognathites ; powerful swimming legs with long blades,
short proximal joints, and curved telson spine.

Compared with Stylonurus (Ctenopterus) , it has a relatively narrow preab-
domen, a gradually contracting postabdomen, and a series of longitudinally ar-
ranged, vertically attached spines upon the longer endognathites.

A feature "sui generis" in this genus is the "dorsal furrows" upon the pre-
abdomen.

Hughmilleria phelpsae sp. nov. ; Pterygotus? vernonensis sp. nov.

Bibliography of Eurypterus.

Bibliography of Pal.«ozoic Crustacea 61

Palaeontologic Contributions from the N. Y. State Museum.

Notes on the habitat of the Eurypterids. — Bull. N. Y. State Mus.,
189, 1916, pp. 113-115.

The Palaeontology of Arrested Evolution. — Address, President,

Palaeont. Soc, Dec. 1916. — Thirteenth Rep. Director N. Y. State
Mus., 1916, pp. 107-134.

The Trilobltes contain a few persistent genera, viz :

Ordovician^ — Devonian •.—Goldiiis, Calymene, Conolichas, Cyphaspis, Hoplo-
liclias.

Ordovician-Carboniferous : — Proctus.

Branchiopoda contain the following;

Devonian-Pleistocene : — Est her ia.

Ostracoda the following:

Ordovician-Devonian : — Beyrichia, Primitiella.

Ordovician-Carboniferous ■.—Aechmina, Bollia, Entoniis, Lepcrditia, Ulrichia.

Ordovician-Permian : — Primitia.

Ordovician-Recent : — Bairdia, Bythocypris, Cypridina, Cytherella, Macrocy-
Pris.

Silurian — Recent: — Pontocypris.

Permian-Recent : — Cy there.

Cirripedia the following:

Cambrian ?-Devonian : — Turrilepas.

Ordovician-Devonian : — Lepidocoleus.

Merostomata the following:

Ordovician-Devonian : — Pterygotiis.

Ordovician-Permian : — Eiirypterus.

Palaeontological Contributions from the N. Y. State Museum.

3. — On Some Cases of Reversion in Trilobites. — Sixteenth Rep. Di-
rector N. Y. State Museum and Sci. Dept., 1921, pp. 70-78, fig. 8-20.

The author remarks on Triarthrus spinosiis Billings that he has found this
characteristic trilobite of the Canadian Gloucester shales among material from
the upper Utica shales at Holland Patent, N. Y. These specimens exhibit a
series of three successive spines on the axis of the thorax on the eighth,
ninth and tenth axial rings, and also on the eleventh to the thirteenth thorax
segments. Finally also some of the pleurae of the thorax seem to have been
produced at times into long, recurving spines ; this is at least suggested by two
such spines found, apparently attached to a fragment of a pleura lying partly
below a specimen.

The peculiar lateral spine of the free cheek, and the series of long spines on
the posterior segments, are characters not seen in Ordovician or later trilo-
bites, but known in certain early Cambrian forms, especially of the family
Mesonacidae. Also the long nuchal spine on the occipital ring is very strongly
developed in the Mesonacidae, but rarely seen in Ordovician or later trilobites.

Ruedemann quotes Dr. Clarke's remarks on Proboloides aispidatus from the
Devonian in regard to the lateral spines on the cheeks.

On page 76 the author gives a list of Cambrian genera having an axial line
of spines, such as Alhertella, Zacathoides, N eolenns, Elliptocephala, Mesonacis,
Callavia, Hohnia, IVanneria, Paedeumias, Bathynriscus, Dolichometopus,
Ogygopsis and Asaphisais. These genera contain species with rows of long
spines or prominent mucros, while in the following Ordovician to Devonian
periods this feature becomes suppressed to such an extent that, for example,
in Barrande's array of trilobites not a single form with this row of spines is
found. Some Devonian trilobites of New York, viz.: Cryphaeus (Asteropyge)
hoothi, calliteles, Phacops cristatus and Calymene platys retain faint tubercles
on the axial line, and none, not even the highly spinose Acidaspidae, exhibit
rows of axial spines.

62 San Diego Society of Natural History

RuEDEMANN, RuDOLF. — Continued.

-5. — A New Eurypterid from the Devonian of New York, p. 88.

Pterygotus incxpectans sp. nov., p. 88, fig. 29-32.

-6. — Preservation of an Alimentary Canal in an Eurypterid, p. 92.

Ensarcus ncwelini Clatpole, p. 92, fig. 33-35.
7. — Notes on Car\ocaris Salter.

Caryocaris wrighti, p. 96, fig. 36; C. curvilatiis Gurley, p. 96, fig. 39-51.

Gurley referred the genus to the Graptolites from its supposed resemblance
to Dazvsouia.

Ruedemann referred it to the Crustacean order and to the Lower Ordovician
or Canadian instead of the Cambrian.

-On the Occurence of an Apus in the Permian of Oklahoma. —

Jour, of Geology, Vol. XXX, 1922, pp. 311-318, 5 figs, in text.
Apus bccdci sp. nov., fragments.

Carapace small, broadly eliptic, nearly circular in outline, with a small pos-
terior emargination, shield-like, and sloping from the subcentral apex, abruptly
forward, more gently backward. A transverse cervical fold situated about
one-fifth of the length of the carapace posterior to the anterior border; imme-
diately posterior to this several large, but slightly curved "shell glands" or ex-
cretory organs, beginning at either side of the median line, and extending
obliquely backward about half way to the lateral faces of the carapace, reach-
ing to about one-fifth of the length of the carapace from the posterior border.
Axial line marked behind the cervical fold by a distinct depression extending
about one-third of the distance toward the posterior border.

Permian near Elkeno.

The discovery of this form carried the range of the living genus Apus back
to Permian. The true Apus has only once been found in a fossil state from
the Buntsandstein of the Vigesian Mountains; Apus aiitiquus Schimper, in the
Triassic.

Salter, J. W. A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian
Fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge,
with a Preface by Rev. Adam Sedgwick, and a Table of Genera and
Index added by Prof. Morris, 1875.

Lower Cambrian.

Harlech group: Conocoryphc lyelli Hicks, p. 2.

St. David's group: Plutonia gen. nov. sedgwicki Hicks, p. 2, fig.

Leperditia (or Primitia?) prima Hicks.

Paradoxidcs harkncssi Hicks.

Microdiscus sculptus Hicks.

Agnostus camhrensis Hicks.

Middle Cambrian.

Menevian group: Agnostus princeps Salter; A. sp., p. 4, fig.; A. davidis
Salter; A. scarahaeoidcs Salter; A. camhrensis Hicks, and A. lagcna new
form; A. cscutalis Salter;^, harrandei Salter; .^4. eskriggei z'Hcks;^. reticula-
tiis Angelin ; A. acumcnsis Hicks.

Microdiscus punctatus Salter, p. 4, fig.

Holocephalina primordialis Salter, p. 4, fig.

Conocoryphc variolaris Salter, p. 5, fig.; C. applanaia Salter; C. humerosa
Salter, p. 5, fig.; C. hiifo Hicks; C? liomfrayi sp. nov.; C. sp.; C. coronata
Barr., p. 5 fig.

Eriniiys vennlosa Salter, p. 5, fig.

The fry of a Trilobite, p. 5, fig.

Paradoxides davidis Salter, p. 6, fig.; P. liicksii Salter; P. aurora Salter.

BlRLIOGRAPHY OF PaL^.OZOIC CRUSTACEA 63

Aiiopfllciiiis liciirici Salter, p. 6. fig.; A. saltcri Hicks, p. 6, fig.

Arioucllus longiccplialus Hicks Mss. p. 7, fig.

Olcnus .«■/>. (O. gibbosus) Belt. 1867, p. 7, fig.; O. cataractcs Salter.

Primitia solvcusis Jones; 1'. buprcstis Salter; P. vcxata Hicks.

Hy»iciiocaris »iojor Salter, sp. nov., p. 7, fig.

Ffestiniog group: Hymcnocaris vcrmicauda Salter, p. 10, fig.

Agnostus trisectus Salter; A. princeps Salter, p. 10, fig.

Oleniis juicninis Salter; O. plaiitii Salter, sp. nov., p. 11. fig.; O. (Para-
boliiia) spiiiulosiis W'ahl.; O. (Pcltiira) scarabacoidcs Wahl. ; O. (Sphacro-
plilliahntis) fhujcUifcr Aug., p. 11, fig.; O. (Spliacropht.) sp. ; O. (Sphacr-
oplit.) alatiis Boeck; O. (Spliacropht.) cxpansus sp. nov.; O. (Splmeropht.)
/!»jH!7/.s' Phillips ; O. (Spliacropht.) sp. ; O. (Sphaeropht.) bisnlcatus Phillips;
O. (Sphaeropht.) sp. ; 0. (Sphaeropht.) pcctcii Salter, p. 12, fig. '

Conocoryphe? ccorne Ang. ; C. ivilliamsoiii sp. nov., p. 12, fig. (The Bel-
tclla buccphahis Lake, 1919); C. (Coiioccphaliis) iurita Salt., p. 13, fig.; C
abdita Salt.

Dikeloccphahis ccllicus Salt., p. 13, fig.; Dikcloceplialiis sp.

Tremadoc Group : Niobe liomfrayi Salter, p. 14, fig.

Psiloccpliahis iiuwtatus Salter, p. 15, fig.; P. inflalus Salt.

Conocoryphe deprcssa Salt., p. 15, fig.; C. verisimilis Salt.

Dikelocephalus (Centro pleura) fiirca Salter, p. 15, fig.

Angelina sedgwickii Salt., p. 17, fig.

Dikelocephalus furca Salt., p. 17, fig.

Asaphus (Isotclus?) affinis McCoy; A. (Isotclits) homfrayl Salt., p. 17, fig.

Ogygia scutatri.v Salt, (hypostoma).

Cheirurns fredcrici Salter, p. 17, fig.

Skiddaw Group ;

Agnostus hirundo Salter, Mss., p. 2, fig.; A. niorei Salt.

Phacops nicholsoni Salter.

Calymcne z'cxaia Salt, (with Asaplms nienapiae) undescribed; C. ultima
Salter (C. ramsciac Hicks), undescribed; C. tristani Brong. ; C. parvifrons
Salter.

Dionide atra Salter.

Trinuclciis gibbsii, p. 23, fig.

Ampyx saltcri Hicks, Mss.

Homalojiotus sp. ( H. bisnlcatus) p. 22, fig.; H. monstrator Salt., unde-
scribed.

Aeglina caliginosa Salt.; A. boia Hicks; A. binodosa Salt., p. 23, fig.; A.
grandis Salt.

Ogygia selwynii Salt., p. 23, fig.; O. pcltata Salt.; O. sp.; O. bullina Salt.

Asaphus solvensis Hicks, Mss.; A. mcnapiae Hicks, undescribed, p. 3, fig.

Upper Cambrian, (Cambrian-Silurian).

Lower Bala Group: Cy there (Cytheropsis) aldensis McCoy, p. 31, fig.

Primitia, one or two species.

Beyrichia coinplicata Salter, p. 31, fig.

Agnostus jnaccoyii Salter; A. sp.

Diplorrhina triplicata syn., p. 31, fig.

Trinucleus favus Salt. (T. gibbifrons & T. caractaci McCoy, p. 144) p. 31,
fig.; T. fimbriatus Alurch. ( f. gibbifrons as var. of McCoy, p. 145.)

Ampyx nudus Murchison.

Conocoryphe monile Salt., sp. nov., p. 32, fig., Conocoryphe or Triarthrus.

Aeglina sp.; A. sp.

Ogygia cordensis; O. buchii Brong., p. 32, fig.; O. angustissinia Salter.

Barrandia (Ogygia) radians McCoy, p. 2)2>, fig.; B. cordai McCoy.

64 San Diego Society of Natural History

Salter, J. W. — Continued.

Asaphus? sp.

Lichas patriarchus Edge.

Cheirurus (Eccoptochile) sedgwickii McCoy.

Calymene cambrensis Salt., p. 33, fig.

Homalonotus bisulcaius Salter.

Asaphus (Isotelus) laticostatus McCoy, (not of Greene); A. tyrannus
Murch., p. 33 fig., hypostoma, p. 34, fig.

Illaenus crassicauda.

Middle Bala Group; Ceratiocarisf umbonatus Salt.

Primitia maccoyii Salt. Mss. ; P. maccoyii, var. ; P. strangiilata Salt., p. 48, fig.

Agnostus trinodus Salt.

Lichas laciniatus Dalm. ; L. laxatus McCoy; L. (Trochrus) nodulosus Salt.,
p. SO, fig.

Acidaspis brightii Murch., p. 50, fig.

Staurocephalus murchisoni Barr.

Sphaerexochtis boops Salt. (svn. Ceraurus clavifrons McCoy, pi. IF, fig. 12)
p. 50, fig.

Cheirurus juvenis Salter, {Ceraurus clavifrons McCoy, pi. IG, fig. 9), p. 51,
fig.; C. octolobatus McCoy.

Cybele verrucosa Dalm. ; C. rugosa Portl., p. 50, fig.

Encrinurus multiplicatus Salt. ; E. sexcostatus Salt.

Phacops (Acaste), p. 52, fig.; P. (Acaste) apiculatus Salt.; P. (Acaste)
alifrons Salt.; P. (Chasmops) macrourns Sjogren; P. (Chasmops) conicoph-
thahnus Boeck.

Calymene senaria Conrad; C. blumenbachii Brong. ; C. var. caractaci Salt.

Homalonotus bisulcatus Salt.; H. sedgwickii Salt.; H. rudis Salt.

Asaphusi powisii Murch. ; A. radiatus Salter.

Illaenus bowmanni Salt. ; ///. davisii Salt. ; ///. rosenbergii Eichwald ; ///. sp.

Harpes parvulus McCoy.

Upper Bala Group : Beyrichia complicata.

Phacops stokesii Milne Edw.

Cyphaspis megalops McCoy, p. 77, fig.

Cheirurus bimucronatus Murch.

Illaenus thompsoni Salter; ///. botvmani Salter.

Lichas bulbiceps? Salter & Phillips.

Encrinurus punctatus Briinn, p. 77^ fig. (the same fig. on p. 51) ; E. punctatus
arenaceus Salter.

Calymene blumenbachii Brong.

Phacops obtusicaudatus Salt. ; P. sp.

Silurian.

May Hill Group :

Crustacea.

Encrinurus punctatiis Briinn.

Cheirurus bimucronatus Murchison.

Phacops stokesii Milne Edw. ; P. zveaveri Salt. ; P. caudatus Brong.

Illaenus thompsoni Salter.

Proetus stokesi Murch., p. 56, fig.

Silurian.

Lower Wenlock Group :

Homalonotus cylindricus Salt.

Phacops downingiae Murch. and var. cuneatus Salt.; P. caudatus. corrugatus
Salt.; P. stokesii Milne Edw.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 65

Acidasf'is liuglicsii sp. nov., p. 93, fig.

Phyllopoda.

Peltocaris a)iatina sp. nov., p. 93, fig.

Wenlock Group :

Lichas, p. 130, fig.; Lichas snttalis Salt. mss. ; L. saltcri Fletcher; L. grayi'i
Fletcher & Salter; L. hirsutus F. & S. ; L. harrandei F. & S. ; L. anglicus
Beyrich.

Chcirurus Beyrich, Cheirurus himucronattis Murchison.

Eucrinuriis Emm rich ; E. punctahis Briinn ; E. variolaris Brong.

Sphaerexochns Beyrich, S. minis Bey., p. 131, fig.

Staurocephalus Barr., S. imirchisoni Barr.

Phacops dow)iingiac Murch. and var. constrictus Salt.; P. stokesii Milne
Edw. ; /-*. musli(.'>ii Salt.; P. caudatus Brong.; P. longicaudatns Murch. and
var. ; P. grindrodiamis, also var. armiger Salt. ; P. tnheradato-caudatus Salt.

Calymciie Brong. C. bliimenhachii Brong.; C. tuberculosa Salt.

Homalonotus Kcinig, p. 133, fig., H. delphi)ioccpIialus Green; A. johannis
Salt.

Illaenus insignis Hall.

Cyphaspis Burmeister, C. megalops, p. 133, fig.

Proetus Steiningcr, p. 133, fig., P. sp.; P. latifrons McCoy; P. fletcheri
Salt. ; P. stokesii Murch.

Acidaspis M\irchison, p. 134, fig.; A. coronata Salt.; A. brightii Murch.; A.
dama Fletcher & Salter; A. quinquespinosa F. & S. ; A. barrandei Ang.

Lower Ludlow Group :

Ceratiocaris McCoy, p. 165, fig.; C. leptodactylus McCoy; C. robustus Salter.

Ptyygotus (Agassiz), p. 165, fig.; P. ? ; P. arcuatus Salter.

Slimonia Page, p. 165, fig.; S. punctata.

Proetus latifrons McCoy, p. 165, fig.

Phacops downingiae Murch.; P. (Portlockia) stokesii Milne Edw., p. 166.
fig.

Calymne bliinienbachii Brong.; C. tuberculosa Salt.

Acidaspis coronata Salter, p. 166, fig.

Upper Ludlow Group :

Phyllopoda.

Dictyocaris slimoni Salter, p. 177, fig.

Beyrichia klocdeni McCoy, and var. plicata McCoy.

Ceratiocaris inornatus McCoy, p. 178, fig.; C. solenoides McCoy; C. papilio
Salt. ; C. atygius Salt. ; C. cllipticus McCoy.

Hemiaspis aculeatus Salter, p. 178, fig.
Eurypterida (Hemiaspis) .

Eurypterus cephalaspis Salt.; E. lanceolatus Salt.

Pterygotns sp.; P. bilobus Salt., p. 179, fig.; Pterygofus 2 sp. ; P. perornatus
Salt. ; P. gigas; P. banksii Salt.

Slimonia acuminata Salt.; S. sp. nov?
Beyrichia kloedeni McCoy, p. 189, fig.
Leperditia marginata Keys, p. 189, fig.

ScHLUETER, Clemens. Ucbcr Trilohifcs verticalis Burm. und Pliillipsia
z'crnciiili Barr., 1846. — Verhandl. der naturhist. Verein.s fiir Rhein-
land und Westf., Sitzungsl).. 1880. p. 226.

Zuletzt legte Redner Cryphacus (Asteropyge) limhatus aus den

Dachschiefern von Bundenbach vor. — Sitzungsb. der Niederrhein-
ischen Ges. in Bonn, 1881. p. 77.

66 San Diego Society of Natural History

ScHLUETER, Clemens. — Continued.

Legte einen der Gruppe der Merostomen angehorigen Krebs aus

den Rheinischen Unter Devon vor. — Sitzungsb. der Niederrheinischen
Ges. in Bonn, 1881, p. 210.
Eurypteriis cf. pygmaeus Salter.

Schmidt, E. Cryphaeiis in den Siegener Schichten. — Monatsberichte der
Deutsch. Geol. Ges., 1907, pp. 1-12, fig. in text.
Cryphaeiis (Asteropyge) atavus sp. nov., pi. 10, fig.

Schumacher, R. Ueber Trilobitenreste aus dem Unterkarbon im
ostlichen Theil des Rossbergmassivs in den Siidvogesen. — Zeitschr.
Deutsch. Geol. Ges., Vol. 55, 1903, pp. 432-438, pi. 19.

Schwartz, . South African Palaeozoic Fossils. — Record Albany

Museum, Vol. 1, 1906, pp. 347-404, plates 6-10.

Seem AN, F. Das Alittebohmische Obersilur, und Delongebiet S. W. der
Beraun. — Beitrage zur Palaeont. & Geol. Oesterreich-Ungarns, Bd. 20,
1907, pp. 69-114, pi. IX, X.

Shipley A. E. Introduction to Arachnida and Xiphosura. — The Cam-
bridge Nat. Hist., Vol. IV, 1920, pp. 253-279, figs, in text 151-160.

Palaeozoic.

Subfamily 1, Xiposuridae.

Genera, Hemiaspis, limnloides, fig. 159; Belimunis reginae, fig. 160.

In the Palaeozoic genera the median or axial part of the dorsal surface is
raised and distinctly limited on each side, so presenting a trilobed appearance
similar to that of Trilobites. In NcoUinuliis, Bclinunis and Prestivichia lateral
eyes are present on the sides, on the axial parts of the carapace, and near its
front margin ; median eyes have been found in the two last named genera.

The author also remarks that Aglaspis has been regarded as a Xiphosuran.
Other genera of Palaeozoic Xiphosura are Bunodes, Bunodella, Pseudomiscus,
Protoliviuius and Prolimulus.

The generic name Prestiwichia Woodward, 1867, not Lubbock, 1863, is a
synonym and the genus Eiiproops is available in its place.

SiEBURG, R. Ueber transversale Schieferung im Thiiringischen Schie-

fergebirge (Inaugural-Dissertation). — Zeitschr. fiir Prakt. Geol. Vol.

17, 1909, pp. 233-262, figs, plate 3.

The plate illustrates "Trilobiten aus dem ostthiiringischen Griffelschiefer,"
fig. 12-15 without description.

SiEMiRADZKi, J. VON. Die Palaozoischcn Gebilde Polodiens 11. — Beit-
rage Palaeontoesterr. — Ung., Vol. 19, 1906, pp. 213-286.

SjoBERG, SiG. Beschreibung einer neuen Trilobiten-Art aus dem Schwar-
zen Trinucleusschiefer Ostergothlands. — Geol. Forens, Forhandl., Bd.
40, 1918, pp. 457-460, pi. 7.

Gives list of the Ostergothlands Trinticletis beds.

Tclephus luegelini Ang. ; Proetus papyraceus Tornquist, Trinucleus seticornis
His.; Calymene irinuclcina Linrs. ; RcmopJenrides radians Barr. ; Ampyx port-
locki Barr., of the Trilobites.

Ostracoda.

Lepidocoleiis suecicns Mbg. ; Plumulitcs sp.

With figs, and description of Niobe cunctatrix sp. nov., p. 458, pi. 7, fig. 1, 2.
from Ullnas.

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 67

SoBOLEV, D. Materialien ziir Geologic Russlands. (In Russian). — The
Middle Devonian of the Kielce-Sandomir Mountains. — Kaiserlichen
Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, Bd. 24, 1909.
Trilobita :

Brontcus gniiiiilaius Golf., p. 381, p. 3, fig. 1.

Pliacof's sp. (cf. fccitndiis Barr.), p. 382; F. latifrons Bronn, p. 382; P.
schlothcimi Broiiii, p. ZiS; P. brcviccps Barr., p. 383, pi. 3, fig. 6a, b; P. cf.
breviccps Barr., p. 384, pi. 3, fig. 3, 4; P. sp., p. 386, pi. 3, fig. 5a-c.

Acidospis sp. Giir., p. 387.

Cyphaspis sp., p. 387.

Proetus crassirnargo A. Roemer, p. 388, pi. 3, fig. 7; P. margaritaceus
Giirich, p. 388; P. sp., p. 389; P. pxriforniis Giir., p. 389; P. cf. cornutus
Foldf., p. 389.

DechencUa? donibroiciciisis Giirich, p. 389, pi. 3, fig. 8, 9; D. polonica Giir.,
p. 392, (both referred by Richter to subgenus Eiidechenella).

Ostracoda :

Entomis sp., p. 392 & 393.

Leperditia amphiporae Giirich, p. 393.

Priiiiitia liitiniliforiiiis Giirich, p. 393; P. iihiqua Giirich, p. 393; P. oniatis-
sinia Giir., p. 393; P. plana Giir., p. 393; P. Icntifortiiis Giir., p. 393; P. fabae-
formis Giir., p. 393; P. sp., p. 393.

Priniitiopsis? pisciformis Gur., p. 394.

Bcyrichia? trigonata Giir., p. 394.

Bollia sp., p. 394.

Polyzygia symmetrica Giirich, p. 394.

Poloniclla dcvonica Giirich, p. 394.

SoMMER, K. Die Fauna des Culm vcn Konigsberg bei Giessen. — N. J.
fiir Min., Beilage. Bd. 28, 1909, pp. 611-660, pi. 27-30.
Crustacea :

Phillipsia eichvcaldi hassiaca, p. 652, pi. 29, fig. 17, (pygidium).
Phillipsia gonmulifcra, p. 652, pi. 28, fig. 6, (pygidium).

Spriestersbuch, Julius, & Fuchs, Alexander. Die Fauna der Rem-

scheider Schichten. — Abhandl. Geol. Landesanstalt, N. F., Heft 58,

1909.

Crustacea :

Beyrichia montana sp. nov., p*. 48, pi. 7, fig. 11, 11a; pi. 8, fig. 1, 2; B.
embryoniformis sp. nov., p. 50, pi. 7, fig. 8-10.

Entomis sp., p. 51.

Cryphaeus sp., p. 51.

Staff, Hans von und Reck, Hans. Ueber die Lebensv^eise der Trilobit-
en. — Sitz. der Gesellschaft Nat. Freunde zu Berlin, No. 2, Jahrb.,
1911, pp. 130-146, 19 figs.

The use of the pygidium as a swimming organ, suggested by Spencer in
Geol. Mag., Decade IV, Vol. 10, 1911, on theoretical grounds, was well de-
veloped by the authors from a mechanical standpoint, and elaborated by evi-
dence from ontogeny, phvlogeny and musculature, providing the animal with
a swifter means of locomotion. Bj' a sudden flap of this large fin, a backward,
darting motion could be obtained, which would be invaluable as a means of
escape from enemies.

Staflf and Reck seem to think that in this movement the two shields were
clapped together, and that the animal was projected along, with the hinge-like
thorax forward.

68 San Diego Society of Natural History

Staff, Hans von und Reck, Hans. — Continued.

The authors give entire figures of OlentUus (Holniia) broggeri, fig. 1 ;
Harpes ungida, fig. 2, 3; Olenellus ihompsoni, fig. 4; Dalmanites caudatus, fig.
5 ; Microdisciis speciosiis, fig. 6 ; Agnostus pisiformis, fig. 7 ; Leiagnostus er-
raticiis, fig. 8; Microdisciis bellimargiitatus, fig. 9; Acglina rediviva, fig. 10;
A. pachycephala, fig. 11; A. prisca, fig. 12; lUaenns schmidti, fig. 13, 14;
Brontciis brongniarti, fig. 15; Asaplius kowalewski, fig. 16; Illatnns siniiatus,
fig. 17; Deiphon forbesi, fig. 18; Acidaspis mira, fig. 19.

Stainer, X. Stratigraphie du bassin Huiller de Charleroi et de la Basse-

Sambre. — Bull. Soc. Beige de Geol. & Paleont. &c., Tome XV,

1901, p. 43.

Announces the discovery of the thorax, apparently of a new species of
Prestwichia (Euproops).

Stauffer, Clinton R., Hubbard, G. D. & Brownocker, J. A. Geology
of the Columbus Quadrangle. — Bull. Geol. Sur. Ohio, 14, Ser. 4,
1911, pp. 1-33, pi. 8-13.

Not descriptive ; figures on plates.

PI. XL Phacops cristatus Hall, fig. 3, 4; Chasmops calypso Hall, fig. 5;
Coronura diurus Green, fig. 6, 7; Proetus rowei? Green, fig. 9.

PI. Xn. Phacops rana, fig. 24.

PI. XHI. Phillipsia lodiensis Meek, fig. 15.

Steinmann, . See Knod, R. von.

Stephens, T. On the discovery of Trilobites and other Silurian Fossils
in Tasmania. — Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania, 1874. p. 27.

Straelen, V. Van. See Van Straelen, V.

Svenonius, Fr. Beskrifning till Kartbladen Forsmark och Bjorn. —
Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser. A/a. No. 98 & 99.

Seite 31, Nach den Bestimmungen der Herren J. C. Moberg und G. O. von
Schmalensee, gehore die hier vorkommenden FossiUen zu folgenden Arten.

Crustacea :

Low^er Orthocerenkalk.

Megalaspis linibata Boeck; M. stenorachis Ang.

Niobe cf. emarginula Aug.; A'^. sp.

Illacnus esmarcki Schlot.

SwiNNERTON, H. H. The Facial Suture of Trilobites. — Geol. Mag., De-
cade VI, Vol. 6, 1919, pp. 103-110.
This paper takes under consideration the following questions :
The segmentation of the head ; the position of the eye ; the ecdysial line in
Mesonacidae ; the ecdysial line in Agnostidae ; the ecdysial line in Trinuclei-
dae; the incorrect usage of embryological evidence.

The Trilobites are Monophyletic.

Suggestions for a Revised Classification of Trilobites.— Geol.

Mag., Decade VI, Vol. 2, 1915, pp. 487-496 & 538-546.

The author remarks that Beecher's classification has been adopted without
modifications of its broad lines by English and American, but not by all con-
tinental writers. Among the latter, Giirich and Jaeckel have recently suggested
systems which differ materially from Beecher.

Swinnerton gives Giirich's classification on p. 488, and remarks that Jaekel,
after careful study of the Agnostidae, considers that these Trilobites are
sufficiently distinct from all others to warrant their being placed in a separate

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 69

division equal in value to that containing all other Trilobites. He therefore
proposed the name Aliomcra for those which, like Agnostidae and Microdisci-
dae, have only three trunk segments, and Pliomera for all with six or more
free segments.

Swinnerton's classification of Trilobites.

Progressive stages :

Micropygous, without free cheeks. (Order Protoparia.)

Heteropygous, with free cheecks, which may be lost secondarily.

Isopygous.

Order Opisthoparia :'

Mesonacidae ; Homopleuridae; Paradoxidae ; Zacanthoidae ; Proetidae ;
Olenidae ; Oryctocephalidae ; Conocoryphidae ; Selenopleuridae ; Ptychoparidae ;
Dikelocephalidae ; Bathyuridae ; Asaphidae ; Illaenidae ; Calymenidae ; Homa-
lonotidae ; Trinucleidae ; Harpedidae ; Raphioridae ; Ellipsocephalidae ;
Aeglinidae ; Shumardidae.

Odontopleurides : Lichadidae; Bronteidae.

Order Proparia :

Encrinuridae ; Cheiruridae; Phacopidae ; Burlingidae ; Agnostidae?

All those families whose descent can be traced back to the Conocoryphid
type of primitive Trilobites may be placed in the suborder Conocoryphida,
which may be broken into four sections, viz : Conocoryphina ; Olenina ;
Ptychoparina ; and Calymenina.

ToRLEY. K. Die Fauna des Schledenhofes bei Iserlohn, (Devonian). —
Abhandl. der Koniglich Preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt, N. F. 53, 1908, pp.
1-56, plates I-X.
XI. Trilobita, p. 46.
Bronteus granulatiis Goldf.
Pliacops breviccps Barr.
Proetus cornutus Goldf.

Trigonaspis? cornnta Sandber., 1856, pi. 3, fig. 3.
Proetus crassimargo Roem. ; P. cf . astyanax Holz.
Cypliaspis hydrocephala Maurer.
Lichas sp.
Harpes sp.

ToucHE, J. D. La. See La Touche, J. D.

Troedsson, Gustaf T. On Skanes Brachypodskiffer, 104 pages, 2 plates,
13 figs, in text. — Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, N. F. Avd. 2, Bd. 15, No. 3.
— Kungl. Fvsiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, N. F., Bd. 30, No. 3,
1918.

The author notes the following species with descriptions and illustrations,
and an English summary.

Phyllocaridia :
Ceratiocaris sp.
Cirrepedia :

Lepidocoleus suecicus Mrg.
Ostracoda :

Primitiella tcnera Linrs. ; P. harpanim sp. nov. ; P. conica sp. nov. ; P. bursa
scanensis var. nov.; P. ?bilba sp. nov.; P. cf. tolli Bonnema.
Aechmina gronwalli sp. nov.

Ctenobolbiita scxpapillosa sp. nov. ; C. rara sp. nov.
Bollia harparum sp. nov.; B. biplicata sp. nov.
Jonesina rectangularis sp. nov.
Trilobita :

70

San Diego Society of Natural History

Troedsson, Gustaf T. — Continued.

Dalmanitcs eucentriis Ang. (Olin emend.) ; D. miicronatiis Brong. ; D. kiaeri
sp. nov.

Ampyx aciis sp. nov.

Trimicleiis sp.

Homalonotiis platynotus Dalm.

Acidaspis olini sp. nov.

Harpes sp.

Proetus sp.

Bibliography Om Skanes Brachyopodskiffer, pp. 100-104.

The author gives a comparison between Dahnanites eucentrns and D. niu-
cronatiis.

Frontal limb

D. encentnis D. mucronatus

Very thin, commonly not Broader and well de-
visible. veloped.

Lateral furrows of gla- Shallow,
bella

Deep.

Frontal lobe

Posterior branch, facial
suture

Without tubercles.

Eyes

Pygidium, axis rings
Pleurae

Furrows of lateral
tions

por-

Slightly sigmoid.

Covered with coarse tu-
bercles.

Strongly sigmoid, (young
specimens ; largest
specimens more like D.
encentnis.)
Reaching from the an-
terior to the middle, Ephebic specimens, large,
(large specimens) or reaching from the an-
to between the middle terior to the posterior
and posterior pair of pair of lateral furrows,
furrows (ephebic spec- Larger specimens like
imens.) D. encentnis.

8-9.

6-7; anterior part about
half as broad as the
nosterior, which widens
outward.

11-13.

8-9; two halves equally
developed. N e a n i c
specimens sometimes
like D. encentnis.

Oblique and interpleural Oblique furrows gener-
furrows equally devel- allj^ more marked than
oped. interpleural ones.

The ontogenetic development of D. encentnis is closely allied to that of D.
socialis.

The nepionic stage of development of the head has more pleurae than adult
specimens, which depends on the fact stated by Richter that the posterior
pleurae tend to fuse along the axis.

D. encentnis belongs perhaps to that primitive section of the Dalmanitcs
group which has been termed Dahnaiiitina Reed, but the strange alternation of
the appearance of the two named species, in the succeeding life zoaeas, sug-
gests more, that D. encentnis is an immature stage of D. mucronatus, and a
result of retarding external circumstances, after the ceasing of which, a per-
fect development has taken place.

Ulrich E. O. Ordovician Hvpoparian Genera of Trilobites. — Abstr.
BulL GeoL Soc. Am., Vol iZ, 1922, pp. 205-206.

The author discussed the character, interrelations, stratigraphic position, and

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 71

geologic distribution of the Agnostidac, Trimicleidae, and Ampyxidae found in
the Ordovician formation in America.

Most of the genera were shown to have originated in the North American
Atlantic realm, from which they invaded the Appalachian Valley troughs.

Only Cryptolithus seems to have had a more southern origin, most of its
species having invaded the interior continental seas by way of the Mississippi
embayment.

Trinucleidae Sr Harpcidae.

The author disapproved the prevailing view that the marginal suture of
species of these families corresponded to the facial suture. He opposed the
view that the facial suture in these trilobites ran as in the Opisthoparia and
became closed by fusion early in the life of the individual.

He held that the marginal suture became a necessary convenience in moult-
ing and possible through the lateral and the posterior extension of the epi-
stoma. He remarks that OlciicUns has a ventral plate that is comparable to
the ventral plate of the cephalon of Harpcs.. As is well known, the facial
suture in OlciicUiis is quite as well fused as in Harpcs.

Endymionidae.

The author questioned the desirability of the family Endymionidae Ray-
mond, and dissents from the prevailing practice of referring all Ordovician
Harpeidae. except Harpidcs. to Eoharpcs Raymond. He prefers to retain
most of them in the genus Harpes.

Ampyxidae.

He remarks that RapJiiopJioriis Angelin cannot be separated satisfactorily
from Ampyx, but Lonchodomus is distinguishable by differences in the facial
suture and in the anterior margin of the cephalon.

Ampyxina hasslcri gen. nov. et sp. nov.

A new genus is proposed for a small Ampyxid with a small and verv short
rostral spine, obovate glabella, small pair of isolated posterior lateral glabellar
lobes and 4 to 5 thorax segments. The pygidium differs from Ampyx and
Lonchodomus in wanting the thick, striated and beveled posterior edge.

^Maquoketa shale, Louisiana, Missouri.

Some six species are known, bvit older than the genotype, Lower Trenton
and Chazyan, not at present described. Rowley illustrated and described as
gen.? sp. ? Amp\zina hasshri in the Geol. of Pike Countv, Mo., Bur. Mines,
Vol 8, 1909, p. 60, pi. 15, fig. 12-14.

Van Straelen, V. Ouelqucs Eumalacostraces Nouveanx chi Westpha-
lien Inferieure d'Argenteau pres Lie. — Ann. Soc. Geol. de Belgique,
Tome XLV. Memoires. 1922. pp. 35-40. plate 2.

Palaeocaris lohesti, sp. nov., p. 36, fig. 1 in text; pi. 2, fig. 1.

Compared with P. burnetti Woodward, the new species diflfers in the telson
and uropodes, which are of the same length in P. biirnetti, but in P. lohesti
the length of the uropodes is three times that of the telson.

Perimcctnrns fraypouti, sp. nov., p. 37, fig. 2 in text; pi. 2, fig. 2, 3, 5.

The author divides the genus Perimecturus Peach into two groups :

Group 1. P. parki Peach; P. stocki Peach; P. commtmis Peach.

Group 2. P. elcgans Peach; P. patloni Peach; P. ensifer Peach; P. fray-
pouti Straelen.

Anthracomysis rostrata, sp. nov., p. 39, fig. 5 in text; pi. 2, fig. 4.

The genus is placed under a new^ subfamily, Anthracomysidinae.

Sur la presence d'un Xiphosure dans le Westphalien des Environs

de Liege. — Ann. Soc. Geol. de Belgique. Tome XLV, Bulletin. 1922,
pp. 91, 92.

Prestwichia rotundata de Koninck, 1881, (pro parte) is referred to
Prestwichianella (for de Koninck's figures of the pjgidia. No. 1 & 2).

12 San Diego Society of Natural History

Venukov, p. N. Die Fauna der Silurischen Ablagerungen des Gouverne-
ments Podolien. — Verb. Russ. K. Min. Ges., Ser. XIX, 1899, pp. 21-
266, pi. 1-9.

ViNASSA, Regny p. E.de. Fauna dei Calcari con RhvncIioncUa meqaera
del Passo di Volaia.— Bull. Soc. Geol. Ital., Vol. 27, 1909. pp. 547-592,
fig. pi. 20.

Wade A. On the Llandovery and Associated Rocks of North-Eastern
Montgomeryshire. — Ouart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 67, 1911, pp. 415-
459, pi. 33-36.

Notes on the Palaeontology of the area, pp. 449-456.

Trinuclcus intermedins sp. nov. The name intermedins was used by Miinster
for a species of Trimicleiis in 1842, which is now referred to Goldius snbra-
diatus.

This remarkable species is readily distinguished from Cryptolitliiis concen-
tricus by the large, pendent ears of the fringe and the direct backward exten-
sion of the spines. From T. lloydii it is distinguished by the subtriangular tail.

Dionide sp?

Ostracoda :

Melanella gen. nov.

Carapace small, equivalve, moderately convex, rather flattened anteriorly,
straight ; valves with a small, faintly raised, horseshoe ridge confined to the
posterior half, enclosing a small, semi-circular sulcus; eyes simple.

Melanella homidiscus sp. nov.

PrimitieUa unicornis Ulrich.

Priniitia nlrichi Jones; P. tuniidnla Ulrich.

Ctenoholhina cf. ciliata Emmons.

BoUia lata Vanuxem.

Krausella arcuata Ulrich.

Walcott, Charles D. Cambrian Geology and Palaeontology. IV. No.
3, Fauna of the Mount Whvte Formation. — Smith. Misc. Coll.. Vol.
67, No. 3, 1917, pp. 62-114, pi. 8-14.

Agranlos charops sp. nov.; A.? unca sp. nov.

Olenopsis cleora sp. nov. ; 0. crito sp. nov. ; O. leuka sp. nov.

Ptychoparia adina sp. nov.; P. carina sp. nov.; P.? cercops sp. nov.; P.?
cleadas sp. nov. ; P. cleon sp. nov. ; P. chisia sp. nov. ; P. cosus sp. nov. ; P.
pia sp. nov. ; P. skapta sp. nov. ; P. thia sp. nov. ; Ptychoparia sp. undetermined.
cunras sp. nov. ; P. gogensis sp. nov. ; P. lux sp. nov. ; P. perolo{ sp. nov. ; P.

Crepicephalus cecinna sp. nov. ; C. celer sp. nov.

Dorypyge damia sp. nov.

The author remarks that P.? cicadas may be readily separated from other
species of the genus Ptychoparia by its verj^ small size and angular outline, its
sharply defined trapezoidal glabella, and its very small anterior eye, placed far
forward so that the posterior lobe is consequently very wide, &c.

(It might be compared with Lloydia.)

Cambrian Geology and Palaeontology, IV. No. 4. Appendages of

Trilobites.— Smith. M'isc. Coll., Vol. 67, No. 4, 1918, pp. 115-216, pi.
14-42, figs, in text 1-3.

Description of species with appendages.

Neolenus serratus (Rominger) ; Kootenia dawsoni (Walcott) ; Isoteliis max-
imus Locke; /. covingtonensis Ulrich? Mss. ; Triarthrus becki Green; Ptycho-
paria cordillerae (Rominger) ; Calymene senaria Conrad: Ccraurus pleurex-

BinUOGRAPHV OF PALEOZOIC CRUSTACEA 73

anthcmus Green; Odontopleura Irentonensis (Hall); Cryptolithus concentri-
ciis Eaton.

Section 2. Structure of the Trilobite.

Respiration of the Trilobite.

Restoration of the ventral appendages, &c.

Comparison with Crustaceans.

Comparisons of early authors.

Walcott compares the Trilobite with other modern crustaceans (e. g. Mysi-
dacea, Euphausiacea, and some of the Schizopods), but they would only go
to prove that the Trilobite is a primitive crustacean far back on the line of
descent from the original crustacean type which existed in pre-Cambrian or
Liparian time.

Cambrian Geolosjv and Palaeontology, IV. No. 7. Notes on Struc-

ture of N colciiKs. —Simth. Misc. Coll., Vol. 67, 1921, No. 7, pp. 365-

456, text figs. 15-23, pi. 91-105.

Notes on ventral appendages of Ncolenus serratus by E. O. Ulrich, Ru-
dolph Ruedemann and R. S. Bassler, with comments by C. D. Walcott.

The distinctness of epipodites from exopodites, with figures and descriptions;
also supplementary notes on Ceraurns pleiirexanthemns, Calymciie senaria and
TriartJinis becki, on the spiral branches, exopodite and pygidial endopodites
of Triarthrus.

Internal organs, alimentary canal, abdominal sheath, hepatic glands, heart,
musculature.

Use of pygidium in swimming. Coxopodites and trails of Trilobites. Iso-
teliis maxinms Lock. Ordovician crustacean leg, &c.

Walter G. T. Upper Cambrian Trilobites. — Proc. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol.
32, No. 1, 1921, pp. 128-129.

The author remarks that as far as now known onl}' three trilobites have
been reported from the Upper Cambrian of Iowa, viz; Dikelocephalus niinne-
soteusis, Illaeimrus quadratus and a new species, Illaciinrus calviui. These
species are found in the Saint Lawrence limestone near Lansing, Iowa.

The first reference to Illaenunis calvini was in Geol. Sur., Vol. IV, p. 58.
The species differs from /. quadratus in the presence of long postero-lateral
extensions of the fixed cheeks.

Wedekind, Rud. Palaontologische Beitrage zur Geologie des Keller-
waldes. — Abhandl. der Koniglich Preusschen Geol. Landesanstalt, N.
F., Heft 69, 1914, pp. 83, pi. 5, Zweiter Theil. Trilobiten, pp. 23-82,
pi. 1-5.

Die Phacopiden des Obersilurs im Kellerwalde.

A. Morphologie der Trilobiten mit bcsonderer Riicksicht auf die Phaco-
piden. Fig. 1-3, thorax segments; fig. 4, Acaste brongniarii.

B. Klassifikation der Phacopiden.

1. Phacops s. str. Gruppe des PJiacops latifrons Bronn.

Phacops fecimdus, schlotheimi, breviceps, boecki, ferdinandi, niunieri,
douvillei, bufo, cacapoiia, rana.

2. Trimerocephalus McCoy, em. Wedekind.

Trimerocephalus cryptophthalmns, graiiulatits, caecus, sidcatxis, brcvis-
si}niis, sp. drevcrmanui, anoplitlialmus.
(Gortani, 1907, places the genus under two subgenera, Eutrimerocephalus
and Microphthalmus.)

3. Recdia gen. nov., Gruppe des Phacops bronni.

Recdia cephalotes, sternbergi, bronni. fig. 5 and 6, Reedia cephalotes after
Barrande.

74 San Diego Society of Natural History

Wedekind, Rud. — Continued.

4. Glockcria gen. nov. Gruppe des Phacops glockeri Barr. fig. 7 and S;

Glockeria trapeziceps, fig. 9; Denckinannites volborthi, fig. 10; Trimero-

cephaltis cryptophtlialmiis.

Glockeria hulliceps, trapeziceps, glockeri.
C. Ueberslcht uber die Genera und Subgenera der Phacopiden.

I. Unterfamilie Dalmanitinae Reed.

a. Subgenus Dalamanitina Reed.

b. Subgenus Hausmannia Hall & Clarke.

2. Genus Odontocephalus Conrad.

3. Genus Glockeria Wedekind, 1911.

(McLearn, 1918, places this genus under Phacopidclla Reed.)

a. Subgenus Glockeria s. str.

b. Subgenus Denckmannites Wedekind, 1913.
n. Unterfamilie Phacopidinae.

4. Genus Acaste Goldfuss, 1843, (referred to Dalmanitcs Reed.)

a. Subgenus Cryphaens Green, 1837, (referred to Asteropyge
(Corda.)

5. Genus Phacops Emmrich.

a. Subgenus Phacops s. str.

b. Subjenus Tritnerocephalus McCoy, 1849.

c. Subgenus Reedia Wedekind, 1911.

Dl. Unterscheidende Kennzeichen der Arten von Phacops s. str.

(a) 1. Phacops pompcckji sp. nov.; 2. P. elcgantuhis sp. nov.

(b) 1. Phacops planilintbatus sp. nov.; 2. P. rubidns sp. nov.; 3. P.

tetriciis sp. nov.

Der Basallobus.

PJiacops fecundus ex P. schlotheimi, latifrons.
Die Augen, &c.

a. Auge mit Palpebralhiigel.

1. Phacops globosus sp. nov.; 2. P. fccimdus communis Barr.

b. Die Augen Mitte der Wagen.

1. Basalseitenloben geknotet, P. denckmanni sp. nov.

2. Basalseitenloben nicht geknotet, P. rubidus sp. nov.

3. Basallobus, glabellar-furchen, &c., P. siiperstes, brcviccps, in-
termedins, signatus, koeneni, batracheus.

D2. Beschreibung der Arten von Phacops s. str.

(1) Gruppe des Phacops pompeckji Wedekind.

1. P. pompeckji sp. nvo., p. 42, pi. 1, fig. 68 and text fig. 12.

2. P. elegant itlns sp. nov., p. 43, pi. 1, fig. 2 and text fig. 11.

(2) Gruppe des Phacops breviceps Barr.

(3) Gruppe des Phacops fecundus Barr. (var. major).

(4) Gruppe des Phacops planilimbatus Wedekind.

3. P. planilimbatus sp. nov., pi. 2, fig. 4 and text fig. 13.

4. P. tetricus spj nov. p. 48, pi. 2, fig. 1.

5. P. rubidus sp. nov., p. 50, pi. 3, fig. 4 and text fig. 14.

(5) Gruppe des Phacops globosus Wedekind.

6. P. globosus sp. nov., p. 51, i pi. 2, fig. 3, text fig. 16.

7. P. globosus sp. nov., p. 51, pi. 2, fig. 3, text fig. 17.

8. P. fecundus communis Barr., pi. 2, fig. 5; pi. 3, fig. 3; pi. 4, fig. 1,
text fig. 15.

(6) Gruppe des Phacops prim,aevus Clarke.

Bibliography of Pal^^lOzoic Crustacea 75

9. P. ditrus sp. nov., pi. 3, fig. 6, text fig. 19, p. 57.

10. P. latits sp. nov., p. 59, pi. 2, fig. 2, text fig. 18.

E. Unterschcidendc Kcnnzeicheii der Arten vom Reedia gen. nov.
R. glabella; R. zorgensis Kays.; R. ceplialotes Barr.

Die Augcn, &c.

a. Reedia stenibergi.

b. Basalseitcnloben : R. clarki sp. nov.

c. Glabella von Griefumscblagform : (a) Koptscbild, R. n'alcotti
sp. nov.; (b) Kop'fchild lang und sclimal. R. slei)ihornensis sp.
nov.
Augen klein und flach, &c. : (a) Glabella am vorderrande breit und
kurz gerundet; (b) Basallobus vorn und binter, ])reite Furcben, &c.

a. Basis der Glabella unverhaltnissmassig schmal, Reedia frie-
derici sp. nov.

b. Basis der Glabella breit, Kopfschild nur wenig breiter als lang,
R. bronni.

Kopfschild kurz und breit, R. holmi sp. nov.

a. Basallobus seitwarts unverkiirzt, Basalseitcnloben ungeknotet,
R. piiniaez-a sp. nov.

b. Glabella von Briefumschlagform, R. aciiticeps Kaj's.

F. Beschreibung der Arten von Reedia gen nov.

(7) Gruppe des Phacops (Reedia) sephalotes Barr., p. 71.

11. Reedia lotzi sp. nov., p. 61, ul. 5, fig. 2.

(8) Gruppe des Phacops {Reedia) bro)ini Barr., p. 62.

12. Reedia primaeva sp. nov., p. 62, pi. 3, fig. 5.

13. Reedia friederici sp. nov., pi. 3, fig. 2; pi. 4, fig. 3, text fig. 20 21.

14. Reedia holmi sp. nov., pi. 5, fig. 3.

(9) Gruppe des Pacops (Reedia) steiiihorneiisis sp. nov.

15. Reedia steinhornensis sp. nov., pi. 4, fig. 4, text fig. 24.

16. Reedia. walcotti sp. nov., p. 69, pi. 3, fig. 1, text fig. 22 and 25.

17. Reedia clarkei sp. nov., pi. 4; fig. 2, text fig. 23 and 26.
Anhang, Phacopiden, P\gidien, p. 71.

18. Phacops sp. I.

19. Phacops sp. 2.

20 Phacops sp. 3, p. 72.

G. Genus Acaste Goldfuss ; Subgenus Cryphaeiis Green.
H. Genus Dalmaiiitcs Barr.

21. Hansntannia sp.l.

22. Hausmannia sp. 2.

23. Haiisinatmia sp.Z.

24. Haiis»iaiiniasp.4, p. 74.

Die Bronteiden, Lichaden, Proetiden und Harpiden aus dem Obersilur des
Kellerwaldes, p. 75.

(1) Gruppe des Broiitens planus Corda, p. 75.

(2) Gruppe des Bronteus umbellifer Beyr., p. 75.

a. Genus Bronteus.

25. Bronteus sp. nov.

b. Genus Lichas.

26. Lichas (Enlarges) piisillus Aug., p. 77.

c. Genus Cheirurus Beyr.

27. Cheirurus stenibergi Bocck.

d. Genus Acidaspis.

28. Acidaspis cf. minuta Barr., p. 79.

e. Genus Proetus.

76 San Diego Society of Natural History

Wedekind, Rud. — Continued.

29. Proctiis ohscuriis sp. nov., p. 79.

f. Genus Cyphaspis Burm.

30. Cyphaspis cf. Iialli Barr., p. 81.

31. Cyphaspis sp., p. 87.

g. Genus Harpes.

32. Harpes koencni sp* nov., p. 81, pi. 4, fig. 5.
New Subgenera.

Dencknmnnites gen. nov.; Gruppe de Phacops volhorthi Barr.

Das halbkreisformige Kopfschild wird von einem Limbus ganzlich umrande,
Die einzelnen Abschnitte des Kopfschildes, Glabella und Wangen sind schwach
gewolbt. Vom vorderrande des Kopfschildes steigt die Glabella in nur
schvvacher Wolbung an, ohne iiberstulpt zu sein. Die vordere und mittlere
Glabellar-furchen sind nur schwach ausgebildet, wahrend die dritte um ein
Drittel der Glabellabreite tief in die Glabella einschneidet, ohne in der Mitte
mit der anderseitigen zusammenzustossen.

Die minimal kleinen Augen erheben sich nicht ueber das Niveau der
Wanen.

Gruppe des Phacops (Reedia) cephalotes.

Die Glabella ist relativ stark gewolbt und angewohnlich stark in Form einer
dreieckigen Schnauze iiber den Frontallimbus vergestiilpt.

Der Basallobus ist rudimentar und besteht nur aus einer schmalen Leiste.
Hierher rechne ich drei mir aus eigener Anschaung bekannte Arten, namlich
Reedia cephalotes Barr., Reedia lotzi sp. nov., und Reedia zorgeiisis Kays.
Die beiden ersten Arten sind dadurch von einander unterschieden, dass bei
Reedia cephalotes Barr., die Augen sehr lang sind und fast bis zur Pleuroc-
cipitalfurche reichen dass sie bei lotzi sp. nov. dagegen nicht iiber die Mitte der
Wangen hinausreichen, Reedia zorgensis Kays, unterscheidet sich von beiden
durch spitze.

Form der Galbella.

Gruppe des Phacops {Reedia) hronni Barr.

Das Kopfschild ist in den Wangentheilen stark abwarts gekriimmt. Im
Gegensatz zu den Formen der Gruppe der Reedia cephalotes Barr., ist die
Glabella bei den Formen der Gruppe der Reedia hronni Barr., flach und nicht
oder doch nur immer sehr wenig iiber den Frontallimbus des Kopfschildes
vorgestiilpt. Der Vorderrand des Kopfschildes ist gerundet ; die Augen sind
durchweg klein, flach und von geringer Lange. Die meisten der hierher gehori-
gen, mir bekannt gewordenen Formen eustammen dem Obersilur des Keller-
waldes, Reedia primacva, Reedia friederici, und Reedia holmi. Reedia friederici
steht entschieden dem Phacops bronni Barr. sehr nahe.,

Gruppe des Phacops (Reedia) steiiihoriiensis sp. nov.

Das gesammte Kopfschild ist relativ flach, ebenso die Glabella, deren vordere
Begrenzung meist dreieckig ist. Dabei ist sie stark iiber den Frontallimbus
vorgestiilpt. Der Basallobus bildt einen nur wenig verschmalerten zusam-
menhagenden Ring.

Heir schliesse ich anhangsweise auch Reedia clarkci an bei der Basallobus
fast ganz rudimentar ist.

-Klassifikation der Phacopiden. — Zeitschr. der Deutsch Geol., Bd.

63, 1911, pp. 317-336, pi. 15, 16.

The author divides the Phacopidae into six groups.

Group 1. Phacops fecundus Barr., Phacops s. str., p. 317, pi. 15, fig. 1-4 and
6, text fig. 1.

Group 2. Trimerocephalus McCoy, T. cryptophthaUmis Emmrich, equals
laevis.

Group 3. Phacops bronni, equals Reedia gen. nov., p. 322, fig. 2.

The author places under the new genus Reedia cephalotes (Corda), R.
sternbergi (Corda), and Reedia bronni (Barr.)

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 11

Group 4. Pliacops glockcri, equals Clockeria gen. nov., p. 323.

The new genus is proposed for a group similar to Phacopidella Reed, 1905,
which has priority over Glockerla.

The author places three species under his new genus, Glockeria trcipcziccps
(Barr.), G. biilliccps' (Barr.), G. glockcri (Barr.)

Group 5. Phacops volborthi Barr. equals Denckmannia gen. nov., p. 323.

The author includes three species under Denckmanniaj D. volborthi (Barr.),
D. miser (Barr.), D. fuyitii-ns (Barr.)

Group 6. Ptcrygomctopidclld subgen. nov., p. 324.

P. quadriUineata (Aug.), pi. 15, fig. 9.

Westergard, a. H. Studier ofver Dictyograptus.skiffern och des Gran-
slager med Sarskild, Hansvn till Skane Forekommande Bildnigar. —
Liinds Geologiska Faltklubb, Ser. B, No. 4, 1909.

Fossil fran acerocarenzonen.

Agnostns sp., p. 67, pi. 1, fig. 1.

Peltnra cornigcr sp. nov., p. 48, pi. 1, fig. 2-4.

Parabolina Iieros Brogg., p. 48, pi. 1, fig.. 5-8.

Boeckiaf illacnopsis sp. nov., p. 49, pi. 1, fig. 14-15, 18, samt sannolikt 16, 17;

B. scanica sp. nov., p. 50, pi. 1, fig. 9-13.

Eidoma primordialc sp. nov., p. 51, pi. 1, fig. 21, 22.

Niobe primaeva sp. nov., p. 52, pi. 1, fig. 23. 24.

Megalaspis sp., p. 53, pi. 1, fig. 25; M. sp., p. 54, pi. 1, fig. 26, 27.

Fossils fran Dictyograptusskififern & Oboluslagren.

Hxstcrolenus toniquisti Moberg, p. 54, pi. 2, g. 1-4; H.f levicauda Moberg,
p. 58, pi. 1, fig. 5.

Boeckia mobergi Wiman, p. 55, pi. 2, fig. 6-9.
Acer care sp., p. 55.

Notiser Borande Dictyograptus Skiffern. — Geol. Forens. For-

handl., Bd. 39, 1917, pp. 635-644, plates 7.

Boeckidi mobergi Wiman, p. 637, pi. 7, fig. 1-9.

Parabolinella wimani sp. nov., p. 639, pi. 7, fig. 10-17.

This new species takes the place of Accra care? Wiman, Palaeont. Notizen
3-6, p. 82, pi. 5, fig. 15, and Boeckia mobergi Wiman, idem, p. 81, pi. 5, fig. 10.

Sveriges Olenidskiffer. — Utbrening och Lagerfoljd. 2 Fauna i

Trilobita, pp. 115-205, plates 1-16. 1922.

Agnostns pisiformis (Linne), p. 115, pi. 1, fig. 1-3; A. pisiformis obesiis
Belt, p. 116, pi. 1, fig. 4a, b, (5, 6, ?) ; A. cyclopyge Tullberg, p. 116, pi. 1, fig.
7, 8; A. reticulatus Aug., p. 117, pi. 1, fig. 9, 10; A. trisectus Salter, p. 117, p. 1,
fig. 11, 12; A. rudis Salter, p. 118, pi. 1, rig. 17; A. nidis holmi var. nov., p. 118,
pi. 1, fig. 13-16.

DifTers from the British A. rudis in greater convexity of the cephalon and
a narrower margin of the tail. Compared with the* Swedish form referred to
this species, the tail has, moreover, a wider and longer axis.

Agnostns sp., p. 119, pi. 1, fig. 18.

Schmalenseeia amphionura Moberg, p. 119, pi. 1, fig. 19.

General form depressed, ovate ; thorax seven segments ; pygidium axis
seven rings including the terminal portion.

Proccratopygc iiatlwrsti sp. nov., p.' 120, pi. 2, fig. 3-5.

Pygidium only known. Pygidium large, semicircular, with one pair of
strong marginal spines; axis narrower than the lateral lobes, conical, di\ided
by shallow, transverse furrows into three rings, and an elongated terminal
portion, not reaching the margin ; lateral lobes, with broad, flat limb, moder-
ately convex ; two pairs of distinct, and a third pair of indistinct grooves.

78 San Diego Society of Natural History

VVESTERGARD, A. H. — Continued.

Proccratopyge tiillbergi sp. nov., p. 121, pi. 2, fig. 6, 7.

Differs from the pygidium of P. nathorsti in having a longer axisf of six to
seven rings in addition to the terminal portion, and a narrower, slightly arched
marginal limb.

Liostracus pusillus sp. nov., p. 121, pi. 2, fig. 8-19.

Small form. Cephalon semicircular; genal angles pointed or spined; border
rim wide, rather flat, separated by a narrow and shallow furrow; glabella
wide, conical, almost truncate in front, not reaching to the intermarginal
furrow; glabellar furrows three to four pairs in adult specimens, faintly
marked, occipital furrow strong, curving forward at the axial line ; occipital
ring smooth ? ; palpebral lobe of moderate size, placed in the middle of the
cheeks and at a distance from the glabella; palpebral ridges distinct, trans-
verse ; facial suture running backward and inward from the anterior margin
to the eyes, thence outward and backward, cutting the posterior margin close
to the genal angles ; free cheeks narrow ; thorax ten segments ; axis convex ;
pleurae obliquely grooved, in their extremities sloping downward, probably
pointed.

Pygidium of young specimens with rounded and entire margin ; axis conical,
reaching nearly to the margin, five to six rings; lateral lobe with four to five
pairs of pleural grooves.

Liostracus (?) supcrstcs Linnarsson, p. 122, pi. 2, fig. 20.

Conokephalina olcnorum sp. nov., p. 122, pi. 1, fig. 22-26, (27 & 28?).

Cephalon semicircular; genal angles with long, curved spines; margin rim
broad, flat ; glabella subcylindrical, slightly tapering toward the front, not
reaching to the intermarginal furrow ; glabellar furrows indistinct ; palperbral
lobes curved, reaching in front and behind nearly to the glabella, and poster-
iorly to the occipital furrow ; facial suture running inward, and backward
from the anterior margin of the eye, thence outward ; fixed cheeks narrow,
forming a pointed, very small lobe behind the eye ; free cheeks rather broad,
aperture of eye large. A fragment of a thorax segment has grooved pleurae
produced into a long, backward-directed spine.

Acroccplialites stenometopiis (Aug.), p. 123, pi. 1, fig. 20, 21a-c.

Acrocephalites? rarus sp. nov., p. 123, fig. in text No. 39.

Fragment of cranidium.

Glabella rather convex, three pairs of shallow glabellar furrows, front limb
in front of the glabella rather flat ; fixed cheek swollen between the eye and the
glabella and having a broad concavity running from the anterior part of the
palpebral lobe to the anterior angle of the glabella; ocular ridge lacking;
facial suture behind the eye directed outward and backward (half way from
the eye, inward and backward). Test probably smooth.

Olefins gibbosus Wahl., p. 123, pi. 3, fig. 1-10; O. transversus Linrs., p. 125,
pi. 3, fig. 11-17, (pi. 5, fig. 16, 17?) ; O. truncatus (Brun), p. 126, pi. 3, fig. 18,
19; pi. 5, fig. 1-4; O. zvahlenbergi sp. nov., p. 128, pi. 4, fig. 5-14, the Entni.
gibbosus Wahl. (pars), p. 39, pi. 1, fig. 4.

General form (exclusive of the free cheeks) elongated, subelliptical ; glabella
subrectangular, short, separated from the anterior marginal rim by a frontal
limb of about a qaurter its own length ; free cheeks broad, with large aperture
of the eye; spine slightly deviating from the direct continuation of the external
margin, and directed somewhat outward; thorax with fifteen to sixteen seg-
ments ; axis convex, forming nearly one-third the total width in the anterior
segment, and more than one-third the posterior segment ; pleurae horizontal
near the tips, bent downward, the first two pointed, the following ones pro-
duced into short spines which are longest on segments eight to ten.

Pygidium triangular; axis broad, conical, obtuse, reaching (nearly) to the
margin, composed of five to six segments ; lateral lobes far narrower than the
axis, with two or three pairs of grooves, the ribs marked by a fine, interme-
diate line ; margin entire.

Olenus attenuatus (Boeck), p. 128, pi. 4, fig. 15-19; pi. 5, fig. 1-9.

Olenus dentatus sp. nov., p. 130, pi. 5, fig. 10-15.

Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea 79

Glabella approximately as broad as the fixed check at the posterior margin
and separated from the anterior marginal rim by a frontal limb one-fifth to
one-sixth of its length ; palpebral lobes of moderate size, placed a little nearer
to the anterior than posterior margin, and set at a distance from the glabella
less than one-half the width of the latter; free cheeks of moderate width, the
spine and posterior margin forming a right angle.

Thorax with twelve sebments ; axis occupying one-third the total width ;
pleurae bent downward in the outer portion, grooved, ending in short spines.

Pygidinm small, rounded in outline; rim narrow, with one pair of short
spines ; axis broader tlian the lateral lobes, strongly conical, not reaching to
the margin, and consisting of three or four segments (including the terminal
one) ; lateral lobes somewhat arched, with two pairs of groves, ribs with fine
intermediate lines.

Olenus scaniciis sp. nov., p., 131, pi. 6, fig. 6-8.

Cephalon like that of O. rotundatiis, but differs in having smaller, and more
anteriorly placed palpebral lobes.

Pygidinm small, semicircular; axis with three rings (including the terminal
one), conical, not reaching to the margin; lateral lobes with two pairs of back-
ward-curved grooves, three pairs of border spines, the posterior pair rudi-
mentary ; marginal rim wanting.

Olenus rotundatns sp. nov., p. 131, pi. 6, fig. 1-5.

Cranidium : glabella subrectangular, forming one-fourth of the width of the
cranidium at the posterior border ; frontal limb at the axial line less than one-
half the glabella in front; palpebral lobes rather small, placed somewhat for-
ward and distant from the glabella, a little more than half the width of the
latter.

Thorax segments unknown ; axis forming less than one-third, and in the
posterior segments about one-third of the total width, each ring bearing a
median tubercle ; pleurae bent somewhat downward in the front segments,
horizontal in the posterior segments.

Pygidinm semicircular, axis one-third of total width, conical, obtuse, com-
posed of five or six segments, not extending to the border.

Lateral lobes with three or four pairs of backward curved grooves; border
forming a narrow, raised rim with one pair of small spines.

Olcniis sp., p. 132, pi. 6, fig. 25.

Paraholina brevispina sp. nov., p. 133, pi. 6, fig. 9-13.

Form depressed, elongate, ovate, the width of the thorax less than one-half
the total length ; glabella forming one-half the width of the cranidium at the
posterior margin, narrowing tow'ards the front, and reaching forward nearly
to the border; occipital ring bearing an elongated median tubercle.

Thorax wdth twelve segments; axis one-half the total wddth, bearing a row
of median tubercles ; pleurae ending in short spines.

Pj-gidium small, composed of three segments with two pairs of short spines.

Paraholina spinulosa (Wahl.), p. 134, pi. 6, fig. 14-20.

Paraholina mohcrgi sp. nov., p. 135, pi. 6, fig. 21-24.

Cranidium trapezohedral, length one-half the width; glabella subc^dindrical,
with rounded anterior angles, not reaching the margin ; glabellar furrows three
pairs, the anterior short and faintly marked, the posterior meeting across the
glabella ; occipital ring with a strong, backward-directed spine ; palpebral lobes
rather small, at a distance from the glabella of a little more than one-half the
width of the latter; palpebral ridges straight, running at right angles to the
axis ; facial suture curving backward from the anterior margin to the eye,
thence outward and backward to the posterior border, which it cuts some
distance within the genal angle ; free cheeks broad ; genal angles long and
broad, deviating slightly from the direct continuation of the external mar-
ginal rim.

Pygidinm semicircular; axis slightly conical, with five rings (including the
terminal portion), reaching to the marginal rim; lateral lobes slightly arched,
with three to four pairs of grooves, the ribs with fine intermediate lines;

80 San Diego Society of Natural History

Westergard, a. H. — Continued.

border forming a very narrow rim with three pairs of short spines, the last
rudimentary.

Paraholina longicornis sp. nov., p. 136, pi. 7, fig. 1-8.

Form rather depressed, ovate; glabella tapering slightly forward, truncate
orbroadly rounded in front ; glabellar furrows three pairs ; occipital ring with
median tubercle or spine ; fixed cheeks behind the eyes expanded and wider
than the glabella; palpebral lobes moderate, placed in the middle of the cheek,
distant from the glabella by one-half the width of the latter; palpebral ridges
distinct, transverse or slightly oblique ; frontal limb varying somewhat in
breadth in front of the glabella ; facial suture behind the eye running nearly
at right angles to the axis, finally curving backward ; ej'es large ; genal spines
long and slender.

Thorax of twelve segments; axis one-fourth the width, each ring bearing a
median tubercle ; pleurae at their extremities bent slightly downward, ending
in spines, the spines of the eighth segment being very long; pleural grooves
continued in the base of the spines.

Pygidium broad and short, rounded in outline, with a flat and rather broad
marginal rim, and three pairs of broad, short spines directed backward and
inward ; axis narrow, somewhat conical, blunt, reaching nearly to the rim ;
lateral lobes with three pairs of grooves.

Paraholina acanthura (Ang.), p. 137, pi. 7, fig. 9-16, p. 198, same figures;
P. mcgalops Moberg & Moller, p. 137, pi. 7, fig. 17-23; P. hcros Brogg., p. 137,
pi. 7^ fig. 24-34.

Paraholina jemtlandica sp. nov., p. 138, pi. 7, fig. 35-38.

Fragments only.

Cranidium moderately arched, somewhat convex in front ; glabella slightly
conical, rounded in front; glabellar furrows three pairs, not meeting in the
dorsal furrow ; occipital ring with median tubercle ; fixed cheek, at the posterior
margin, equal in width to the glabella, half that width at the eye ; palpebral
lobes small, placed far forward ; palpebral ridges transverse ; frontal limb at
the axial line somewhat broader than the frontal rim ; genal angles strong
and straight, in direct continuation of the outer margin.

Thorax with median tubercle and deeply grooved pleaurae, which, at their
extremities, are bent somewhat downward and end in spines.

Pygidium semicircular, axis forming about one-third the whole width, some-
what conical, blunt, not reaching the margin, having three rings, the two an-
terior bearing a median tubercle, the third confluent with the terminal portion ;
lateral lobes with three pairs of faintly marked grooves, the ribs with inter-
mediate lines ; marginal spines four; the last rudimentary and placed behind
the axis.

Paraholinella laticauda sp. nov., p. 139, pi. 8, fig.j 1-7.

Cephalon semicircular, moderately arched, margin formed by a narrow,
raised rim ; glabella subrectangular, slightly tapering forward, broadly rounded
in front, separated from the frontal rim by a broad frontal limb ; oblique
glabellar furrows three pairs^ the anterior indistinct, all obsolete at the dorsal
furrows, and not reaching to the axial line; dorsal furrows at the side of the
glabella distinct and faintly marked in, front of it ; facial suture curved from
the anterior margin backward and slightly inward to the eye, thence outward
and backward, cutting the posterior margin somewhat more than one-half
way out. In some thorax segments the axis is narrower than the pleurae,
each ring bearing a small median tubercle ; pleurae bent slightly downward
one-half way out from the dorsal furrows, grooved, ending in short spines.

Pygidium broad, short, rovnided in outline or somewhat truncate behind the
axis ; axis forming less than one-third the total width, slightly conical, blunt,
reaching to the marginal rim, and having two rings besides the terminal por-
tion ; lateral lobes marked by three grooves, the ribs with a fine intermediate
line ; border forming a flat rim without spines.

Beltella solitaria sp. nov., pi. 14, fig. 1, 2.
From a flattened internal cast.

Bim.ioc.RAi'HY OF Paleozoic Crustacea 81

Ccphaloii semicircular, border forming; a rather flat rim, gcnal angles pro-
duced into backward-directed and outward-curved spines ; glal)ella slightly
conical, broadly rounded in front, with two to three pairs of faintly marked
glabellar furrows, the last meeting the axial line ; occipital furrow distinct ;
occipital ring with a small tubercle; fixed cheek at the posterior margin nar-
rower than the glabella; palpebral lobes small, placed far forward; palpebral
ridge indistinct ; frontal limb at the axial line as broad as at the marginal rim ;
facial sture at the front of the eye directed forward and outward.

Thorax with twelve segments, decreasing in width from the sixth ; axis
forming more than one-third of the total width in the anterior segments and
about one-third of the total width in the posterior segments; pleurae half way
out bent downward and ending in broad, short spines.

Pygidium with three pairs of border spines.

Lcptoplastus raphidophoriis Angelin, p. 143, pi. 8, ifig. 13-17; pi. 10, fig. 2, 3;
L. ovatus Ang., p. 145, pi. 8, fig. 18-21.

Lcptoplastus minor sp. nov., p. 144, pi. 8, fig. 25-29; fragments only known.
Distinguished from L. raphidophoriis by the shortness of the genal spines and
smaller size..

Lcptoplastus panciscgmentatus sp. nov., p. 146, pi. 8, fig. 22, (23. 24?).

Related to L. ovatus. It differs in having nine thoracic segments and the
free cheek referred doubtfully to it being narrower and longer than in the
latter species.

Lcptoplastus stciiotus Angelin, p. 146, pi. 9, fig. 1-6; L. claudicans (Moberg
& Moller), p. 147, pi. 8, fig. 8-12.

Eurvcarc latu)u (Boeck), p. 148, pi. 9, fig. 7-10; E. brevicaiida Aug., p. 148,
pi. 9, fig. 11, 12.

Eurycare spinigerum sp. nov., p. 149, pi. 9, fig. 13, 14; pi. 10, fig. 1.

Cranidium resembling that of E. brcvicauda.

Thorax having twelve segments, the axis ring of the eleventh segment send-
ing out a long spine, the other rings smooth or bearing very faint tubercles.

Surycare aiigustatum Ang., p. 150, pi. 10, fig. 4-9.

Ctenopyge neglecta sp. nov., p. 150, pi. 10, fig. 10-18.

Glabella forming less than one-third the width of the cranidium at the
posterior border, tapering slightly forward, and not reaching to the intermar-
ginal furrow ; glabellar furrows three pairs, faint, oblique, the anterior indis-
tinct, the posterior reaching nearly, if not quite to the axial line; occipital
ring with median spine; palpebral lobes moderate, placed at an equal distance
from the anterior and posterior border and the glabella ; palpebral ridges
distinct, very slightly oblique, frontal limb varying in breadth from one-half
to twice the width of the arched frontal rim ; facial sutures meeting in a point
at the axial line on the upper surface of the broad frontal rim ; free cheeks
wide, arched, bent slightly upward at the genal angles, ornamented with branch-
ing and anastomosing ridges which radiate from the eyes, long and broad,
curved inward and, at their extremities, downward.

Thorax with at least ten segments, axis in the anterior and middle seg-
ments narrower than the pleurae, each axial ring bearing a median spine which,
in the anterior segment is short, in the ninth and tenth segments very long;
pleurae horizintal, bent slightly downward near the tips, produced in slender
curved spines which are shorter in the first segments, but in the following seg-
ments seem to be as long as, or longer, than the width of the pleurae.

Pygidium, doubtfully referred, very small and semicircular; axis broad,
consisting of two rings and the terminal portions; lateral lobes with two pairs
of rudimentary spines.

Ctenopyge flagelifera (Angelin), p. 152, pi. 10, fig. 19-23; pi. 11, fig. 1.

Ctenopyge flagellifera angiista var. nov., p. 153, pi. 11, fig. 2-8.

Differs from the typical form in having the dorsal shield proportionally nar-
rower, the axis broader, more backward placed, the cheek spines less curved.

Ctenopyge spectahilis Brogger, p. 154, pi. 11, fig. 9-14.

Ctenopyge tumida sp. nov., p. 155, pi. 11, fig. 15-20.

82 San Diego Society of Natural History

Westergard, a. H. — Continued.

Ctcnopyge? sp. indet. Linnarsson, 1880, pi. 6, fig. 15.

Cranidium slightly emarginate in front, frontal border forming a narrow,
raised rim ; glabella somewhat conical, rather truncate in front, with three
pairs of glabellar furrows, the first obsolete, the last usually meeting across
the glabella, but shallow towards the axial line ; occipital ring with a small
median spine; fixed cheeks arched, much wider than the glabella at their pos-
terior border ; palpebral lobes moderate, placed a very little nearer to the an-
terior than to the posterior margin, and at a distance from the glabella some-
what less than the width of the latter; palpebral ridges transverse or slightly
obique ; facial suture directed outward behind the eye, cuting the border at
some distance in front of the rounded posterior angle ; free cheeks small,
sloping gently from the eye to the margin, angulate in outline, spine broad and
long, placed backward.

Number of segments of the thorax unknown ; axis a little wider than the
pleurae, each ring bearing a median spine ; pleurae in the outer, anterior por-
tion swollen, produced into long, slender, curved spines, the spines of the first
segment being especially long and strongly curved.

Pygidium unknown.

Ctenopyge erecta sp. nov., p. 156, pi. 11, fig. 21-27.

Fragments.

Cranidium broad, its width two and a half times its length, emarginate in
front; frontal rim strongly erect; glabella narrow, forming one-fifth of the
total width of the cranidium at the posterior border, subcylindrical, reaching
nearly, if not quite, to the marginal furrow ; glabellar furrows two to three
pairs, the anterior two of which are obsolete, the last meeting across the gla-
bella, but very faint towards the axial line ; palpebral lobes placed a very little
nearer to the posterior than the anterior margin, and at a distance from the
glabella equal to the width of the latter; palpebral ridges oblique; facial suture
behind the eye running at right angles to the axis ; free cheeks broad, with
faint vascular markings radiating from the eye, margin uniformly curved;
eyes large, semispherical ; cheek spines slender, slightly curved, placed back-
ward; the associated hypostoma lingulate, posteriorly somewhat expanded.

Thorax wider than the cephalon, number of segments unknown ; axis form-
ing less than one-fifth of the whole width, probably bearing (in the first an-
terior segment) a row of median tubercles; pleurae straight, horizontal, bent
slightly downward at the tips, deeply grooved, produced into spines which, in
the anterior segments, are short.

Pygidium unknown.

Ctenopyge affiiiis sp. nov., p. 157, pi. 12, fig. 1-14, (15?).

This species agrees most nearly with C. bisulcatus.

The free cheek, with its angular outline, backward-placed and not very
curved spine, and the shape of the fixed cheek, which is nearly horizontal and
acute at the posterior border, have impelled the author to make a separate
species.

Ctenopyge oelandica sp. nov., p. 158, pi. 12, fig. 18.

Fragment.

Nearly related to C. directa, from which it is distinguished in having a
straight front, the eyes placed near to the posterior border, with very oblique
palpebral ridges.

Ctenopyge directa Lake, p. 158, pi. 12, fig. 16, (17?) ; C. hisulcata (Phillips),
p. 159, pL 12, fig. 19-25; C. teretifrons (Angelin) p. 162, pi. 13, fig. 6, (7, 9.?) ;
C. pecten Salter p. 160, pi. 12, fig. 26-33; pi. 13, fig. 1.

Ctenopyge linnarssoni sp. nov., p. 162, pi. 13, fig. 2-5.

Cranidium.

Nearly related to Ctcnopyge teretifrons but diflfers in having the glabella
slightly tapering towards the front and the fixed cheeks narrower.

S phaerophthalmus major Lake, p. 163, pi. 13, fig. 9-18, (19?) ; 5. alatiis

Bibliography of Palaeozoic Crustacea 83

(Boeck), p. 165, pi. 13, fig. 20-29; S. majuscuhis Linnarsson, p. 166, pi. 13, fig.
30-35.

Pcltura scarabaeoides (Wahl.), p. 168, pi. 15, fig. 2.

ProtopcUuni fraecursor (Westergard), P. acanthura Brogger.

Dorsal shield moderately arched.

Ccphalon semicircular, gcnal angles angulate and produced into spines which
are nearly, if not quite, direct continuations of the external margin; glabella
moderately broad, not reaciiing to the frontal rim ; eyes small, rather close to
the glabella and frontal border ; palpebral ridges distinct.

Axis of the thorax slightly conical, about equal in width to the pleurae;
pleurae produced into spines.

Pygidium small, wide, entire or dentated.

Accra care ccornc Angelin, p. 168.

Cyclognathus micropygus Linrs., p. 169.

Protopeltura acicnlata (Angelin), p. 169, pi. 14, fig. 3-12, (13?) ; P. aciculata
pjis'illa var. nov., p. 171, pi. 14, fig. 14-17.

A small form distinguished from P. aciculata by its subrectangular glabella,
wider free cheeks, wider, and somewhat triangular pygidium.
Protopeltura intermedia sp. nov., p. 171, pl.i 14, fig. 18-22.
Cranidium, free cheek and pygidium known.

Glabella forming nearly one-half the width of the cranidium at the posterior
border, rounded anteriorly, with two pairs of distinct glabellar furrows; oc-
cipital ring bearing a slightly developed median tubercle ; frontal limb some-
what narrower than the frontal rim ; palpebral lobes placed close to the gla-
bella.

Pygidium small, broadly semicircular ; axis one-third the whole width, with
two rings and the terminal portion not extending to the border ; lateral lobes
arched, wdth two pairs of grooves ; border forming a narrow, flat, entire rim,
which is somewhat elevated towards the median line.

Protopeltura praecursor (Westergard), p. 171, pi. 14, fig. 23-29, (30?) ; pi. 15,
fig. 1.

Peltura scarabaeoides acutideiis Brogger, p. 175, pi. 15, fig. 14-17.

Pcltura minor (Brogger), p. 175, pi. 15, fig. 3-11.

Peltura cornigcra Westergard, p. 176, pi. 15, fig. 15, 19-23.

Glabella extending nearh^, if not quite, to the very faintly marked frontal rim ;
glabellar furrows obsolete ; occipital furrow shallow ; occipital ring broad and
flat, with a very slightly developed median tubercle ; palpebral ridges indis-
tinct ; facial suture curved strongly inward near the posterior border ; free
cheek narrow, bearing a short spine, which is set far back and projects at
right angles to the margin.

Thorax segments unknown ; axis strongly convex, bearing a row of very
faint median tubercles ; pleurae strongly arched, with fulcrum close to the
dorsal furrow and terminating in very short spines.

Pygidium semi-circular ; axis occupying a little more than one-third of the
width and composed of two distinctly separate rings and the terminal portion,
extending to the marginal rim ; lateral lobes arched, with two pairs of well
marked grooves ; border forming a narrow, rather flat rim with three pairs of
small, blunt spines.

Peltura paradoxa (Moberg & Moller), p. 177, pi. 16, fig. 1-4, 5?; P. coltata
(Brogger)? p. 177, (Cyclognathus costatus Bogg.).

Acerocare ecornc Angelin, p. 178, pi. 16, fig. 6-14; A. tullbergi Moberg &
Miiller, p. 178, pi. 16, figy 15-18.

Cyclognathus micropygus Linrs.., p. 178, pi. 16, fig. 19-25; C. granulatus
(Aloberg & Moller), p. 179, pi. 16, fig. 26-32, the Acerocare granulatum (pars)
Moberg & Moller, 1898, pi. XI, fig. 1-9 (e) & pi. 14, fig. 1-5.

Boeckia scanica Westergard, p. 179, pi. 16, fig. 40-43; B.f illaenopsis West-
ergard, p. 179, pi. 16, fig. 33-39.

Eiiloma' primordiale Westergard, p. 180, pi. 2, fig. 21, 22.

84 San Diego Society of Natural History

Westergard, a. H. — Continued.

Only fragment known.

Niobe primaeva Westergard, p. 180, pi. 2, fig. 23, (24, 25, 26?).

Some rare fragments of Asaphidae, the oldest of this family from Sweden,
are: found in the Acerocare zone in Scania, and in the Paraholina longicornis
sub-zone at Kinnekulle Hill (VVestergotland). Two cranidia seem to belong to
Niobe; two hypostomata to Megalaspis, the generic reference of the other
fragments being doubtful.

Orusia lenticularis ; Zone 3, Parabolina spimilosa & Onisia lenticularis, p.
182, (the Orthis lenticularis Wahl.), has a special brachiopod facies. It occurs,
however, very often together with Parabolina spinulosa, especially in the shales.

Notes:

The species mentioned by Brogger under the name Protopeltnra acantJmra,
and occurring in Norway at the bottom of the Peltura zone, is not, as was
believed, identical iwith the Swedish Praabolina acanthura, but a new species to
which Westergard gave the name Peltura praecursor in 1909.

The species quoted by Brogger from the Norwegian Ccratopygc limestone
under the name Cyclognatluis niicropygus is not the same as Linnarsson's
species, but quite a new species which Moberg & Moller have named Acerocare
norvegicum.

(Moberg, Hist. Stratigraphical Review of the Silurian of Sweden, p. 172.)

Wilson, Alice E. & Mather. Kirtley, F. Synopsis of the Common
Fossils of the Kingston Area. — 25th Ann. Rep., Ontario Bur. of
Mines, 1916, pp. 45-66, pi. 1-3.

Synoptic List of the Black River species.

Crustacea :

Bathynriis sp. Ulrich ; B. cxtans (Hall) ; B. springer Hall.

Buniastus milleri (Billings) ; Ceraurus pleurexanthemus Green; Illaenus sp.;
Isotclus gigas DeKay ; Onchometopus simplex R. & N.; Pterygonietopns sp.
Ostracoda :

Aparchites sp.; Eurychilina sp.; Isochilina subarmata Ul.; Leperditella cf.

nundala Ulrich; L. tuniida UL; L. fabulites (Conrad).

Key to Black River Fossils.

Trilobites :

Descriptions of the above listed genera and species.

Ostracoda :

Descriptions of the above listed genera and species.

Synoptic list of Trenton Fossils.

Trilobites :

Isotclus gigas DeKay; Bumasttis sp. ; Calymene senaria Conrad; Ceraurus
dentatiis R. & N. ; C. plenrexanthemus (jreen.
Descriptive Key of Trenton Fossils.
Trilobites :
Order Opisthoparia.

Fam. Asaphidae : Isotclus, Isotclus gigas DeKay.

Fam. Illaenidae : Biimastus, B. billingsi R. & N. ; B. hellevillensis R. & N.
Order Proparia.

Fam. Calj-menidae, Calymene senaria Conrad.
Fam. Cheiruridae, Cheiriirus pleurexanthemns Green; C. dcntatus R. & N.

WiMAN, Carl. Palaeontologische Notizen, 3-6. — Bull. Geol. Inst, of
Upsala, No. 11, Vol. 6, Part 1, 1902, pp. 77-83, pi. 3.

3. Ueber Robergia microphthalma Linrs. und Triarfhrus jemtlandicus Linrs. .

4. Paradoxides jemtlandicus sp. nov.

Bibliography of Pal-t-ozoic Crustacea 85

5. Ein neiier Triloliit in Dicyomcmaschiefcr, Bocckia mohcrgi sp. nov. (Re-
ferred bv Westergard in 1917 to Paraboliiiella wimani, p. 81, pi. 5, fig. 9, 11-14,
(e) 10/1.)

-Palaeontologische Notizen. 7-12. — Bull. Geol. Inst, of Upsala,

Vol. 7, 1905, pp. 287-296, pi. 29-30.

7. Uber das Exsulans lager auf Oland.

Paradoxidcs tcssiiii Brong. ; EUipsoccf^halus muticiis Ang.

8. Diaphanometopiis iincatus Ang.

9. Pliomera linnarssoni sp. nov.

10. Ueber Holometopus Angelin.

11. Anomocarc cxcavatum Ang.

12. Ein Problematicum.

-Ueber die Fauna des Westbaltischen Leptaenakalks; — Arkiv. for

Zoologi. Bd. 3. No. 24, 1907, pp. 20, pi. 2.
Die Fauna Trilobiten.
Cheirurus tennispinus Tornquist.
Psciidosphaerexochus conformis Ang. ; P. sp.
Dciphon pmictatus Ang.
Acidaspis sp.
Calymene sp.
Procyus sp.
Illaenus sp.
Ainpyx sp.
Dicellocephalus? leptaenaruni sp. nov.

-lakttagelser pa Nilus armadillo Dalman. — Geol. Foren. For-

handl., No. 225. Bd. 26, Haft 1, p. 87, 5 fig. in text.

Woods, Henry. The Cambridge Nat. Hist., Vol. 4, 1920, Chapter VHI,

pp. 221-252. fig. in text 136. 151.

Classification of Trilobites into sixteen families

Fam. 1. Agnostidae ; Genera Agnostus, Microdiscus.

Fam. 2. Shumardiidae ; Genus Shumardia.

Fam. 3. Trinucleidae; Genera Orometopus, p. 230, fig. 140a, Ampyx, p. 230,
fig. 140c, Trinuclciis, p. 230, fig. 140b, Dionidc.

Fam. 4. Harpedidae; Genus Harpes, p. 248, fig. 150a.

Fam. 5. Paradoxidae ; Genera Oleiiellus, Holmia, p. 246, fig. 148, Mcsonacis,
OlcucUoides, p. 247, fig. 149, Paradoxides, p. 246, fig. 147, Zacanthoidcs, Cen-
tropleura, {Anopolenns), — Remoplcurides, p. 248, fig. ISOd. This genus prob-
abh' belongs to a separate family. (Miller, 1889, placed it under Rent-
opleiiridae.)

Fam. 6. Conocephalidae ( Conocoryphidae) ; Genera Conocoryphe, p. 248,
fig. ISOe, Atops, Ctenotephahts, Bathynotus.

Fam. 7. Olenidae ; Genera Ptyclwparia, Angelina, p. 248, fig. 150h, Soleno-
plcura, Sao, p. 239, fig. 143, Agraulos (Arionelliis) , Ellipsocephalus, p. 248, fig.
150b, Protolenus, Olenus, p. 248, fig. I50c, Peltura, Acerocare, Eurycare,
Ctennpyge, Lcptoplastus, Triarthrus, p. 237, fig. 142a, b, Paraholina, Sphaero-
phthalmiis, Paraholinclla, Ceratopyge (position doubtful), — Dikelocephahis,
perhaps belongs to a distinct family. (Miller, 1889, placed it under Dicello-
cephalidae.)

Fam. 8. Calymcnidae ; Genera Calymene, p. 244, fig. 137, Synhomalonotus,
Homalonotxis, p. 228, fig. 136.

Fam. 9. Asaphidae; Genera Asaphus, (Subgen. Megalaspis), Adaphellus,
Symphysunis, &c., Ogygia ,Barrandia, Niobe, N ileus, Illaenus, p. 248, fig. 150f,

% San Diego Society of Natural History

Woods, Henry. — Continued.

Biimastus, Stygina. — Aeglina is usually placed in this family, but its systematic
position is doubtful.

Fam. 10. Bronteidae; Gtnns Br onteus.

Fam. ill. Phacopidae ; Genera Phacops, p. 227, fig. 138, and p. 248, fig. 150i,
Trimerocephahis, Acaste, Pterygomctop^ts, Chasmops, Dahnanitcs, Cryphaeus.

Fam. 12. Cheiruridae; Genera Chciriirus, Deiphon, p. 250, fig. 151c, Pla-
coparia, Sphaerexochus, Amphion, Staurocephalus.

Fam. 13. Proetidae; Genera Proetns, p. 248, fig. 150g, Arethusina, p. 250,
fig. 151b, Cyphaspis, Phillipsm, p. 250, fig. 151a, Griffitliides, Brachymetopus,
DecheneUa.

Fam. 14. Encrinuridae; Genera Encriniirus, Cyhele, Dindymene.

Fam. 15. Acidaspidae ; Genus Acidaspis, p. 250, fig. 15lf.

Fam. 16. Lichidae; Genera Lichas (subgen. Arges), Dicranogmus, Cono-
lichas, Ceratolichas. \

The author remarks that many genera are not included in this classification
and a few are preoccupied for other genera in Natural History.

Eurypterida.— The Cambridge Nat. Hist., Vol. IV, 1920, pp. 283-

294. figs, in text.

The genera and species included in this paper are Euryptcrus fischeri fig. 161,
162, Pterygotiis osiliensis, fig. 164, Slimonia acuminata, fig. 165, S. laconus,
fig. 166.

The genera Hughmilleria, Dolichopterus, Eusarcus and Strabops are noted
but mot described.

The author remarks, p. 294, "The Eurypterids are distinguished from the
Scorpions by the much greater development of the last pair of legs. The
large metastomia of the former is homologous with the sternum of the Scor-
pion. The genital operculum is much smaller in Scorpions than in Euryp-
terids, and in this respect the latter agree with Thelyphemus (one of the Pedi-
palpi), more than the Scorpions."

Woodward, Henry. On a Carboniferous Trilobite from Angran in Nid-
derale, York.— Trans. Leeds Geol. Assoc, Part XIV, 1909, pp. 10-12.

ZiTTEL, A. VON. Grundziige der Palaeontologie (Palaeozoologie). — Re-
worked by F. Broili, Part Invertebrata, 5th Edition.
Order 4. Phyllopoda :

Palaeozoic; Protocaris Wale, Ribeiria Sharp, Ribcirella Schub., Notostraca
Wale, Naraoia Walc.» fig. 1308, Burgcssia Wale, Waptia Wale, fig. 1309.

Branchipodidae; Anostraca Caiman, Opabinia Wale, LeanchoUia Wale,
Yohoia Wale, Bidentia Wale, Rochdalia Woodw., Braiichiopodites vectenis
Woodw.

Estheriidae; Estheria Riipp, fig. 1310, Leaia Jones, Estliericlla Weiss,
Sclu::odisctis Clarke, Bcyrichona, HipponicJiarion, Bradoria, Aliita Matthew,
Polyphyma Greem.

Order 5. Trilobita:

Fam. 1. Mesonacidae Walcott, (Olenellidae Moberg) ; Mesonacis Wale,
EUiptoccphala Emmons, Olcncllus Hall, Olcnclloides Peach & Home, Holmia
Matthew, fig. 1324, Callavia Matt., PeachcUa Wale, Paedcumias Wale,
Kjcrulfia Kiaer, Paradoxides Brong., Metadoxides Bornem.. Hydrocephalus
Barr., Oryctocephaliis Wale, Acanthoides Wale, Olenoides Meek, Dorypyge
Dames, Damcsclla Wale, Neolenus Matth., Rcdlichia Cossman, Olcnopsis
Bornem., Vamixcmclla Wale, Hanburia, Tsinania Wale? Rcmopleiirides
Portlock.

Fam. 2. Olenidae Burmeister ;0/eH!(.s' Dalm., Acerocare Aug., Eurycare
Aug., Ctenopyge Linrs., Lcptoplasiiis Aug., Teinistion Monke, Blackivelderia
WcLlcMarjumia Wale, Lisania Wale, Ptychoparia Corda, Liostracus Ang.,
Soleiiopleiira Ang., Hicksia Delg., Hystriciirus Raym., Sao Barr., Euloma Aug.,

Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea 87

Bavarilla Rarr., ProtoJcnus Mattli., Palacolcnus Mansuy, Agraulos Corda,
Pli-thopcltis Raym., luouyia Walc, Shantungia Wale, Triarthrus Green,
Pcltura Milne Edw., Drepanura Berg., Siephanocarc Monke, Ellipsoccphalus
Zenker, Parabolina Salter, Parabolinella Brog., Paraboliitupsis Hock.,? Mic-
7>iacca Mattli., Norwoodidae, Norzcoodia Walcott.

Fam. 3. Conocoryphidae Angelin ; Conocoryphe Corda, {Conocephalites
Barr., Atops Emm., Bailiclla Mattli.), Ctcnocephalus Corda, Alocistocare
Lorenz, Acrocephalitcs Wallerius, Eryx Ang., Caransia Hicks, Bathynotus
Hall,? Carmon Barr., Shumardia Bill., Menomonidae, — Mcnomonia, Millardia,
Drcsbachia Walc.

Fam. 4. Ceratopygidae Raymond : Albertclla Walc, Ccratopyge Corda.,

Crcpiccphalus Owen.? Lonchocephahis Owen, Saratogia Walcott, IVanneria
Walcott.

Fam. 5. Corynexochidae Angelin-Walcott : Corynexochiis Ang., (Karlia
Walcott), Bathytirisciis Meek, DoUchometopiis Ang.

Fam. 6. Dicellocephalidae Miller; Dikeloccphalus Owen, Dikclokcphalina
Brogger, Batliyunts Bill., Petigiirns Raym., Platycolpus Raymond; Proampyx
Freeh,? Pagodia, Lisauia, Chuaugia W^alc. ? Solenopleura Ang., Mcnocc-
phalus Owen, Levisia, Aiiomocarella Walc.,? Coosia, Saiikia, Walc, Calviii-
clla, Osceolia Walc, Ptychaspis Hall., Holocephalina Salter,? Anomocare Ang.,

Fam. 7. Agnostidae Dalman : Agiwsius Brong., Goniodiscus Raym.,? Mol-
liso)iia Walc, Eodiscus Matth., Pagetia Walc.

Fam. 8. Trinucleidae Salter : ? Orometopiis Ang., Trinucleus Llwyd,
(Cryptolitluis Green), Anipyx Dalm., (Lonchodoiuts Raphiophorus Ang.),
Dionide Barr., Endymionia Bill.

Fam. 9. Harpedidae Barrande: Harpes Goldf., (Eoharpes Raym.,) fHar-
pides Beyr.

Fam. 10. Asaphidae Emmrich : Ogygopsis Walc, Orria Walc, Asaphiscus
Meek, Blountia, Maryvillia W^alc, Niobe Ang., Barrandia McCoy, Megalaspis
Ang., Ogygia Brong., (Ogygites T. & Lebec),, Asaplms Brong., Ptychopyge
Ang., Pseudasaphiis Schm., Megalaspides Brog., Basilicus Salter, Brachyaspis
Salter, Isotelus DeKay, Holasaphus Matth., OncJiomctopus Schm., Asaphcllus
Callw., Hemigyraspis Raym., Cryptonymus Eich., Symphysurns Goldf., N ileus
Dalm., Aeglina Barr., Telephus Barr.

Fam. 11. Illaenidae Corda: Illaenurus Hall, Illacniis Dalm., (Subgenera:
Octillacnns, Panderia Salter. Dysplanns Burm., Ectillaeiins Salt., lUaoiopsis
Salt.), Bumastiis Murch., Stygina, Psilocephalns Salt., Thalcops Conrad,?
Giordanella Bornem.

Fam. 12. Calymenidae Brongniart; Calymenc Brong., Pharostoma Corda,
Synhomalonotus Pomj., Hotnalonotus, (Subgenera Broiigniartia, Kocnigia,
Burmeisteria Salter, Trimerus, Dipleura Green, Calymenella Bergeron).

Fam., 13. Proetidae Barrande: Arethusina Barr., Phillipsinclla Novak,
Cyphaspis Burm., Haploconiis Raymond, Proctus Steininger, {Drcvermannia) ,
Cyrtocymbole, Richter, Typhloproetiis Frech-Richter, Euproetiis Richter,
Tropidocoryphe Novak. Astycoryphe Richter, Ptcroparia, Skemmatopyge
Richter, Decheiiella Kayser, (Subgen. Eudccheiiclla, Basidechoiclla, Para-
dechenella Richter), Schizoproetiis Richter, Phillipsia Portlock, Griffithidcs
Portl., Psendophillipsia Gemm., Brachymetopiis AlcCoy.

Fam. 14. Bronteidae Barrande: Bronteiis Goldfuss, (Goldius DeKoninck),
Thysanopeltis Corda, Bronetopsis N. & Eth.

Fam. 15. Cheiruridae Salter: Chcirunis Beyr., Ceraiirus Green, Cyrtometo-
ptis, Sphaerocoryphe Ang., Crotalacephalus Salter, Pseiidosphaerexochiis,
Nieszkowskia Schm., Dciphoii Barr., Placoparia Corda, Areia Barr., Sphacr-
exochiis Beyr., Ainphion Pander, Stauroccphalits Barr., Pl'wmcra Aug.,
Diaphanometopus Schm., Youngia Lindstr. Burlingidac — Biirlingia Walc,
Schmalenseeia Moberg.

Fam. 16. Encrinuridae Linnarsson : Cybele Loven, Cybcloidcs Slocum,
Dindymcne Corda, Eiicrinnnis Emm., Cromiis Barr.

Fam. 17. Acidaspidae Barrande: Acidaspis Murchison, {Odontoplcura
Emm.) (Subgen. Selenopeltis Corda, Leoiiaspis, Primaspis. Miraspis, Radiaspis

88 San Diego Society of Natural History

ZiTTEL, A. VON. — Continued.

Psendomonaspis Richter, Ceratocephala Warder, Dicranunis Conrad, An-
cyropyge Clarke), Glaphurus Raym.

Fam. 18. Lichadidae Corda: Lichus Dalman. (Subgen. Protolichas,
Dcuterolichas Reed, Arges Goldf., Corydocephalus Corda, Amphilichas Raym.,
Conolichas Dames, Acanthopygc, Dicranopeltis Corda, Homolichas Schmidt,
Eiflarges Richter, Arctimiriis Castehiau, &c.) (Uraliclias) ribciroi Delg.

Fam. 19. Phacopidae Salter; Phacops Emm., Trimerocephalus McCoy,
Reedia Wedekind, Acaste Goldf., (Phacopidella Reed), Pterygometopus Schm.,
Dahnania Emm., (Subgen. Dalniaiiitina Reed, Hausmannia Hall & Clarke)
Dahnaiiites Barr., Glockeria, Dcnkmannites Wedekind, Odontoccphalus Con-
rad, Cryphaeus Green, Calmonia, Pennaia, Proholoidcs Clarke.

Malacostraca :

Archaeostoma Stromer.

Hymenocaridae : Hymenocaris Salter, Hurdia, Tusoia, Odaria, Fieldia, Car-
narvotiia Wale.

Ceratiocaridae : Ceratiocaris McCoy, Caryocaris Salter, Sinocaris Mansuy,
Phasganocaris Novak, Acanthocaris Peach, Macrocaris Miller.

Echinocaridae ; Echinocaris Whitfield, Pcphricaris Clarke, Aristozoe Barr.,
{Bactropus Barr.), Ptychocaris Novak^ Tropidocaris Beecher, Emmelczoe
J. & W.

Rhinocaridae : Rhinocaris Clarke, Mesothyra Hall & Clarke,? Ditliyrocaris
Scouler.

Discinocaridae : Discinocaris Woodw., Dipterocaris Clarke, Aspidocaris
Reuss, Aptycliopsis Barr., Peltocaris Salter.

Order 2. Syncarida Packard & Caiman.

Palacocaris M. & W., Gampsonyx Jordan, (Uronectes Bronn).

Order 3. Schizopoda, Spaltf iisser : Anthrapalaemon M. & W., Pseudo-
galathea, Tealliocaris, Palaemysis, Peach, Anthrapalaemon Salt., Palaeo-
palaemon Whitfield.

Brachyura: Gitocrangoii Ritcher, Brachyopyge Woodward.

Class 2. Merostomata Woodward.

Order 1. Limulava Walcott.

Sidneyidae : Sidneyia Wale, Amiclla Wale.

Order 2. Gigantostraca Haekel.

Eurypteridae : Strabops Beecher, Enryptcnis DeKay, Onchopterns C & R.,
Tyloptcriis C. & R., Megalograptus Miller, Stylonurus Page, Dolichoptenis
Hall, Eusarcus Grote & Pitt, (Drepanopterus Laurie, Eiirysoma Claypole),
Echinognatliits Wale, AntJiraconectes M. & W., ? Adelo phthalmus Jordan & H.
von Meyer, fEurypterella Matth., fBeltina Wale, Slimonia Page, (Himanto-
pteriis Salter).

Pterygotidae : Pterygotiis Ag., Erettopterus H. & S., Hughmilleria Sarle,
Glyptoscorpius Peach, Hastimima White.

Order 3. Xiphosura.

Fam. 1. Bellinuridae Packard: BeUniirus Koenig, Prestivichia Woodward,
(Etiproops M. & W.), ProtoUmulus Pack., Prolimulus Fritsch, Halicyne von
Mayer.

Fam. 2. Aglapsidae Clarke : Aglapsis Hall.

Fam. 3. Hemiaspidae Zittel : Bunodes Eichw., (Exapiniirus Nieszk.)
Hemiaspis Woodw., Neolimulus Woodw., Psctidonisats Niezk., Bunodella
Matth.

Entomostraca :

Order 2. Cirripedia.

Fam. 1. Lepidocoleidae Clarke: Lepidocolcus Faber, Anatifopsis Barr.

Fam. 2. Turrilepadidae Clarke ; Tiirrilepas Woodward, Strobilepis Clarke.

Order 3. Ostracoda.

Lcpcrdita Rouault, Isochilina Jones, Leperditella Ulr., Schmidtella Ulrich,
Paraparchites Ulr. & Bassl., Beyrichia McCoy, Primitia Jones, Dicranella Ul-
rich, Primiticlla Ulr., Ulrichia Jones., Enrichilina Ulr., Jonesella Ulr., Bollia
Jones & Holl., Tctradella Ulr., Ceratopsis Ulr., Kloedenia J. & H., Kirkbya
Jones, Acschmina J. & H.

Cytheridae : Cythere Miiller, Cythereis Jones, Cytheridea Bosq., Carhonaria
Jones, Thlipsura J. & H., Octonaria Jones.

PART II.

AN ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE GENERA AND SUB-
GENERA OF THE TRILOBITA.

AcANTHALOMA Coiirad, 1840. See Ccratoccphala Warder.
AcANTHEUS Angelin, 1854. (Corrected to Aneucanthiis, q. v.)
AcANTHOCNEMis Corda, 1847. See Sao.

AcANTHOGRAMMA Corda, 1847. See Sao.

AcANTHOLENus Matthew, 1898. 1 sp. Upper Cambrian.
Genotype Lcptoplastus spriniger Matthew.

AcANTHOPLEURELLA Groom, 1902. 1 sp.
Genotype A. grind rodi.

AcASTE Goldfuss, 1843. 29 sp.

Genotype Phacops dozvingiac Murchison.

AcEROCARE Angelin, 1878. 8 sp., 1 var. Fam. Olenidae. Cambrian.
Genotype A. ccontc Angelin.

AciDASPis Murchison, 1839. 118 sp. Fam. Acidaspidae. Ordovician, (Sil-
urian, Devonian.)

Genotype A. hrightii Murchison.

AcRECTOPYGE Corda, 1847. See Cyhele.

AcROCEPHALiTES Wallcrius, 1895. 11 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A. stcnomctopa AngeHn.

AcROLicHAS Foerste, 1920. 12 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Lichas cucidlus Meek and Worthen.

AcTiNOPELTis Corda, 1847. 5 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype A. corali-alexandri Corda.

Aeglina Barrande, 1852. 25 sp. 1 var. Fam. Aeglinidae Gurich. Or-
dovician.

Genotype Eglc rediviva Barrande.
Cyclopyge has priority over Aeglina.

Agnostus Brongniart, 1822. 107 sp., 9 var. Fam. Agnostidae. Cambrian,
Ordovician.
Genotype Entomolithus paradoxus pisiformis Linne.

Agraulos Corda, 1847. 49 sp. credited ; probably too many. Cambrian.
Genotype Arion ceticephalus Barrande.

Albertella Walcott, 1908. 5 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A. Helena Walcott.

Alceste Corda 1847. See Illacnus.

90 San Diego Society of Natural History

Alokistocare Lorenz, 1906. 7 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Ptychoparia subcoronata Hall & Whitfield.

Amphilichas Raymond, 1905. 12 sp. Ordovician. '

Genotype Platymetopus lineatus Angelin.

Amphion Pander, 1830. See Pliomera.

Amphitryon Corda, 1847. See Remopleurides.

Amphoton Lorenz, 1906. See Dolichometopus.

Ampyx Dalman, 1826. 61 sp., 2 var. Fam. Trinucleidae. Ordovician,
Silurian.
Genotype A. nasutiis.

Ampyxina Ulrich. Ordovician.
Genotype A. hassle ri.

Anacheirurus Reed, 1896. 1 sp. Fam. Cheiruridae. Upper Tremadoc.
Genotype Chcinirus (Eccoptochile) fredcrici Salter.

Ancyropyge Clarke, 1892. Fam. Enrinuridae. Devonican.
Genotype Acidaspis {Ancyropyge) romingcri.

Aneucanthus Angelin, 1852. Cambrian.
Genotype Acantheus acutangulns Angelin.

Angelina Salter, 1859. 5 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A. sedgwicki Salter.

Anisonotus Raymond, 1920. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Shumardia glacialis Billings.

Anitopyge Girty, 1908. 2 sp. Permian.

Genotype Phillipsia perannulata Shumard.

Anomocare Angelin, 1854. 30 sp. Fam. Olenidae. Cambrian.
Genotype A. laeve Angelin.

Anomocarela Walcott,1905. 23 sp. Middle Cambrian.

Genotype A. chinesis Walcott. i

Anopocare Angelin, \SSA.=Peltura.

Anopolenus Salter, 1864. ^= Centropleura.

Anthes Goldfuss, 1843. = Pcltura.

Anthracopeltis Boulay, 1880. 1 sp. Devonian?
Genotype A. crepini Boulay.

Apatokephalus Brogger, 1896. 9 sp., 1 var. Cambrian.
Genotype Trilobites serratus Boeck.

Archegonus Burmeister, 1843. Carboniferous.
Genotype Calymene acquaUs von Meyer.
Burmeister used this genus for Phillipsia and Griffithides.

Arctinurus Castelnau, 1843. 5 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Paradoxides holtoni.

List or the Trilobita 91

Areia Barrande, 1852. 3 sp. Fam. Encrinuridae. Ordovician.
Genotype A. hohcmica Barrande.

Arethusa Barrande, 1846. See Aulacoplciira Corda, 1847.

Arethusina Barrande. lS58.=^Anlacopleura.

Arges Goldfuss, 1839, preoccupied. See Ccratarges.

Arion Barrande. See Agraulos Corda.

Arionellus Barrande. 1850. See Agroulos Corda.

Arraphus AngeXm.^ Harpes.

Arthricocephalus Bergeron, 1899. Cambrian.
Genotype A. chauveaui Bergeron.

Arthrorhachis Corda, 1847.

Genotype Agnosfus tardus Barrande.

Asaphelina Alunier, Chalmas and Bergeron, 1889. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype A. miqueli B... (Selected by Brogger.)

AsAPHELLUS Callaway, 1877. 7 sp., 1 var. Upper Tremadoc.
Genotype A. liomfrayi.

AsAPHiscus Meek, 1873. 12 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A. ivhcclcri Meek.

AsAPHUs Brongniart, 1822. About 86 sp., 8 var. Fam. Asaphidae. Or-
dovician.
Genotype Entonwlithus paradoxus expansus Linne.

AsPiODOLiTES Conrad. See Dahnanitcs.

AsTEROPYGE Corda, 1847 . ^ Dalmanitcs.

AsTYCORYPHE Rud. and E. Richter, 1919. 6 sp. Devonian.
Genotype A. scnckcnbergiana.

Atops Emmons, 1844. Cambrian.
Genotype A. trilineatus Emmons.

AuLACOPLEURA Corda, 1845. 9 sp. For Arethusa Barrande, preoccupied.
Ordovician. Devonian.
Genotype Arethusa konincki Barrande.

AvALONiA Walcott, 1898. 3 sp.

Genotyi^e A. manuelcnsis Walcott.

Bailiella Matthew. 1884. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Conoeephalites baileyi Hartt.

Barrandia Hall, = Mesonacis and Olenellus.

Barrandia McCoy, 1849. 7 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Ogygia portlocki Salter, = Homalopteon.

Basidechenella Richter. 3 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Dechenelld {Basidechenella) kayseri.

92 San Diego Society of Natural History

Basilicus Salter, 1849. 14 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Asaphus tyrannus Murchison.

BathynotuS/ Hall, 1860. 1 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Pcltura (Olcnus) holopyga Hall, the Paradoxides quadris-
pinosus Emmons, 1860.

Bathyurellus Billings, 1865. 13 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype B. abruptus Billings.

Bathyuriscus Meek, 1873. 18 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Bathyurns? haydeni Meek.

Bathyurus Billings, 1859. 24 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Asaphus extans Hall.

About fifty species have been referred to this genus, of which twenty-
six are probably erroneous.

Bavarilla Barrande, 1868. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype B. hofcnsis Barrande.

Beltella Lake, 1919. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Ellipsocephalus dcpressus Salter.

Bergeronia Matthew, 1895. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Protolcnus clegans Matthew.

Blackwelderia Walcott, 1906. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Calynicncf sinensis Bergeron.

BlainIa Walcott, 1916. 4 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Asaphiscus (Blainia) grcgarius Walcott.

Blountia Walcott, 1916. 17 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype B. minula Walcott.

BoECKiA Brogger, 1882. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype B. hirsuta Brogger.

BoHEMiLLA Barrande, 1872. 3 sp. 1 mutation. Ordovician.
Genotype B. sfupcnda.=Acglina.

BoLBOCEPHALUS Whitfield, 1890. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype BatJiyurns scclyi Whitfield.

BoRNEMANNiA Walcott, 1908. No description. Cambrian.
Genotype B. prima Walcott.

BouNYONGiA Etheridge & Mitchell, 1917. 1 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Ccratoccphala {Bounyongia) hoivningcmsis.

Brachyampyx Forbes, 1849. See Ampyx nudus.

Brachyaspis Salter, 1866. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Isotchis rcctifrons Portlock.

Brachymetopina Reed, 1893. 8 sp. Carboniferous.
Genotype B. strceleckii.

List of the Trilobita 93

Brachymetopus McCoy, 1847. 10 sp. Carl)oniferous.
Genotype Phillipsia maccoyi.

Braciivpleura Angelin. 1852. 2 sp. Fam. Remopleuridae. Ordovician.
Genotype B. scxlincafa.

Brongniartella Reed, 1918. 6 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Homalonotus (Brongniorfella) hisulcatus.

Brongniartia Eaton, 1832, not of Leach, \824.=^HomaIonotus.

Bronteopsis Wyville Thompson, 1857. 2 sp. Fam. Asaphidae. Ordo-
vician.
Genotype B. scotica Salter.

Bronteus Goldfuss, 1839.= Goldius.

BuMASTUs Murchison, 1839. 34 sp. Fam. Bumastidae. Ordovician.
Silurian.
Genotype Bumasfiis harriensis Murchison.

Burlixgia Walcott, 1908. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype B. he c tori W'alcott.

Burmeisterella Reed, 1918. 5 sp. Lower Devonian.
Genotype Homalonotus {Burmeisterella) elongatns.

Burmeisteria Salter, 1865. 9 sp. Fam. Calymenidae. Devonian.
Genotype Homalonotus herschelii.

Cainatops Matthew, 1899. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Conocoryphe pustulosus Matthew.

Callavia Matthew, 1897. 9 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Olenellus (Holinia) hroggeri Walcott.

Calmonia Clarke. 5 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. signifer.

Calvinella Walcott, 1914. 4 sp. Upper Cambrian.
Genotype Dikelocephalus spiniger Hall.

Calymene Brongniart, 1822. 58 sp. Fam. Calymenidae. Silurian, De-
vonian.
Genotype Trilohus tuberculatus Bronn.

Calymenella Bergeron, 1890. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. boselli Bergeron.

Calymexopsis Munier, Chalmers & Bergeron. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype C. filacovi.

Caphyra Barrande, 1846. 3 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. radians Barrande.

Carausia Hicks, 1872. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype C. menevensis Hicks.

94 San Diego Society of Natural History

Carmon, Barrande, 1872. 1 sp. Cambrian. 1

Genotype Trilobites mutilus Barrande.

Catadoxides Matthew, 1899. Subg. of Metadoxides, Cambrian.
Genotype M. magnificus Matthew.

Celmus AngeHn, 1854. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. granulatus Angelin.

.CENTROPLEURi^i 'Angelin, 1854. 13 sp. 11 species of Anopolenus are in-
cluded. Cambrian.
Genotype paradoxides loveni.

Cephalocanthus Lapworth, 1888, not of Lacepede, 1802. =^Callavia
and Holniia.

Ceratarges GiJrich, 1901.

Genotype Argcs armatus Goldfuss.

Ceratocephala Warder, 1838. 37 sp. Fam. Acidaspidae. Silurian.
Genotype C. goniata Warder.

Ceratolichas Hall & Clarke, 1888. 3 sp. Fam. Lichadidae. Lower De-
vonian.
Genotype C. gryps.

Ceratopyge Corda, 1847. 4 sp. and vars. Fam. Ceratopygidae Raymond.
Cambrian.
Genotype C. forficula Sars.

Ceraurinus Barton, 1913. 11 sp. Upper Ordovician.
Genotype C. marginatus Barton.

Ceraurus Green. 1832. 24 sp. Fam. Cheiruridae. Ordovician.
Genotype C. plcuraxanthcmus .

Chariocephalus Hall., 1863. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype C. ivhitficldi Hall.

Chasmops McCoy, 1849. 32 sp. 2 var. Ordovician.
Genotype Calymcne odini Eichwald.

Ohaunoproetus Rud. & E. Richter. Devonian.
Genotype Proetus (Chaunoproetus) palensis.

Cheilocephalus Berkey, 1898. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype C. st. croixensiS'. Berkey.

Cheiropyge Diemer, 1897. 1 sp. Carboniferous.
Genotype C. hhnalayensis.

Cheirurus Bey rich, 1845. 22 sp. Ordovician, Silurian
Genotype C. exsiil Beyrich.

Chondroparia Lorenz, 1906. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Agraulos pusiUiis Matthew.

Chuangia W^alcott, 1911. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Ptychopariaf batia Walcott.

List of the Triloiuta 95

Clelandia Grossman. 1902. 1 sp. Replaces Harrisia Cleland, 1903, pre-
occupied. Ordovician.
Genotype Harrisia parabola Gleland.

GoLYMBUS Hadding, 1913. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. lovisae.

CoNASPis Hall, 1863. 15 sp. Gambrian.
Genotype Conoccphalitcs per sens Hall.

GoNDYLOPYGE Gorda. 1847.

Genotype Battus rex Barrande.

GoNioPLEURA Gorda, 1847. See Cyphaspis.

GoNOCEPHALiTES Barrande, 1852. For Preoccupied Conoceplialus and
Trigonoeephalus Zenker, 1833. ^ Various forms in many genera.

GoNOCEPHALUS Zenker, 1833. See Conocephalitcs.

GoNOCORYPHE Gorda. 1847. 34 sp. Fam. Gonocoryphidae. Gambrian.
Genotype Trilobitcs suhcri Scblotheim.

GoNOKEPHALiNA Broggcr, 1886. 8 sp. Gambrian.
Genotype Conoccphalitcs ornatus Brogger.

GoNOLicHAS Dames, 1888. 7 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Lichas acqiiilobus Steinhardt.

GoNOPARiA Gorda, 1847. 2 sp. Barrande referred this to Cyphaspis. It
contains species with tw^elve thoracic segments. Devonian.
Genotype Cyphaspis barrandei.

GoNOPHRYS Gallaway, 1874. See Shumardia.

GoosiA Walcott, 1911. 6 sp. Gambrian.
Genotype C. superba Walcott.

GoRDANiA Glarke, 8 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Phacthonidcs cyclurus.

GoRNUPROETUs Rud. & E. Richter. 1919. Devonian.
Genotype Proctus (Cornuproefus) scnckcnbcrgianus.

GoRONURA Hall & Glarke, 1888. 3 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. aspcctans (Gonrad).

GoRYCEPHALUs Hall & Glarke. 3 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. rcgalis.

GoRYDOCEPHALUS Gorda, 1847. 17 sp. Silurian.

Genotype C. flabcllatus Gorda ^= C. palmatus Barrande.

GoRYNEXocHus AngcHn, 1854. 10 sp. Fam. Gorynexochidae. Gambrian.
Genotype C . spinulosiis Angelin.

Subgenus : Bonnia Walcott. 3 sp. Gambrian.
Genotype Corynexochus parvulus Billings.

Graspedarges Giirich, 1901.
Genotype C. ivilcanniac.

96 San Diego Society of Natural History

Crepicephalus Owen, 1852. 33 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Dicelloccphalus iozcensis Owen.

Crithias Corda, 1847. See Sao.

Cromus Barrande, 1852. 6 sp. Referred to Encrinurus.

Crossoura Moberg & Segerberg, 1906. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. parvula Mauds.

Crotalocephalus Salter, 1853. 10 sp. Silurian, Devonian.
Genotype Calymene articulata Munster.

Crotalurus Volborth. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. barrandei.

Cryphaeus Green, 1837, preoccupied in Coleoptera. See Asteropyge
Corda.

Cryphina Oehlert, 1889. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. andegavensis.

Cryptolithus Green, 1832, (for Trinucleus) . 61 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. tessclatus Green.

Cryptonymus Eichwald, 1825, see Asaphus (4 sp.) and Illaenus (4 sp.)

Cryptonymus Eichwald, 1840, see Encrinurus (6 sp.).

Ctenocephalus Corda, 1847, 7 sp., 3 var. Cambrian.
Genotype C. harrandei Corda.

Ctenopyge Linnarsson, 1880, 17 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Olenus (Sphaerophthalmus) pecten Salter.

Cybele Loven, 1845. 28 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Calymene bellatula Dalman.

Cyreloides Slocum, 1913. 6 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype C. iozvensis Slocum.

Cyclognathus Linnarsson, 1875. 5 sp. 1 var. Cambrian.
Genotype C. inicropygus Linnarsson.
Moberg and Moller hold this genus to be a synonym of Acerocare.

Cyclopyge Corda, 1847. 25 sp., 1 var. See Aeglina.

Cylindraspis Sandberger, 1856. 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. latispinosa.

Kayser referred Phillipsia aequalis to it ; Richter referred Cylindraspis
macro phthalma to Euproetus.

Cylindrocephalus Trinker, preoccupied.

Cyphaspides Novak, 1890. 5 sp. Devonian.
Genotype C. Scuticaiida.

Cyphaspis Burmeister, 1843. 77 sp. Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian.
Genotype Phacops ccratophthalmus Goldfuss.

Cyphoniscus Salter, 1852. Cambrian.
Genotype C. socialis Salter.

List of the Trilobita 97

Cyrtometopus Angelin, 1852. 12 sp., 1 var. Fam. Clieiruridae. Ordovician.
Genotype Calymcnc clavifrons Dalman.

Cyrtosymbole Richter, 1913, 11 sp. Devonian.

Dalmania Enimrich, 1844. Preoccupied. Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian.

Dalmanites Barrande, 1852. 10 sp., 10 var. For Dalmania preoccupied.
Genotype Tnlobus caudatus Bronn.

Dalmanitina Reed, 1908. 11 sp.. 1 var. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype Dalmanites socialis Barrande.

Damesella Walcott, 1905. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. blackivelderi Walcott.

Dawsonia Matthew = Goniodisciis.

Dechenella Kayser, 1880. 29 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Trilobites vcrticalis Burmeister, 1843.
Subgenera :

Basidechenella Richter. 1912. 4 sp.
Eudechenella Richter, 1912. 19 sp.
Eudechenella Richter, 1912. 19 sp.
Paradechenella Richter, 1912. 1 sp.

Deiphon Barrande, 1850. 4 sp. Silurian.
Genotype D. forbesi Barrande.

Denckmannia Wedekind, 1914. 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Phacops volborthi Barrande.

Deucalion Stschegloff, 1827.

The author proposed Deucalion for two species now known as Nileus
armadillo and Illacnus crassicauda.

Diaphanometopus Schmidt, 181. 1 sp. Fam. Cheiruridae. Ordovician.
Genotype D. volborthi Schmidt.

DicHAGNOSTUs Jaekel, 1891. See Pleuroctenium.

Dicranactis Corda, 1847. See Bronteus.

DiCRANOGMus Corda, 1847. 3 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Lichas simplex Barrande.

Giirich, 1901, proposed Liparges for Corda's genus. Reed placed it
under Corydocephalus.

DiCRANOPELTis Corda, 1847. 9 sp. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype Lichas scaber Beyrich.

Dr. Giirich proposed Trachylichas for Corda's genus, which Reed
placed under Dicranopeltis with 5 species.

DiCRANURUs Conrad, 1841. 4 sp. Devonian.
Genotype D. hamatus.

DiCTYOCEPHALiTES Bergeron. 1895. Cambrian.

Genotype D. villerbruni, referred to Dikclokcphalina by Brogger.

i

98 San Diego Society of Natural History

DiGOMUS Giirch. 7 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Homalonotus gigas Roemer.

DiKELOKEPHALiNA Brogger. 6 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. dicraeura Angelin.

DiKELOCEPHALUS Owen, 1852. Fam. Dicellocephalidae Miller. 21 sp.
Ordovician.
Genotype D. ntinnesotensis Owen.

DiNDYMENE Corda. 1847. 11 sp. Ordovican.
Genotype D. frcderici-augusti Corda.

DiNESUs Etheridge, 1896. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. id a Etheridge.

DiONE Barrande, 1847. See Dionidc Barrande, 1847, and Polytomurus
Corda, 1847.

DiONiDE Barrande, 1847. 10 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype D. fonnosa.

DiPLAGNOSTUs Jaekel, 1901.

Genotype Agnostus planicauda Angelin.

DiPLEURA Green, 1832. 6 sp. Devonian.
Genotype D. dckayi Green.

DiPLORRHiNA Corda, 1847. See Peronopsis.

DoLiCHOMETOPUS Angelin, 1854. 16 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. svccicus Angelin.

DoRYPYGE Dames, 1883, 22 sp. 4 var. Cambrian.
Genotype D. richthofcni Dames.

DoRYPYGELLA Walcott, 1905. 2 sp. ^ Tcinistion Monke.

Drepanura Bergeron, 1899. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. prcmesnili Bergeron.
Woodward compares the pygidium with Bathynotus.

Dresbachia Walcott, 1916. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype D. ainata Walcott.

Drevermannia Richter, 1913. 7 sp. Devonian.
Genotype D. schrnidti.

Dysplanus Burmeister, 1843. 17 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Asaphiis ccntrotus Dalman.

Ebenezeria Marcou, 1888. = Elliptocephala.

EccONCHOECiA Mobcrg, 1895. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype E. mitcronata.

EccoPTOCHiLE Corda, 1847. 12 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Cheirurus claviger Beyrich.

List of the Trilobita 99

EcHiNOLiCHAS Giirich, 1901. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype LicJias criopsis Hall.

EcTENASPis Raymond. 1920. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Mcyalaspis hcckcri Slocuni.

EcTENOTUs Raymond. 1920. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Auipliion 7VCstoni Billings.

EcTiLLAENUs Salter, 1867. 2 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Illacinis (Ecfillacnus) pcrovalis (Murchison.)
Raymond, 1916. remarks, "The genus should be dropped."

Egle Barrande, 1846. See Acglina and Cyclopygc.

EiFLiARGES Richter. 1917. Devonian.

Genotype Lichas (Eifliargcs) caudiniirus.

Ellipsocephalus Zenker, 1833. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype THIobifcs hoffi Schlotheim.

Elliptocephala Emmons, 1844. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype E. asaphoides Emmons.

Elyx Angelin, 1852. 2 sp. = Ctcnoccphalus.

Embolinu.s Roeminger, 1887.=^ ZacantJwidcs.

Emmrichella Walcott, 1911. 5 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Ptychoparia thcana Walcott.

Encrinurus Emmrich. 1844. 51 sp. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype Trilobus punctatus Brunn.

Endogramma Corda, 1847. See Sao.

Endymion Billings, changed to Endyinionia.

Endymionia Billings, 1862. 2 sp. Fam. Edymionidae Raymond. Ordovician.
Genotype E. mccki Billings.

Enneacnemis Corda, 1847. See Sao.'

EocoRYNE Matthew, 1886.

Genotype E. goninm Matthew.

EoDlscus Matthcvv, 1896. Cambrian.

Genotype Microdiscus scJiucJicrti Matthew.

EoHARPEs Raymond, 1903. To replace Harpina, preoccupied. 10 sj). Or-
dc ician.
Genotype Harpina prima Barrande.

EoHOMALONOTus Reed, 1918. To replace Brogniartia. preoccupied. 14 sp.
Ordovician.
Genotype Homalonotus (Echomalonotus) hrongniarti Desl.

Erinnys Salter, 1856. 4 sp. Not of Schranck 1801. = Bailiclla.

EuARGES Giirich, 1901. 2 sp. = CorydoccpJialiis.

100 San Diego Society of Natural History

EuDECHANELLA Richtcr, 1912. 10 sp. Subgenus of Dechenella. Devonian.
Genotype Phillipsia verncuili Barrande.

EuLOMA Angelin, 1854. 9 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype E. lacve Angelin.

EuPROETus Richter, 1913. 5 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Proetus (Euproetus) hivalletus.

EuRYCARE Angelin, 1854. 5 sp. Cambrian,
Genotype E. hrevicauda Angelin.

EuRYMETOPUs Postletliv^aitc & Goodchild, 1886. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype E. cumbrianus P. &. G.

EuTRiMEROCEPHALUS Gortani, 1907. A subdivision of Trimeroccphalus.
Devonian.
Genotype Trinuclcus laevis Miinster.

FiALOiDES Hadding, 1914. 1 sp. A cranidium figured which might be
compared with Amphoton stcinmanni Lorenz. Ordovician.
Genotype F. antiquatus.

FoRBESiA McCoy, 1846. Preoccupied. Silurian (Upper Ludlow).
Genotype F. latifrons.

Frammia Holtedahl, 1914.
Genotype F. dissimilis.

Geniacanthus Corda, 1847. See Sao.

Geniopleura Corda, 1847. See CypJiaspis.

Georgiellus Moberg, 1899. =: EUiptocephala. Cambrian.

Gerasaphus Clarke. 1894. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype G. idrichiand Clarke.

Gerastos Goldfuss, 1843. 7 sp. = Proetus. Devonian.

GiORDANELLA Bornemann, 1891. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Illacnus mcncghinii Bornemann.

Glaphurus Raymond, 1905. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Arioncllus pustidatiis Wallcott.

Glockeria Wedekind, 1914, 3 sp. Devonian.
Genotype G. glockcri Barrande.
Mclearn, 1918, referred it to Phacopina Reed, 1905.

GoLDius DeKoninck, 1841. 131 sp. Ordovician, Devonian.
Genotype G. flahcllifcr.

GoNiODiscus Raymond, 1896. Cambrian.
Genotype Agnostus lobatus Hall.

GoNiURUS Raymond, 1913, 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathyurus per s pic at or Billings.

List of the Trilobita 101

Grifithides Portlock, 1843. 53 sp. Carboniferous.
Genotype G. globiceps; no genotype published.

Hanburia Walcott. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype H. gloriosa Walcott.

Haploconus Raymond, 1913. 3 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathyurns smithi Billings.

Harpes Goldfuss, 1839. 30 sp. Fam. Harpeidae Corda. Ordovician 10 sp.,
Silurian 14 sp., Devonian 6 sp.
Genotype Trilohitcs ungida Sternberg.

Harpidella McCoy. See Cyphaspis.

Harpides Beyrich. 1846. 8 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype H. hospes Beyrich.

Harpina Novak. See Eoliarpcs. 1 sp.

Harrisia Cleland. Isp. Ordovician.

Referred to Clelandia by Grossman.

Hartshillia Illing, 1915.

Genotype Holoccphalcria inflata Hicks.

Harttella JMatthew, 1885. Cambrian.

Genotype Conoccphalites mattheivi Hartt.

Harttia Walcott, 1884. Cambrian.
Genotpye H. matthcwi Walcott.

Hausmannia Hall & Clarke. 4 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Dalmanitcs {Hausmannia) caudatus.

Heiloproetus Rud. & E. Richter. 3 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Proetus (Heiloproetus) ebersdorfensis.

Heliomera Raymond, 1905. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Cheirurus sol Billings.

Hemiarges Giirich. 1 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Lichas zvesenbergensis Schmidt.

Hemicrypturus Green. See Asaphus expansus and Calymene clintoni.

Hemigyraspis Raymond, 1918. 8 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Isotelus affinis McCoy.

Hemisphaerocoryphe Reed, 1896. 3 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Sphaerexochns pseud ohcmicraniuni Nieszk,

Herse Corda, 1847 . = Agraulos Corda.

HicKsiA Delgado 1904. 9 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype H. ehensis Delgado.

HoEFERiA Redlich. 1901. = Rcdlichia.

102 San Diego Society of Natural History

HoLASAPHUS Matthew, 1895. 7 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype H. ccntropyge Matthew.

HoLEMERis Corda, 1847. See Brontcus.

HoLMiA Matthew, 1890. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Paradoxides kjcridfi Linrs.

HoLOCEPHALiNA Salter. 1864. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype H. priniordiaUs Salter.

HoLOMETOPUs Angelin 1854. 8 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype H. limhatus AngeHn.

HoLOTRACHELLUs Linnarssoii mss., Hohn, 1898. ^ Illaenus.

HoMALONOTUs Koenig, 1825. Ordovician, Silurian. Devonian.
Genotype H. knighti Koenig.

HoMALOPS Remele, 1855. = Phacops.

HoMALOPTEON Salter, 1866. 3 sp. Subgenus of Barrandia. Ordovician.
Genotype Ogygia portlocki Salter.

HoMOGLOSSA Raymond. 1912. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Ogygia dilatata panderi Schmidt.

HoMOLiCHAS Schmidt. 1885. 6 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Lichas dcprcssus Angelin.

HoMOTELUS Raymond. 1920. 7 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype H. ulrichi.

Derived from Isotchis for species partly referred to Onchomctopus.

HoPLOLicHAs Dames. 1872. 10 sp. & var. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype Lichas tricuspidatus Beyrich.

HousiA Walcott, 1916. 1 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Dolichomctopus (Housia) varro Walcott.

HuNGiA Walcott. 1913. Ozarkian.
Genotype H. hillingsi Walcott.

Hyboaspis Raymond, 1920. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype H. shulcri Raymond.

Hydrocephalus Barrande. 1846. 2 sp. = Paradoxides.

Hydrolenus Salter, 1866. Ordovician.

Genotype Illacnus {Hydrolenus) conifrons. Raymond. 1916. remarks
that the genotype belongs to the older genus Thaleops, therefore the
genus should be dropped.

Hypagnostus Jaekel, 1909. Cambrian.

Genotype Agnostus parvifrons Linnarsson.

Hysterolenus Moberg. 1898. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype H. tornquisti Moberg.

Hystricurus Raymond, 1913. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathyunis conicus Billings.

List of the Trilobita 103

Illaenoides Weller, 1903. 2 sp. Silurian.
Genotype /. trilobiis Weller.

Illaenopsis Salter, 1866. 2 sp. Ordovician (Lower Llancleilo).
Genotype /. fhoiiipsoiii Salter.

Illaenurus Hall. 1863. 9 sp. Upper Cambrian and Early Ordovician.
Genotype /. quadratus Hall.

Illaenus Dalman. 1826. 125 sp. Cambrian. Ordovician. Silurian.
Genotype Entomostracitcs crassicaiahi Wahlenberg.

Inouyia \\'alcott, 1911. 10 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Agraulos? capax Walcott.

IsocoLUS Angelin. 1854. Ordovician.

Genotype /. sjdijrcni Angelin. A blind genus incompletely known.

IsoTELOiDES Raymond, 1910. 4 sp. Fam. xA.sapridae. Ordovician.
Genotype Isotclus zvliitficldi Raymond.

IsoTELUs DeKay, 1824. 29 sp., 1 var. Fam. Asaphidae. Ordovican.
Genotype /. gigas DeKay.

JoNOTUs von Meyer. See Harpes. Devonian.

Karlia Walcott. See Corynexochus. 2 sp.

Kawina Barton, 1915. 5 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Chcirurus vulcanus Billings.

KjERULFiA Kiaer, 1916. Cambrian.
Genotype A', lata Kiaer.

YioK^iiGiA^H omalonotus .

KooTENiA Walcott, 1888. Cambrian.

Genotype Bathyuriscus {Kootcnia) dawsoni Walcott.

Lehua Barton, 1913. 3 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Chcirurus viiiculmn.

Leiagnostus Jaekel, 1901, = Plialacroma.

Leiolichas Schmidt, 1885. 2 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Platymetopus illaenoides Nieszkowski.

Leiostegium Raymond, 1913. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathynrus quadratus Billings.

Lejopvge Corda, 1847. Cambrian.

Genotyi^e Battus lacvigatus Dalman.

Leonaspis Rud. & E. Richter. 1917.

Genotype Acidaspis {Leonaspis) Iconhardi Barrande.

Leptoplastus Angelin. 1854. 10 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype L. stcnotus Angelin.

104 San Diego Society of Natural History

Levisia Walcott, 1911. 5 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Agraulos agenor Walcott.

LiCHAPYGE Callaway, 1877. 2 sp. Silurian (Middle Bala).
Genotype L. cuspidata Callaway.

LiCHAg Dalman, 1826. 69 sp. Ordovician, Devonian.
Genotype Entomostracites wahlcnbergi.

LiocALYMENE Raymond, 1916, 1 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Hemicrypturns clintoni Vanuxem.

LiocEPHALUs Gronwall, 1902. 6 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Conocoryphe hnpressus Linnarsson.

LioPARiA Lorenz, \906, =^ Anornocare.

LiosTRACiNA Monke, 1903. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype L. krausei Monke.

LiosTRACUs Angelin, 1854. 22 sp., 4 var. Cambrian.
Genotype L. aciileatus Angelin.

LiPARGES Giirch, \90\.^ Cory docephalus.

LiSANiA Walcott, 1911. 6 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Anomacarclla? bur a Walcott.

Lloydia Vogdes. 1890. 5 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Bathyurus bitubcrculafus Billings.

LoGANELLUs Devine, 1863. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype L. qucbeccnsis Devine.

LoNCHOCEPHALUS Owcn. 1852. 15 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype L. chippewacnsis Owen.

LoNCHODOMUS Angelin, 1854, 15 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Ampyx rostraius Sars.

Macrotoxus Lorenz, 1901,= Conaspis.

Malladaia Oehlert, 1896. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Cryphaeus (Malladaia) luciae.

Marella Walcott, 1912. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. splendens Walcott.

Marjumia Walcott, 1916. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. typa Walcott.

Maryvillia Walcott, 1916. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. typa Walcott.

Maryvilla Walcott. 1916. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. arion Walcott.

Megalaspides Brogger, 1896. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype M. dalccarlicus Holm.

List of the Trilorita 105

Megalaspis Angelin, 1854. 58 sp., 17 vars. Ordovician.
Genotype M. gigas Angelin.

Megalophthalmus Lorenz, 1906, = Anomoc arc.

Meneghinella Bornemann, 1891. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. serrata Bornemann.

Menocephalus Owen. 1852. 10 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. minnesotensis Owen.

Menomonia Walcott, 1916. 1 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Conocephalitcs calymcnoidcs Whitfield.

Mesagnotus Jaekel = ^^j/o.s7//,s- and Pcronopsis.

Mesonacis Walcott. 1885. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Olenus vermontanus Hall.

Mesopheniscus Corda = Agnostus.

Metacanthus Corda, 1847, = Dahnanites.

Metadoxides Bornemann, 1891.

Genotype Paradoxides torosus Meneghini.
Subgenera :

Catadoxides. Type C. magnificus Matthew. 1 sp.
Metadoxides ss. Type M. torosus. 1 sp.
Anadoxides. Type A. armatus. 1 sp.

Metalichas Reed, 1902. 4 sp.

Genotype LicJias cicatricosus Schmidt, not Loven.

Metopias Eichwald, 1842, not Gory. 1832, in Coleoptera, =^ M ^fo/'o/zV /mj.

Metopolichas Giirich, 1901, for Mctopias, preoccupied. Ordovician.
Genotype M. huhneri Eichwald.

MiAGNOSTUs Jaekel. 1901, == Lejopyge.

MiCMACCA Matthew ,1895. 9 sp.. 2 var. Cambrian.
Genotype M. matthcrsi Matthew.

MiCRODiscus of outhors = Lonchodomus, and included species of Eodiscus
and Goniodiscus.

MiCROPARiA Corda, 1847. See Acglina Barrande.

MiCROPYGE Corda. 1847. See Sao.

MiLLARDiA Walcott, 1916. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. scmcle Walcott.

MiRASPis Rud. & E. Richter, 1917.

Genotype Acidaspis (Miraspis) mira.

MoHiCANA Cobbold, 1910. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. lata Cobbold.

MoLLisoNiA Walcott, 1912. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype M. symmetrica W^alcott.

106 San Diego Society of Natural History

MoNADiNA Corda = Soo.

MoNORHACHis Schmidt, 1886. 2 sp. Devonian?
Genotype Phacops (AlonorhacJiis) Icpatini.

Nathorstia Walcott, 1912. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A'', transitans Walcott.

Nattainia Eaton, 1832. See Cryptolithiis.

Portlock, 1843, used this name for Lichas hibernicus.

Neolenus Matthew, 1890. 6 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Ogyyia serrata Rominger.

Neseuretu.? Hicks, 1872. Cambrian, Tremadoc.
Genotype A^. ramseyensis Hicks.

Nevadia Walcott, 1910. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A^ wceksi W'alcott.

NiEszKOwsKiA Schmidt, 1881. 9 sp. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype Spliacroxochits ccphaloccras Nieszkowski.

NiLEOiDES Raymond, 1920. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype A'^. perkinsi.

NiLEUs Dalman, 1826. 12 sp., 2 var. Ordovician.
Genotype Aspahus {Nileus) armadillo Dalman.

NiOBE Angelin, 1852. 16 sp. Ordovician, Tremadoc.
Genotype A^. lata Angelin.

NoRWOODiA Walcott, 1916. 5 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype A^ gracilis Walcott.

NoTASAPHus Gregory, 1903. Cambrian.
Genotpye A^. fergusoni Gregory.

OcTiLLAENUs Salter, 1867. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Illacnus hisingcri Barrande.

Odontocephalus Conrad, 1840. 4 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Dahnanitcs {Odoutoccphalns) sclenitrus.

Odontochile Corda, 1847. Preoccupied, 1834, in Coleoptera.
Genotype O. applanata Corda.

Odontopleura Emmrich, 1839. 57 sp. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype 0. ovata Emmrich.

Odontopyge Corda, 1847. Cambrian.

Genotype Olcnus gibbosus Dalman, part.

Ogygia Brongniart, 1822. 24 sp. Cambrian, Silurian. Preoccupied in
Lepidoptcra in 1822. Replaced by Ogygiocaris Angelin, 1854.

Ogyginus Raymond, 1912. Ordovician.

Genotype Asaphus corudensis Murchison.

List of the Trilorita 107

Ogygiocaris Angelin, 1854. 3 sp.. 5 var. Ordovician, Cambrian.
Genotype Trilohus dilatatus Brunnich.

Ogygites Tomelin & Lebesconte. 1876. 29 sp.
Genotype Ogygia gucttardi Brongniart.

Ogygopsis Walcott, 1888. 1 sp. Camlirian.
Genotype Ogygia klotci Roniinger.

Olenelloides Peach, 1894. 1 sp.
Genotype 0. annatus Peach.

Olenellus Hall. 1860. 17 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Barrandia tJionipsoui Hall.

Olenoides Meek, 1877. 5 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Farad oxidcsf nevadcnsis Meek.

Olenopsis Bornemann, 1891. 11 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Olcnus zoppii Meneghini.

Olenus Dalman, 1827. 20 sp., 1 var. Cambrian or later.
Genotype Entomostracitcs gibbosus.

Okcholichas Schmidt, 1885. 4 sp. Silurian.
Genotype LicJias ornatus.

Oxchometopus Schmidt, 1898. 5 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype O. volborthi. Nine species have been referred to this genus,
four of which Raymond referred to Homotelus gen. nov.

O^TvcoPYGE Woodward, 1880. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype 0. liversidgci Woodward.

Ortnops Rafinesque, 1832, = Calymene.

Orometopus Brogger, 1896. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Holometopus? clafifrons Angelin.

Orr [A Walcott, 1916. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype O. elcgans Walcott.

Orvctocare Walcott, 1908. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype O. gcikiei Walcott.

Or V otocephalus Walcott, 1886. 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype O. primus Walcott.

OsrEOLiA Walcott, 1914. 1 sp. Upper Cambrian.
Genotype Dikclocephalus osccola Hall.

Otarion Zenker, 1833.

A heterogeneous assembly of species belonging in part to the genera
Ccrauriis, Conocoryphe, and Synhonialonotus.

Owfxella Walcott = Marjumia.

Paedumias Walcott, 1910. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype P. transitans Walcott.

108 San Diego Society of Natural History

Pagetia Walcott, 1916. 2 sp. Fam. Eodiscidae. Cambrian.
Genotype P. bootcs Walcott.

Paggdia Walcott, 1905. 4 sp. Upper Cambrian.
Genotype P. lotus.

Pagura Emmons =^ Bathynotus.

Palaeolenus Mansuy, 1912. 3 sp.
Genotype P. douvillci Mansuy.

PA.LAE0PYGE Salter, 1856. 1 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype P. ramsayi Salter. A very doubtful genus.

Panderia Volborth, 1863. 13 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype P. triquetra Volborth.

Parabolina Salter, 1849. 17 sp., 2 var. Cambrian.
Genotype Entomostracitcs spinulosus Wahlenberg.

Parabolinella Brogger, 1882. 13 sp... Cambrian.
Genotype P. limitis Brogger.

Parabolinopsis Boeck, 1912.
Genotype P. mariana Hoek.

Paradechenella Richter, 1912. Devonian.

Genotype Dechcnclla (ParadccJicnclla) tschernyschezvi.

Paradoxides Brongniart, 1822. 46 sp., 10 var. Cambrian.
Genotype P. tessini Brongniart.

Paragnostus Jaekel, 1909. See Condylopyge.

Parahomalonotus Reed, 1918. 8 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Houialonotus (Parahomalonotus) gcrvillci.

Paralejurus Corda, 1847. See Bronteus.

Paralichas Reed, 1902. 5 sp. See Amphilichas.

Peachella Walcott, 1910. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Olenelliis iddingsi Walcott.

Pectunculites Hermann, 1711.

The earliest description of a Trilobite of the genus Encrinurus.

Peltura Milne-Edwards, 1840. 10 sp., 3 var. Cambrian.
Genotype Entomstracites scarabaeoidcs Wahlenberg.

Pemphigaspis Hall, 1863. 15 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype P. bullata Hall.

Pennaia Clarke, 1913. Devonian.
Genotype P. piil liana Clarke.
A very distinct variation of the Mesembria type of Dalmanites.

Peronopsis Corda, 1947. Cambrian.
Genotype Battus integer Beyrich.

List of the Trilobita 109

Petigurus Raymond, 1913. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathyurus nero Billings.

Phacopidella Reed, 1903. 12 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Phacops glockcri Barrande.

Phacopina Clarke, 1913. 4 sp. Devonian.
Genotype Phacops brasilicnsis Clarke.

Phacops Emmrich, 1839. About 133 sp. Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian.
Genotype Phacops latifrons Bronn.

Phaethonides Angelin, 1854, 13 sp. (8 sp. to Cordania) Devonian.
Genotype P. archiaci Angelin.

Phaeton Barrande, 1846, not of Brisson, 1770. Changed to Prionopeltis.

Phaetonellus Novak. 1890. 4 sp. Devonian, (f/2).

Genotype Proctus (Phaetonellus) planicauda rhenanus.

Phalacroma Corda, 1847. Cambrian.
Genotype Calymcnc piilchra Barrande.

Phanoptes Corda, 1847. See Paradoxides.

Pharostoma Corda, 1847. 6 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Calymcnc pidchra Barrande.
Synonym of Prionochcilus Rouault.

Phillipisa Portlock. 1843. About 90 sp., 3 var. Carboniferous.
Genotype Asaphns gemmuliferus Phillips.

Phillipsinella Novak, 1885. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Phillipsia parabola Barrande.

Phlysaceum Corda, 1847, = Paradoxides.

Phyllaspis Richter, 1863. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype P. raniccps.

PiLEKiA Barton. 1915. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Ch. apollo Billings.

PiLiOLiTES Cozzens, 1846, = Proctus.

Placoparia Corda, 1847. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype P. cippei Boeck.

Plaesiacomia Corda, 1947. Referred to Homalonotus.

Platopolichas Giirich, 1901. 9 sp.. 1 var. Ordovician.
Genotype P. margaritifera Nieszkowski.

Platycolpus Raymond, 1913. 7 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Bathyurus capax Billings.

Platymetopus Angelin, 1854. 12 sp. Preoccupied, see Amphilichas.

Platynotus Conrad, 1839, not Fabricius 1801. in Coleoptera = Arc-
tinurus.
Genotype Paradoxides boltoni.

110 San Diego Society of Natural History

Platypeltis Callaway. 1874. 3 sp.

Genotype Asaphus {Platypeltis) crofftii Callaway.

Plethopeltis Raymond, 1913. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Agraidos saratogcnsis Walcott.

Pleuracanthus Milne-Edwarcls, ISAO, =^Dalinanites.

Pleuroctenium Corda, 1847. Cambrian.
Genotype Battus granulatus Barrande.

Pliomera Angelin, 1852. 11 sp.

Genotype Amphion fischeri Eichwald.
Subgenus :

Encrinurella Reed, 1915.

Genotype Pliomera {Encrinurella) insangensis Reed.

Pliomerops Raymond. 1918. Ordovician.
Genotype Anipliion canadensis Billings.

Plusiarges Giirich, 1901, preoccupied. See Corydoccphalus.

PlutonIa Hicks, \^7\,=^ Paradoxides.

PoLiELLA Walcott. 9 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Bathyuriscus {PolicUa) ant eras.

Polyeris Rouault, 1846. = Odontopleura.

Polytomurus Corda, 1847,=^ Dionide.

Porcelliana Isberg, 1917. 1 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype P. longicornis.

Portlockia McCoy, 1843. 3 sp.^Acaste.

Primaspis Rud. & E. Richter, 1917. Ordovician.

Genotype Addas pis {Primaspis) priniordialis Barrande.

Prinopeltis Corda, 1847. 5 sp. Devonian.
Genotype P. archaica Barrande.

Prionocheilus Rouault, 1846, = Calymene.

Proampyx Freeh, 1902. 3 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Anomocarc acmninatum Angelin.

Probolium Oehlert, 1889. 7 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Dahnanites {Probolium) galloisi.

Proboloides Clarke, 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype P. cuspidatus Clarke.

Proceratopyge Wallerius, 1895. Cambrian.
Genotype P. conifrons Wallerius.

Proetus Steininger. 1831. Over 200 sp. (226?). Ordovician, Silurian,
Devonian, Carboniferus.
Genotype P. cuvieri Steininger.

Richter divides the Devonian representatives into 9 subgenera. Dre-
vermannia, Cyrtosymbole, Tyfhroproetus, Pteroparia. Eu proetus,
Proetus s. s., Astycoryphe, Eremiproetus, Cornuproetus.

List of the Trilobita 111

Prosopiscus Salter. Fam. Cheiruridae Barton. Middle Ordovician.
Genotype P. minus Salter.

Protagraulos ]\Iatthew. 1895. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype P. priscns Matthew.

Protolenus Matthew, 1892. 9 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype P. parad oxides Matthew.

Protolichas Reed, 1902. Reed used this name for his first group of the
Lichadidae.

Protopeltura Brogger. 1882. 5 sp., 2 var. Cambrian.
Genotype P. acuthura Brogger.

Protypus Walcott, 1886. 3 sp. Cambrian, Ordovician.
Genotype Angelina hitchcocki Whitfield.

PsEUDAGNOSTUs Jaekel, 1909. Cambrian.
Genotype Agnostus cyclopyge Tullberg.

PsEUDOPHiLLiPSiA Gemmellaro, 1890. 2 sp. Carboniferous.
Genotype P. elegans.

PsEUDOSPHAEREXOCHUs Schmidt, 1881. 11 sp. Ordovician, (Cl/b).
Genotype Sphaercxochns hemicranium Kutorga.

PsiLOCEPHALUS Salter, 1866. 2 sp. Lower Tremadoc.
Genotype P. innotatus Salter.

Pterocephalia Roemer, 1849. 6 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype P. sancti-sabae Roemer.

Pterolichas Giirich, 1901,^ Arctmnrus Castelnau.

Pteroparia Richter, 1913. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype P. columhella Richter.

Pterygometopus Schmidt, 1881.

Genotype Calymene sclerops Dalman.

Ptychagnostus Jaekel, 1909. Cambrian.

Genotype Agnostus piinetulosus Angelin.

Ptychaspis Hall, 1863. 22 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Dikelocephahis niiniscaensis Owen.

Ptychocheilus Novak, 1883. 2 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Ogygia discreta Barrande.

Ptychoparia Corda, 1847. Cambrian.

Genotype Conocephalus striatus Emmrich.

Ptychopyge Angelin, 1854. 28 sp., 5 var. Ordovician.
Genotype P. glabrata Angelin.

Radiaspis Richter. Devonian.

Genotype Acidaspis (Radiaspis) radiata Goldfuss.

Raphiophorus Angelin, \^SA,^Ampyx.

112 San Diego Society of Natural History

Redlichia Grossman, 1902. 7 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Hocferia noetlingi Redlich.

Reedia Wedekind, 1911, 11 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Phacops {Reedia) bronni.

Remopleurides Portlock, 1843. 19 sp., 1 var. Cambrian, Ordovician.
Genotype R. colbyi.

Rhinaspis Remele, 1885.

Genotype R. erratic a Remele.

Rhodope Angelin, 1854, not of Roll, \d>A7,=^Illaenus.

Robergia Wiman, 1902. 1 sp., 1 var. Cambrian.

Genotype Remopleurides inicrophthahnus Linnarsson.

Salteria Thompson, 1864. 2 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype S. primaeva Thompson. Genus closely related to Dionide.

Salteria Walcott, 1884, = Bailiella.

Sao Barrande, 1846. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Sao hirsuta Barrande.

Saratogia Walcott, 1916. 10 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype 5". calcifera Walcott.

Sarkia Kloucek, 1920. Ordovician.
Genotype S. hohemica.

Saukia Walcott, 1914. 13 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Dikelocephalus lodensis Whitfield.

ScHANTUNGiA Lorenz, 1906. 4 sp. not of Walcott, 1905.

ScHizoPROETUS Ricliter, 1913. Fam. Aeonidae. Devonian.
Genotype S. celechovensis.

ScHizoPYGE Clarke, 1890. 3 sp. Devonian.

Genotype Homalonotus {Schizopyge) parand Clarke.

ScHMALENSEEiA Moberg, 1903. 1 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype S. amphionura Moberg.

ScHMiDTELLA Tschcmyschew, 1893. 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype S. uralica.

ScHMiDTELLA Matthew, 1895. For a genus of Ostracoda.

ScHMiDTiA Moberg, 1890, = M^.yowom.

ScHMiDTiELLUS Moberg & Segerberg, 1906, = Mesonacis.

Selenopeltis Corda, 1847, 1 sp. ^Acidaspis.

Selenopychus Corda, 1847, = Aeglina.

Shantungia Walcott, 1905. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype S. spinifcr Walcott.

List of the Trilobita 1 13

Shumardia Billings. 1865. 10 sp., 1 var. Cambrian.
Genotype vS". granulosa Billings.

Skemmatopyge Rud. & E. Richter. 1 sp. Devonian.
Genotype 6^. tictzcri Richter.

SoLENOPLEURA Angelin, 1854. 34 s\)., 4 var. Cambrian.
Genotype S. holoinctopa. Angelin.

SoMATRiKOPON AI. Murtrie. 1819. Devonian.
Genotype 6". megalouiaton (Phacops rana).

The author's description, although suggesting a Phacops, is very ob-
scure, and without illustration of the genus. This early description of
a PJiacops can be adopted only by the same courtesy which was given
by many authors to Alurchison's Triniiclcus.

Sphaerexochus Beyrich, 1845. 23 sp. Ordovician, Silurian.
Genotype 6". mints Beyrich.

Sphaerocoryphe Angelin, 1854. 12 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype 6". dcntata Angelin.

Sphaerophalmus Angelin, 1854. 8 sp. 1 var. Cambrian, Ordovician,
Silurian.

Genotype S. flagcllifcr Angelin.

Staurocephalus Barrande, 1846. 6 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Trochurus spcciosus Beyrich.

Staurogmus Corda, 1847. See Sao.

Stephanocare Monke, 1903. 4 sp. Camrbian.
Genotype S. richthofcni. Monke.

Strenuella Matthew, 1887. 5 sp., 2 var. Fam. Conocoryphidae, Cambrian.
Genotype Agraiilos strcmius Billings.

Stygina Salter, 1853. 2 sp., Fam. Styniginidae Raymond. 1920. Ordovician.
Genotype Asaplius latifrons Portlock.

Symphysurus Goldfuss, 1843. 16 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype x4saplius palpebrosus Dalman.

Synhomalonotus Pompeckj, 1898. 7 sp., 1 var. Cambrian.
Genotype Calymene tristani Brongniart.

Synph-oria Clarke, 1890. 3 sp., 1 var. Devonian.
Genotype Dalmanitcs {Synphoria) stemmatus.

Teinistion Monke, 1903, 4 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype T. lansi Monke.

Telephus Barrande, 1852, 9 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype T. fractus Barrnade.

Terataspis Hall, 1863. 2 sp. Fam. Lichadidae. Devonian.
Genotype T. grandis.

114 San Diego Society of Natural History

Teratorhynchus Reed, 1904. Ordovician.

Genotype Retnopleuridcs {Teratorhynchus) bicornis Reed.

Tetracnemis Corda, 1847, = Sao.

Thaleops Conrad, 1843. 4 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype T. ovatu3 Conrad.

Thyphoproetus Freeh, 1913. 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype T. microdiscus.

Thysanopeltis Corda, 1847. 13 sp.
Genotype Brontcus thysanopsis.

Thysanopyge Kayser, 1898. Ordovician.
Genotype T. argcntina.

TiREsiAS McCoy, 1846. Cranidium only known. Reed, 1898, says it seems
to be allied to Ampyx.

ToERNQUiSTiA Reed, 1904. Ordovician, Llandeilo.

Genotype Cyphaspis {Tornquistia) nicholsoni Reed.

ToxoTis Wallerius, 1895. Cambrian.
Genotype T. pusilla Wallerius.

Trachylichas Giirich, 1901,^ Dicranopcltis.

Trachyostracus Lorenz, 1906. Contains a mixture of generic forms.

Tramoria Reed, 1899. Ordovician.

Genotype T. punctata. The author abandoned the genus and referred
the species to Apatokcphalus.

Trapelocera Corda, 1847. 3 sp. Silurian.
Genotype Acidaspis vesiculosa Beyrich.

Tretaspis McCoy, 1849. 3 sp. Ordovician.
Genotype Asaphus seticornis Hisinger.

Triarthrella Hall, 1863. Cambrian.
Genotype T. aur oralis Hall.

Triarthrus Green, 1832. 10 sp., 2 var. Ordovician.
Genotype T. beckii Green.

Trigonaspis Sanderberg, 1850,^ Proctus.

Trigonocephalus Zenker, 1833. = Conoccphalitcs, now also abandoned.

Trimerocephalus McCoy, 1849. Devonian.
Genotype Trinuclcus laevis Miinster.
Gortani, 1907, divides, the genus into two subgenera:

1. Trimerocephalus (Microphthalmus) Type T. cryptophthahnus,
7 sp.

2. Trimerocephalus (Eutrimerocephalus) Type T. laevis, 4 sp.

Trimerus Green, 1832. 4 sp. = Homalonotus.

Trinucleus Llwyd, Murchison, 1839. See Cryptolithus Green, 1832

List of the Trilobita 115

Trochurus Beyrich, 1845, = Stanrocephalus.

Trochurus Lindstrom, 1885, (3 sp. Silurian) and Cory doc ephalus are
confused.
Genotype T. pusillus Angelin.

Tropidocoryphe Novak, 1890. 7 sp. Devonian.
Genotype T. fiUcostata.

TsiNANiA Walcott, 1914. 3 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Iliac niirus caucus Walcott.

Tyloproetus Rud. & E. Richter, 1913. 2 sp. Devonian.
Genotype T. scJiindczvolfi.

Typhloniscus Salter, 1852. Devonian.
Genotype T. baiuii.

Uralichas Delgado, 1892. Silurian.

Genotype Liclias (Uralichas) ribciroi Delgado.

Vanuxemella Walcott, 1908. 2 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype V. coutracta Walcott.

VoGDESiA Raymond, 1910. 2 sp. Ordovician.

Genotype Isotchis bcarsi. The genus is closely related to Homotclus
and Brachyaspis.

Wanneria Walcott, 1910. 3 sp. Cambrian.

Genotype Olencllus (Holuiia) zvalcottanus Wanner.

Wessekia Raymond, 1916.

Genotype lUaenns katseri 'Barrande.

Weymouthia Raymond, 1913. Cambrian
Genotype Agnostusf nobilis Ford.

XiPHOGONiUM Corda, 1847. 5 sp. Devonian.
Genotype X. loreui Barrande.

Youngia Lindstrom, 1885. 4 sp. Silurian, Devonian.
Genotype Cheirurus trispiuosus Young.

Zacanthoides Walcott, 1888. 11 sp. Cambrian.
Genotype Olcnoides speciosus Walcott.

Zethus Pander, 1830.

Genotyve Zethus verrucosus.

Pander had a mere fragment and evidently intended to describe a
species of Cheirurus (Pseud osphaerexochus) as the type of his genus.
The name cannot be accepted for Cybclc or Cheirurus without creating
confusion, as Salter remarked in 1855.

Pander's collection. Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, was de-
stroyed by fire. Dr. Schmidt referred Pander's species to Cybclc bellatula,
Rev. 1, p. 203. In Rev. 6, 1907, he renamed it Cybele panderi and de-
scribed it as a new species.

PART III.

A SUMMARY OF THE ORDOVICIAN GENUS
CYBELE LOVEN

CHRONOLOGICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

Brongniart, Alexandre. Llistoire Naturelle des Crustaces Fossiles,
1822. p. 145.pl. IV. fig. 11.

The author does not name the cephalon figured, but remarks that it differs
from all the other described species. The figure was from a drawing by Mr.
Stokes of a specimen found in the Llandeilo group in England (Cybele
z'crntcosa) .

Dalman, J. W. K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., No. 4, 1826, p. 285.

The author uses the name Calymene verrucosa for a species of Cybele.

This work was also published as Om Palaederna eller de sa kail de Trilo-
biterna, Stockholm, 1826, with 6 plates; also a German translation by Fried.
Engelhart, Niirnberg, 1828.

Dalman describes Calymene hellatula, Palaeaderna, p. 43, pi. 1, fig. 4 a-d,
from Husbyfjol, Ostergotland.

Arsberatt Zool. Arbet., 1828, p. 134, foot-note.

The author describes Calymene verrucosa from a pygidium. Ferussac, Bull.
Sci. GcoL, Vol. 19, 1829, gives a note of this paper.

VON ScHLOTHEiM, Baron E. F. Nachtragc zur Petrefactenkunde, 1832,
Petrik. Ill, pp. 40 & 86, pi. 22, fig. 5.

Trilobifcs velatus (referred to Cybele verrucosa).

Esmarck. U. T. Om nogle nveArter af Trilobiter. — Mag. fur Natur-

vidensk, Ander Rakkes, Christiaiiia. Vol. 1, 1833, p. 269, pi. 7. fig. 10.

Describes and figures a new species of Cybele as Trilobites dentatus from a

pygidum which has four pairs of spined pleurae on the lateral lobes, and an

axis with fifteen rings, excluding the tip.

BoECK, C. Uebersicht der bisher in Norwegen gefundenen formen der
Trilobiten Familie, 1838.

The author gives (p. 139, No. 7), the following description of Trilobites
dentatus Esmarck: The semicylindrical glabella, which is rounded at the an-
terior part, has three lateral furrows, and the genal angles terminate in spines
like the pleurae of the thorax. Brogger referred this to Cybele bellatula.

EiCHWALD, Edouard VON. Schichtcnsystem von Estland, 1840.

The author reviews the generic name Cryptonymus, 1825, genotype Calymene
punctatus, and places certain species described under Encrinurus and Cybele
under Cryptonymus. He named two new spcies, Cryptonymus paraUelus, p.
72), (referred by Schmidt to Pandcria) and C. wortlii.

PORTLOCK, J. E. Geological Report on Londonderry, &c., 1843, p. 302.

Describes under the genus Ogygia a new species of Cybele from the Irish
Ordovician Schist of Tyrone at Desertcrest, Ogygia rugosa sp. nov. ; descrip-
tion drawn from the pygidium.

LovEN, S. Evensk Trilobiter.— K. Svensk Vet.-Akad., 1845, p. 110, pi.
1,2.

Describes his new genus Cybele and cites three species, Cybele bellatula
Dalman ; C. verrucosa Dalman ; C. velata Schlotheim.

118 San Diego Society of Natural History

McCoy, Frederick. Synopsis of the Silurian Fossils of Ireland, 1846, p.
47, pi. 4, fig. 12.

Calymene arenosa, referred to Cyhele by Bigsby.

BuRMEiSTER, H. Organization of Trilobites, English Edition, 1846, p.

119, No. 5.

The author referred to Esmarck's paper Om nogle] nye Arter af Trilobiter,
1833, pi. fig. 10. Tr. dentatus; a species with a large pfygdium with a many
jointed axis and three pairs of pleurae on the lateral lobes.

CoRDA, A. J. C. Prodrom einer Monographic der bomischen Trilobiten,

1847.

Describes and illustrates Cybele hellatiila Dalm., and Calymene verrucosa
Dalm., which he refers to his genus Atractopyge.

VoLBORTH, A. VON., Ucbcr einige Russischen Trilobiten. — Verhandl.

Russ. Min. Ges., 1847, p. 1.

The author revives Pander's old generic name Zethus and describes and
illustrates Zethus verrucosus Pander, referring to this species Cryptoymus
paralleiiis and Cybele bcllatula Loven, with Tril. vclatus Schloth. (Schmidt,
Rev. 6, referred it to Cybele panderi). He also described and figured Zethus
bellatulus Dalm., which is now referred to Cybele wort hi by Schmidt.

Angelin, N. p. Palaeontologia Scandinavica. — Part 1. Iconographia
Crustaceorum Formationis Transitionis. Fasc. 1, 1851, pp. 24, plates
21. Part 2. Palaeontologia Schandinavica, 1854, pp. 92, plates 42.

Revised edition by Lindstrom, 1878, pp. 96, plates 42, with additional plates
to replace Angelin's rejected ones.

The author revives Eichwald's older genus Cryptonymus, placing under it
species now classed under Encrinurus, Zethus and Cybele ; of the genus Cybele,
such species as Cryptonymus bellatulus Dalm., C. verrucosus Dalm., Cybele
dentata Esm. & C. brevicauda Ang.

Bronn, H. G. & RoEMER, F. Lethaea Geognostica oder Abbildung und
Beschreibung' der fiir die Gebirge Formationen Bezeichnendsten Ver-
steinerungen, Erster Band. 1851-1856, p. 654.
Zethus Pander, 1830; Cybele Loven, 1845.

Zethus verrucosus Pander; Cybele bellatula Loven.

EiCHWALD, Edouard VON. Uber die Gattungen Cryptonymus und Zethus

1855.

The author remarks, p. 7, on changing the limits of Cryptonymus, 1825 :

"Soon after my journey from Willna to St. Petersburg, I had the oppor-
tunity to renew my observations in the neighborhood of Zarskoje-Selo and
Pawlowsk, and shortly afterwards on several occasions in Estland.

"My collection of trilobites consisted not only of the species which I had
described, but also of many new forms. I referred the species, which had
hitherto been classed under Cryptonymus, 1825, to Illaenus, for this genus had
met universal acceptance, to the detriment of my Cryptonymus. In the year
1840 I gave to Cryptonymus a new signification and referred to it Calymene
punctatus Dalm. and C". variolaris Brongniart in part, and added two new
species, Cryptonymus wort hi and C. parallelus.

"In taking the well known Calymene punctatus Dalm. as the typical form
for the genus, we gave a short description, reserving the exact diagnosis for
the Palaeontology of Russia.

"It is possible for any person, who will decide impartially and generously
with regard to the new limitation of the genus Cryptunymus, to readily per-
ceive its characters from the type. Angelin, in his Monograph on the Swedish
Trilobites, not only recognized my genus, but gave the generic formula."

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 119

On page 22 Eichwald remarks :

"The following is the position wliich I previously held and still advocate :

"First : — To maintain Cryptonymiis as a genus for several Russian and
Swedish trilobites, according to AngeHn's diagnosis, which was derived from
my short, but distinct t/escription, given in my work on the Silurian System
of Estland.

"Second : — To acknowledge Zethus Pander only as a genus for Zethns
iDiipliccitus. This is the typical species given by the author, so we have no
authority to take this species, which differs from all other trilobites, and class
it under Zethus verrucosus which was doubtfully referred to this genus by
Pander, and, by this combination, estabHsli an independent genus.

"Third: — Zethus verrucosus Pander is probably Cryptoiiymus verrucosus
Angelin, not Crypt, parallclus Eichw. or Cybele bcllatula Loven. Z. bcllatula
Volborth is a synonym of Crypt, worthi and not of Cali'»icue punctata Dal-
man, or of variolaris Brongniart."

Volborth, A. von Uber die prioritatsrechte der Trilobiten-Gattung
Zethus Pander, gegen die Ci'\pfo}ivmits Eichwald. — Bull. Acad. Sci. de
St. Petersb., Tom. 12, No. 19, 1855, pp. 251-262.
Referred Eichwald's genus Cryptoiiymus to Zethus.

Hoffmann, E. Sammtiiche bis jetzt bekannte Trilobite Russlands. —

Verhandl. Rus.s. K. Min. Ges. Jahrgang, 1857-8, p. 31.

Under the genus Zethus the author describes Cybele bcllatula Dalman, C.
verrucosa Pander (referred by Schmidt to C. bcllatula) and Z. uuiplicatus
Pander (referred to another genus).

NiESZKOWSKi, J. Monograph of Baltic Trilbolites. — Archiv. fur die Xa-

turkunde Liv-Est. — und Kerlands, Bd. 1, 1857-59.

Gives a description of the genus Encrinurus, including E. sexcostatus Salter
(referred doubtfully by Schmidt to Cybele brevicauda) ; also a description of
the genus Zthus Pander, to which he referred Zethus bellantula Dalman
{Cybele bellautula) ; Z. res sp. nov., 400 pi. fig. 3; Z. atractopyge McCoy (re-
ferred b}' Schmidt to Cybele brevicauda Angelin?) ; Z. brevicauda Ang.

Eichwald, Edouard von. Lethaea Rossica, ou Paleontologie de la Rus-

sie, Vol. 1, 1860, p. 1414.

Cryptonymns bcllatula Dalman, p. 1414; C. ivorthi Eichw., p. 1416, pi. 54, fig.
17; C. parallclus Eichw., p. 1417, (referred by Schmidt to Cybele panderi).

Salter, J . W. &. Woodward, Henry. A Catalogue of the Cambrian and
Silurian Fossils Contained in the Geol. Mus. Univ. Cambridge, 1863,
p. 51.

Cybele verrucosa Dalm. (figured) ; C. rugosa Portl.

Salter, J. W. & Woodward, Henry. Chart of Fossil Crustacea with
Descriptive Catalogue, 1865.
An entire figure of Cybele verrucosa Dalm., p. 12, No. 48.

Kjerulf, Theodor. Veiviser, 1865.

Gives in his list of fossils, p. 6, Cybele dcntata Esm., which has been re-
ferred to Cybele bellatula.

Billings, E. Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada. Vol. 1, 1865.

On p. 292 the author describes, under Cybele mirus, the cephalon of an
Ampliion (Flio)iicra) , and the pygidium of a Cybele.

Salter, J. W. & W^oodward, Henry. The Geologv of North Wales.
Crustacea.— Mem. Geol. Sur., Vol. 3, 1866, p. 324, 'pi. 19, fig. 7,(head).
Cybele verrucosa.

120 San Diego Society of Natural History

BiGSBY, John J. Thesaurus Siluricus, 1868, p. 45.

Refers Calymene arenosa McCoy to the genue Cyhele.

LiNNARSSON, J. G. O. Vestergothlands Cambiska & Siluriska Aflagringar,
1869, p. 62.

Describes and illustrates two new species, Cybcle aspera and C. loveni, with
notes on C. verrucosa.

Etheridge, E. Geology of the Northern Lakes. — Mem. Geol. Sur. Eng-
land & Wales, 1876, p. 112.

Describes Cyhele ovata sp. nov. from the Skiddaw Slates.

The author gives no figure of this imperfect specimen, but remarks that it
differs essentially from Cybele rugosa and C. verrucosa, which species are not
known at present below the Caradoc rocks.

Postlethwaite in his paper on the Trilobites of the Skiddaw Slates, p. 465,
figures it for the first time, pi. 8, fig. 17, 19.

VoGDES, A. W. Monograph of the Genera Zethus, Cybele, &c., 1878.

Under Cryptonymiis the author describes and figures C. {Cyhele) rex
Nieszk; C. {Cyhele) bcllatulus Dalman; C. {Cyhele) atractopyge McCoy
{Cybele verrucosa), with figure; C. {Cyhele) h rcvi can da Angelin; C. {Cybele)
dentatiis Esmarck; C. (Cybele) worthi Eichwald ; C. {Atractopyge) minis
Billings.

Nicholson, H. A. & Etheridge, R. A Monograph of the Silurian Fos-
sils of the Girvan District in Ayrshire, Fasciculus 1, 1878, pp. 110-112.

Describes and figures Cybele verrucosa Dalman and C. rugosa Portlock (re-
ferred to Cybele loveni by Reed).

Schmidt, F. Rev. 1, Ostbaltischen Sikirischen Trilobiten, 1881, p. 197.

Describes and illustrates nine species of Cyhele, including five new species,
viz. :

Cyhele hellatnla Dalm., (afterwards, Rev. 6, referred in part to a new
species, Cybele pauderi, to which he refers Zethus Pander), p. 140, pi. 4, fig. 4;
pi. 5, fig. 5; Zethus verrucosa Volborth, 1847, p. 8, pi. 1, fig. 5-7; Cryptonymiis
parallelus Eichwald, Leth. Ross, p. 1417, and Cybele hellatnla Schmidt, Rev. 1,
p. 2-i, pi. 13, fig. 9-13, pi. 15, fig. 1, 3-5.

Cybele revaliensis sp. nov.; C. rex Nieszk; C. grewingki sp. nov.; C. coronata
sp. nov.; C. ivorthi Eichwald; C. ajfinis sp. nov.; C. kutorgae sp. nov.; C.
hrevicauda Angelin.

Clarke, J. M. Geology of Minnesota, Final Report, Vol. 3, 1884.

Description and text figures of the new species Cyhele winchelli from the
Galena limestone. Slocum refers this to his genus Cybeloides.

La ToucHE, T. D. Handbook of the Geology of Shropshire, 1884, p. 40,
p.l 3, fig.' 60.

Cyhele verrucosa figured entire. Llandeilo to Caradoc.

WiGAN, Georg. Ueber die Trilobiten der Silurischen Geschiebe in Meck-

lenberg, 1888, p. 28.

Cybele bellatula Dalman; C. cf. coronata Schmidt; C. grewingki Schmidt;
C. ivorthi Eichwald.

Reed, F. R. Cowper. Geol. Mag., Decade IV, Vol. 2, 1895, p. 49, pi. 7,

fig. 11.

Cybele tramorensis sp. nov., from a spatulate-fronted head from the Bala
beds at Waterford, Ireland.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 121

ToERNQUiST, Leon. Undersokningat ofver Siljansonadets Trilol)itfauna,
1896. — Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser. C, No. 66.

Describes and figures a new species, Cybele adornata ; regards the form of
glabella the same as in Cybele zvortlii and affiiiis, but separates thq species on
account of the width of its cheeks, the course of the facial suture, and the
arrangement of the tubercles.

Reed. F. R. Coweer. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 55, 1899, p. 752.

Describes Cybele sex-tuherculata sp. nov. ; C. mchenryl sp. nov. ; from Wa-
terford Count\', Ireland.

RuEDEMANN, RuDOLF. Trciiton Conglomerates of Rysedorph Hill. —

Bull, N. Y. State Mus., No. 49, 1901, p. 66.

Decribes a pygidium as Cybele sp. Ruedemann remarks that the specimen
differs in no essential particular from the pygidia figured b}^ McCoy as Zethtis
atractopyge, sexcostatKs and nicjosus. which are sjnonj'ms of Cybele varrucosa.

Lamansky, M. Die aeltesten Silurischen Schichten Russlands, Etage B,
1905, p. 69.

Notes C. bellatula Dalman, and C. bellatula genuina Schmidt.

Raymond, Percy E. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 3, 1905, p. 362. — Trilobites of

the Chazy Limestone.

Describes Glaphurus primus sp. nov. and Cybele valconrcnsis sp. nov. In
tha same volume, p. 601, he refers both species to Cybele prima.. Slocum re-
ferred the species to Cybeloides.

Narraway, J. E. & Raymond, Percy E. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 3, 1906,
p. 598.

Cybele ella sp. nov., an imperfect specimen from Black River limestone,
Ottawa, Canada. Slocum referred it to his genus Cybeloides.

Reed, F. R. Cowper. The Lower Palaeozoic Trilobites of the Girvan

District. Ayrshire. — Palaeont. Society, 1906, Part 3.

Describes and illustrates six species, Cybele bellatula Dalman ; C. loveni
girva)iensis var. nov.; Cybele cf. aspera Linrs. (referred to Cybele michelli
sp. nov. in the supplement to this publication); C. verrucosa Dalman?; also
two unidentified species, a & b. pi. 17, fig. 5 & 6.

Olin, E. Om de Chasmopskalk och Trinucleusskififern Motsvarande
Bildningarne i Skane, 1906.

Referred to one species, Cybele cf. grezviiigki Schmidt.

Schmidt, F. Rev. 6, Ostbaltischen Silurischen Trilobiten, 1907, p. 17.

Cyeble bellatula Dalman ; C. panderi sp. nov. ; C. revaliensis Schm. ; C. re.v
Nieszk; C. grezviiigki Schmidt; C. zvorthi Eichwald ; C. affiiiis Schmidt; C.
kutorgae Schmidt; C. brczncauda Angelin?

GuERiCH. Georg. Leitfossilien Kambrium und Silur, Vol. 1, 1908. p. ??>,
pi. 29, fig. 6.

Cybele bellatula after Schmidt's plates 13 & 15.

Slocum, Arthur Ware. New Trilobites from the Maquoketa Beds of
Favette Countv. Iowa. — Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Geol. Series, Vol. 4,
No. 3, 1Q13. Republished. Geol. Sur. Iowa, Vol. 25, 1914.

Describes and figures a new genus, Cybeloides, with C. iozveiisis sp. nov. for
genotype.

Refers five American species to this new genus, viz. :

Cybele ella X. & R. ; Glaphurus primus Raymond (Cybele valcourensis
Raym.) ; C. zxiinchelli Clarke; Cybele sp. Riidemann ; C. iowaensis sp. nov.

122 San Diego Society of Natural History

Reed, F. R. Cowper. The Lower Palaeozoic Trilobites of Girvan, Sup-
plement, 1914.

Under Cyhele the author describes and figures C. lovem qirvanensis Reed;
C. bellatiila halclatchiensis var. nov. ; C. michelli sp. nov. (for Cyhele sp. b,
Reed, Tril. Girvan Dist., p. 130) ; C. cf. aspera (Linrs.), Reed, p. 128, of
part 3.

Raymond, Percy E. A Contribution to the Description of the Fauna of
the Trenton Group. — Geol. Sur. Canada, Mus. Bull. No. 31, 1921.
Cyhele spicata sp. nov., from a cranidium.

GENERAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Order Proparia Beecher.

Family Encrinuridae.

Genus Cyhele l^o^^n, 1845.

Type Cyhele hellatula Dalman.

In general the head of forms belonging to this genus is semilunar in
outline, and distinguished by its highly elevated frontal margin, as in
Cyhele hellatula.

Glabella rather flat and rectangular when the sides are parallel, but
pear-shaped and convex when enlarged towards the front.

Lateral furrows of the glabella distinct, extending to the dorsal
grooves and outlining the side lobes when the glabella is flat, or consisting
of more or less deep pits or impressions.

Dorsal grooves shallow in those species in which the glabella is enlarged
towards the front, but in Cyhele ivorthi, etc., they continue until they dis-
appear among the larger tubercles, to such an extent as to give such species
the appearance of Encrinurus.

Occipital ring widest in the middle and strongly outlined by deep
furrows.

Eye lobes well advanced on the frontal margin in Cyhele hellatula and
C. coronata; opposite the center of the cheeks in C. worthi, C. hrevicauda,
C. grezvingki, C. loveni, C. aspera, C. adornata, C. winchelli, and C. prima;
far to the rear in C. affinis, C. revaliensis, and C. kutorgae; opposite the
first furrow of the glabella in Cyhele rex, C. tramorensis, C. mclienryi,
and C. verrucosa.

The following species have ocular ridges : Cyhele coronata, C. grezv-
ingki, C. tramorensis and C. mchenryi.

Ocular ridges extending from the bottom of the frontal lobe of the
glabella, in front of the first lateral furrow, to the eyes in most cases :
C. coronata, C. mchenryi, C. sextuherculata, C. tramorensis.

In Cyhele tramorensis there rises a low, well marked ridge, slightly
in front of the anterior, outer angle of the frontal lobe of the glabella,
which runs forward. and slightly outward to become a prominent, rounded
tubercle, which projects beyond the margin. This marginal tubercle cor-
responds to the side tubercle of Schmidt's classification, and is present in
most of the species of Cyhele, but wanting in C. coronata.

Close beneath the posterior outer slope of the ridge leading up to the
side tubercle is a deep, circular pit, the terminal pit of Schmidt's classifi-

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 123

cation. It lies at the anterior end of" the axial furrow and is very con-
spicuous in C. traniorcusis.

In Cybclc bcllatula the facial suture cuts the posterior margin inside
of the genal angle, running thence in a slightly curved line to the eyes and
over them at an acute angle to the anterior margin, thence at right angles
on both sides of the central tubercle or spine to the rostral shield. This
course is typical of the genera Encrinurus and Cromus.

The hypostoma is oval, with a serrated posterior margin, (see Vol-
borth's fig. 6, pi. 1, of Cybclc bcllatula.) The figure given by Schmidt,
pi. 13, fig. 9, of this species represents the anterior wings as larger and
obtusely excavated below, while the bordering rim is not very distinct.
There are two pairs of oblique, lengthened grooves, one above the other,
not continuing" to form a coherent groove across the median field of the
hypostoma, which is level between them, and without maculae. Nearer
the anterior border and close below the wings there is a small, suborbicular
dark spot. The surface of the hypostoma is granulated.

The fixed cheeks are usually twice as long as the glabella, with rounded
genal angles, (C ivdrthi, C. brcvicauda, etc.) or ending in short spines,
(C. bcllatula, C. rev, C. coronata, C. zvinchclli, etc.). The free cheeks from
quadrants of a circle, with unequal angles and hook shaped projections.

The thorax consists of twelve segments (thirteen in C. michelli) ;
pleurae arched, gradually decreasing in breadth, forming bourrelets, but
exhibiting on their front edge, up to the knee, a furrow which articulates
through the fulcral portion with the peura touching it directly in front ;
pleurae of the first five body segments ending bluntly, the other seven
ending in spines, the sixth segment being the longest and most noticeable
on account of the sword-like form which has given its name to C. bcllatula.

The fifth segment of C. grewingki and C. rcvaliensis has similar
characteristics.

The pygidium is generally triangular in form, having a conical, jointed
axis, with sixteen to eighteen axial joints, with only the first four or five
entire and bearing pleurae. Cybele michelli has four anterior rings with
ten to twelve incomplete ones. The pleurae conform to those of the thorax,
five in C. bcllatula, four or five in C. rugosa and C. winchclli, while all the
other species have four pleurae.

The ornamentation is generally a single row of tubercles on the center
of the pleurae, with a double row of lateral tubercles on the axis.

Geological range :

Ordovician.

Geographical range :

Northern Europe :— Sweden, Norway and Russia.

British Isles : — Scotland, Ireland, North Wales.

North America : — Canada, New York, Minnesota and Iowa.

124

Sax Diego Society of Natural History

DISTRIBUTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIES

The genus Cyhclc Loven is confined to the Ordovician, and has had
about thirty-nine species and varieties referred to ,it, of which five are
now referred to other genera and six to the new genus, Cybeloides, leav-
ing only twenty-eight species and varieties in the genus. Of these thirty-
nine species and varieties, only thirteen are known from whole specimens,
viz :

Cybele kutorgae ; C. hellatula; C. verrucosa; C. xvorthi; C. grezvingki;
C. loveni; C. ovata; C. loveni girvanensis ; C. michelli; C. adornafa (pygi-
dium unknown).

Cybeloides zvinchelli; C. iozvcnsis; C. ella.

There are sixteen Northern European species and varieties, viz :
Cybele bellofiila Dalm., Om Palaed., 1826, p. 228, B, 2b, B. 3a,
Llandeilo.

verrucosa Dalm., Om Palaed., 1826, p. 134, Bala, Lower
Llandeilo.

dentata Esmarck. Mag. Naturv., Vol. 1, p. 269, pi. 7, fig. 10,
Reg. D-E.

brevicauda Aug., Pal. Scand., 1854, p. 86, pi. 41, fig. 14, E. F.
1, Upper Ordovician.

aspera Linrs., Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., Vol. 6, No. 2, p. 62,
pi. 1, fig. 11-13, Beyrichian Kalk, Middle Ordovician.

loveni Linrs.. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., Vol. 8, 1869, p. 63, pi.
1, fig. 14, Chamopskalk, Middle Ordovician.

adornafa Tornquist. Sv. Geol. Under, ser. C. No. 66, p. 25,
pi. 1, fig. 20, 21, Chamopskalk, Middle Ordovician.

bellafula zvohrmanni Schmidt, Rev. 6, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1907,

p. 101. text fig. B. 3b.

worthi Eichwald, Sil. Syst. Estl., 1840, p. 70, C. la. C. lb.

Middle Ordovician.
ZetJius rex Nieszkowski, Monog. Baltic Tril., p. 614, pi. 1, fig. 3,

C. 2, C. 3.
Cybele affinis Schmidt, Rev. 1, Ostb. Sil. Tril.. 1881, p. 216. pi. 13,

fig. 18, 19, C. la.

revaliensis Schmidt, Rev. 1, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1881, p. 207, pi.

13, Eg. 20; pi. 14, fig. 6; pi. 16, fig. 6, 7; pi. 16. fig. 40. C. lb.
grezvingki Schmidt, Rev. 1. Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1881, p. 211, pi.

14, fig. 1, 2, C. D. 2.

coronata Schmidt, Rev. 1. Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1881. p. 213, pi.
13, fig. 24-27; pi. 14, fig. 5 ; pi. 15, fig. 10, C. 2.
kutorgae Schmidt. Rev. 1, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1881, p. 217, pi.

15, fig. 11-14; pi. 16, fig. 39a, b, fig. 12 ; text fig. C. 3. Dl. D2.
panderi Schmidt, Rev. 6, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1907, p. 19, B. 3a,
B. 3b, C. la.

The British Isles have thirteen species and varieties, viz :

Cybele arenosa McCoy, Sil. Foss. Ireland, 1846, p. 40, pi. 4, fig. 12,
Bala.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 125

" verrucosa Dalman. Bala & Lower Llandovery.

" rugosa (Portlock). Geol. Londonderry, p. 302, pi. 5, fit,^ 1

(as Ogygia), Lower Llandovery.
" lovcni girvanensis Reed. Tril. Girvan, p. 126, pi. 17. fig. 1-4,

Upper Bala.
" hcUatula Dalman, Llandeilo.
" mchcnryi Reed, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Vol. 55, p. 757, pi.

49, fig. 7. Bala. This may be the cephalon of C. rugosa.
" scxtuhcrculata Reed. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 55, p. 752,

pi. 49. fig. 8. Bala.
Zcthus atractopygc McCoy. Referred to Cyhclc verrucosa.
Cybele tramorensis Reed, Geol. Mag. Decade 4. Vol. 2. p. 48. pi. 7,

fig. 1. Bala.
" hcUatula balclafchicusis Reed. Suppl. Tril. Girvan. 1914. p.

41, pi. 7, fig. 7. Llandeilo.
" micJicUi Reed. Suppl. Tril. Girvan. 1914, p. 42. pi. 7, fig. 7,

Upper Ordovician.
" connemarica Reed. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Val. 65, 1909,

p. 146. pi. 6. fig. 6, 7. Lower Ordovician.
" ovata Etheridge. Mem. Geol. Sur. Lake Dist.. 1876. p. 112.

Skiddaw Slates. Lower Ordovician.

North America and Canada have seven species, viz :

Cyhclc clla Narraway & Raymond. Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 3,

1906, p. 596, Black River, Lower Ordovician.
Cyheloides iowensis Slocum. Field Mus., Geol. Ser., Vol. 4, No. 3,

1913, p. 63, pi. 16. fig. 1-4.

Cybele mira Billings. Pal. Foss. Canada. Vol. 1. 1865. p. 292. fig.

282 (pygdium only). Trenton.
" spicata Raymond. Geol. Sur. Canada. Mus. Bull. No. 31,

1921. p. 34, pi. 11. fig. 1. Cottingwood Limestone. Middle

Ordovician. ^

" prima Raymond. Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 2. p. 562. pi. 14,

fig. 7, 8, Chazy Group.
" ivinchclli Clarke. Geol. Minnesota. Vol. 3. 1888. p. 742, text

fig.. Galena Limestone.
" sp. Ruedemann. Bull. N. Y. State Mus., No. 49. 1901. p. 66,

Trenton.

Slocum referred all these species to his new genus Cyheloides.

The following six species are known only from fragments of the
head: Cybele affinis; C. coronata: C. mchenryi: C. sextuberculafa ; C.
arenosa; C. tramorensis.

The following nine species and varieties are knowm from the head and
tail only: Cybele brevicauda; C. rex: C. rcvaliensis : C. kutorgae ; C.
rugosa; C. aspcra; C. hcUatula balclatchicnsis : C. lovcni girvanetisis ;
C . prima.

The following three species are known from the pygidia only : C. mira;
C. dentata; C. connemarica.

126 San Diego Society of Natural History

Species with five pairs of pleurae in the pygidia: — Cybele bellatula;
C. riigosa; C. winchelli.

Species with four pairs of pleurae in the pygidia : — Cybele w'drthi;
C. verrucosa, etc.

The following species are of the type of Cybele bellatula with three
or more spines on the anterior margin of the cephalon : — Cybele bellatula;
C. rex; C. aspera; C. coronata; C. tramorensis ; C. prima; C. sextuber-
culata; C. winchelli; C. panderi; C. bellatula balclatchiensis ; C. michelli
C. spicata.

The following species are of the type of C. verrucosa Dalman, with
the anterior margin of the head ornamented with one or more rows of
tubercles : — Cybele verrucosa; C. w'drthi; C. adornata; C. affinis; C. prima;
C. ella; C. brevicanda; C. revaliensis ; C. kutorgae; C. dentata (Boeck) ;
C. mchenryi; C. lovcni; C. lovcni gin>anensis.

In the folowing species the pleurae of the sixth or seventh segment
is prolonged into a spine ; generally the four anterior segments end bluntly
and the posterior eight in long spines. The specific name Bellatula comes
from its sword-like pleural extension. As far as known, the species with
this characteristic are : — Cybele adornata; C. bellatula; C. brevicauda; C.
loveni; C. lovcni balclatchiensis; C. lovcni girvanensis ; C. ella; C. w'drthi;
Cybeloides iozvensis.

Dr. Schmidt adopted the following classification:

Group 1. With five pleurae in the pygidium and only one tubercle on
the frontal ridge in front of the glabella : — Cybele bellatula.

Group 2. With four pleurae in the pygidium and a greater number
of spines and tubercles on the frontal ridge in front of the glabella ; gla-
bella markedly broadened towards the front, with scattered tubercles : —
Cybele zv'drthi; C. affinis; C. kutorgae ; C. brevicauda.

Group 3. Glabella not widened in front, with three or four spines or
tubercles in front of the glabella i—Cy^^/^ revaliensis; C. rex; C. grezv-
ingki; C. coronata; C. aspera; C. verrucosa; C. dentata; C. loveni.

A classification based on the thoracic segments :

Group 1. Of the type of Cybele verrucosa.

Thorax with twelve segments of equal length ; galabella wide in front,
narrowing towards the base; pygidivmi rectangular; axis of twenty joints;
pleurae on the first four axial rings only.

Group 2. Of the type of Cybele bellatula.

Thorax of twelve segments, the pleurae distinguishing this group
from all others ; first four or five pleurae twice as wide as the others and
ending bluntly, the other eight or seven gently bent to the rear and ter-
minating in long, pointed spines ; glabella with three pairs of side furrows,
nearly cylindrical from the base to the first furrow, and clavate from this
point; pygidial axis with fifteen to eighteen joints, only the first five or six
entire, the rest being notches at the sides ; lateral lobes with five pairs of
pleurae.

Group 3. Glabellar furrows represented by pits.

Most of the Russian species of Cybele have sharply impressed gla-
bellar furrows with the exception of C. grewingki, C. kutorgae and C.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 127

rcralioisis, but this characteristic is well represented in the American

species and is considered of generic value for the genus Cybcloidcs by
Field.

DIAGNOSES OF SPECIES.

Cybele adornata Tornquist.
Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, Ser. C, No. 57, 1883, p. 25,, pi. 1, fig. 20, 21.

Head semilunar, more than twice as broad as long, with rounded
genal angles; glabella, at the neck furrow, occuying 1/5 to 1/6 of the
width of the head, having the lobed part nearly parallel-sided, then sud-
denly widening to form the front lobe; the three glamellar furrows short,
of equal length, and directed a little backward ; side lobes of equal size and
almost of equal form, the unlobed median portion between them occupying
more than half the breadth of the glabella; axial grooves deep, at some
distance from the anterior margin of the head, forming almost right angles
with the glabellar front border furrow, which is not evenly bent, but forms
a broken line composed of three straight parts, thus giving a hexagonal
shape to the front lobe of the glabella ; head border having a distinct mar-
ginal furrow which, above the eyes, bends itself from the border backward
and inward to join the angles between the axial furrow and the front
border of the glabella ; raised seam beyond the border furrow quite broad,
particularly where the faint sutures reach the corner of the head ; cheeks,
thus bordered by the axial furrows and the marginal furrows, exhibiting
almost the form of fish bladders ; cheeks sloping steeply inward towards
the axial grooves, but slowly outward ; eyes located near the glabella, some-
what nearer the occipital than the frontal furrow; surface of the glabella
covered with large and small tubercles, with probably five pointed knobs
located in front of it near the head furrow, which are distinguished from
the other tubercles of the head by their height compared with their circum-
ference, and by having their tops perforated ; other groups of nodes on
the thickened margin outside the facial sutures becoming smaller and dis-
appearing towards the genal angles.

Thoracic axis very convex, (in my specimen somewhat compressed
laterally, so that the proportion of its width to that of the pleurae cannot
be given) ; pleurae directed straight outward near the axis, while their ends
are bent backward ; pleurae of the sixth segment distinguished from the
others by their greater length and their continuous breadth, the amount by
which these pleurae exceed the others in length not having been noted ;
entire thorax exhibiting a shagreen, granulated surface without tubercles.

Pygidium unknown.

Length of head 14, width 34, greatest width of glabella 10, least width
6 mm.

Sweden, Kargade Fauna, Chamopskalk. (Middle Ordovician).

This species approaches C. ivorthi and C. off in is in the form of the
glabella, but it is distinguished from both by the width of the cheeks, the
course of the facial suture, and the arrangement of the tubercles. Behind
the eyes the facial sutures run straight to the outer margin of the head, and
parallel to the posterior margin ; in front of the eyes they diverge very little

128 San Diego Society of Natural History

until they reach the intramarginal furrow, then they again converge so as
to cut the anterior border on either side of the row of great tubercules in
front of the glabella.

Cybele affinis Schmidt.
Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci.. Ser. 7, Vol. 30, p. 216. pi. 13. fig. 18, 19.

This species is similar to C. zcorthi Eichwald, but the eyes are further
back, opposite the second lateral furrow of the glabella. The furrow of the
limb appears in front of the ridge of the limb on the upper side, so that it is
visible from above and not from below, as in other species of Cybele.

From Pawlowsk, probablv belonging to the Echinosphaerite Chalk.
B/3b. (Middle Ordovician.) '

Cybele arenosa (McCoy, 1846).

Calymene arenosa McCoy.
Synopsis Sil. Foss. Ireland, 1846, p. 47, pi. 4, fig. 12, cranidium.

Cybele arenosa Bigsby, Thesaurus Siluricus, 1868, p. 47.

Glabella with three pairs of lateral lobes, elongate, oval, convex, the
base much contracted and rounded, the dorsal furrows deep, tuberculated ;
cheeks very wide, gently convex, triangular, each cheek exceeding" the
length of the glabella by about one-half its width; eyes at the height of the
upper cephalon tubercle, rather less than their own diameter from the gla-
bella ; entire surface of the cranidium ornamented as if sanded, very min-
utely granulated, with larger, sharp, scattered tubercles of extremely ir-
regular size and distribution.

Cranidia small, length 4, (reaching 10), width 16 mm.

Ballygarvan Bridge, New Ross, County Wexford ; abundant in Slates
of Greenvile, Enniscorthy ; Ireland. Ordovician Bala (Upper Ordovician).

Cybele aspera Linnarsson.

Sv. Vetensk. Akad. Handlingar, Vol 8, No. 2, p. 62, pi. 1,

fig. 11-13, 1869.

Described from the head and tail.

Cf. Cybele aspera (Linnarsson) Reed. Tril. Girvan Dist., 1903, p. 128,
pi. 16, fig.'l2, 13.

Breadth of head 2^ times greatest length; surface with numerous
tubercles ; glabella elevated, clavate ; frontal lobe almost semicircular ; side
lobes small, sloping, separated by deep, oblong pits ; tubercles covering the
glabella varying in size, the largest arranged in two parallel rows near its
middle ; glabella bordered at the front by broad, shallow grooves, armed
with a row of five spines with a lateral tubercle on each side ; dorsal
grooves broad, diverging, slightly bent, with the convex side inward, hav-
ing a deep, rounded pit on each side at their anterior part ; occipital groove
shallow, near the dorsal grooves, having a deep depression on each side.

Cheeks convex, armed posteriorly with a row of spines or teeth, in-
wardly bordered by a deep and broad furrow ; genal angles rounded ofif ;
eyes located nearly opposite the frontal lobe of the glabella, the stalks only

Ordovician Gf-nus Cyuele Loven 129

visible in the smaller specimens; free cheeks havins^ a broad border orna-
mented with tubercles.

Thorax imperfectly known, the segments not ornamented by rows of
tubercles, the eighth pleura enlarged at the fulcrum point.

Pygidium rectangular; axis with eighteen axial joints with four rows
of nodes, the first seven joints only extending entirely across, the others
notched at the sides ; pleurae four, running almost parallel with the axis ;
ends free.

Beyrichiakalk, Mosseberg, Ponstorp, Sweden.

Reed, (Trilobites of the Girvan District) remarks that the glabella
has three pairs of deep lateral pits which are not containued into the dorsal
furrows, and these incompletely mark off three i)airs of lobes as in C.
aspcra, whereas, in C. z'crnicosa there are true furrows.

Balclatchie Group, (Llandeilo) Ardmillan, Dow Hill, (Middle Ordo-
vician).

Reed finally referred the English species from the Girvan District to
Cyhclc niichcUl sp. nov. in his Supplement to the Trilobites of the Girvan
District.

Cybele bellatula (Dalman, 1826).

Calymenc? bellatula Dalman, 1826, Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl.. p.

228. pi. 1. fig. 4a-d.

" Dalman, Om Palaead., p. 328, pi. 1, fig. 4a-d.
1828.

Zethiis verrucosus Pander, 1930, Beitrage Geol. Russ., p. 140, pi. 5,

fig. 6; pi. 40, fig. 4, equals Cybele panderi Schmidt.
Calymcne bellatula Hisinger, 1837, Leth. Cuec, p. 11, pi. 1, fig. 5a, b.

Crvptonyinus paraUelus Eichwald, 1840, Sil. Schicht. Svst. Estl.
p. 93.

Cybele bellatula Loven, 1845, Ofvers. k. Sv. Vet. Akad. Forhandl,
p. Ill, pi. 2. fig. 3.

Corda, 1847, Prodrom., p. 90, pi. 5, fig. 33.

Zethus verrucosus Volborth, 1848, Verhandl. Russ. Min. Ges., 1847,
p. 8, pi. 1, fig. 5-7.

" bellatula Barrande, 1852, Syst. Sil. Bohem., Vol 1.

Cr\'pton\mus bellatula Angelin, 1852, Palaeont. Scand., p. 3, pi. 4,
fig. 1-3; also p. 89.

Zethus verrucosus Hoffmann, 1858, Verhandl. Russ. Min. Ges., p.
32, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Cryptonymus bellatula Eichwald. 1860, Leth. Ross., p. 1414.

paraUelus Eichwald, 1860, Leth. Ross., p. 1417.

Cybele dentata Kjerulf, 1865, Veiviser, etc., p. 6, (not Tril. dentatus
Esmarck.)

Cryptonymus (Cybele) bellatula Vogdes, 1878, Monog. Genera
Zethus, etc., p. 31, pi. 2. fig. 1, (copy of Angelin's figure.)

Cvbele bellatula Schmidt, Rev. Ostb. Sil. Tril.. pt. 1. p. 203. pi. 13,
fig. 9-13; pi. 15, fig. 1-5.

130

San Diego Society of Natural History

Cyhelc bellatula Brogger, 1882, Die Sil., Etag. 2 and 3, p. 136, pi. 6,
fig. 2a, b.

" Roemer, 1885, Lethaea Erratica, p. 52, pi. 3, fig. 9.

Wigan. 1888, Zeitschr. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., p. 88,
pi. 10; fig. 15.

Lindstrom, 1901, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl.,
No. 34. p. 52, pi. 4, fig. 2.

Reed. 1906, Tril. Girvan Dist., p. 123, pi. 16, fig.
14-17.

" zvolirmanni Schmidt, 1907, Rev. 6, Ostb. Sil. Tril.,
p. 101, text fig. 11, 11a.

" Giirich, 1908, Leitfossilien Kambrium und Silur, p.
- 73, pi. 27, fig. 5, 5a.

" balclafcliicnsis Reed, 1914, Lower Pal. Tril. Girvn,
Suppl., p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 6.

Head semilunar, twice as wide as long, with obtuse genal angles and
a wide, thick marginal border ornamented with large tubercles ; frontal
margin armed with three short spines.

Glabella with three side furrows, nearly cylindrical from its base to
the first furrow, and from this point the clavate surface covered with large
tubercles ; cheeks convex, separated from the glabella by deep and wide
dorsal grooves ; free cheeks bent gently downward ; facial suture commenc-
ing on the outer margin of the head above the genal angles, running over
the eyes, which are located well to the front on elevated pedicles, and there
converging at the front of the glabella to the outer margin at a right angle
ro the rostral shield ; occipital ring very convex, marked in the center by
a tubercle (Volborth's figure shows a row of tubercles).

Thorax with twelve segments (plevre a bourrelet) ; pleurae distin-
guishing this genus from all others, the first five being twice the width of
the other seven, and gently bending to the rear, terminating in rounded
ends ; the sixth pleura wide, bending to the rear until it reaches the fulcrum
point, then enlarging and bending suddenly at a right angle to the rear and
running parallel with the axis, until it ends in a long, pointed spine; the
other pleurae conforming to this one and gradually diminishing in size.

Pygidium with five pleurae ; axis ending in a point and having fifteen
to eighteen axial joints, the first five or six entire, the others notched at
their sides ; first four pleurae running almost parallel to the axis, the last
pair united at their extremities, and joined beyond the termination of the
axis ; pleurae ornamented by a central row of tubercles ; hypostoma oval,
with two side wings ; anterior wings large and obtusely excavated bettxw,
the border rim not distinct ; two pairs of oblique, lengthened grooves in the
center, one above the other ; surface granulated ; a small, rounded, dark
spot near the anterior border, close below the wings.

Ostergotland, Husbyfjol, Sweden; Wesenburg, Russia. B/2a, B/3a.
(Middle Ordovician).

The species is rare in Sweden but common in Russia.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 131

Cybele bellatula wohrmanni var. nov.

Schmidt. Rev. 6. Ostb. Sil. Tril.. 1907. p. 101. fig. 11. 11a. Aljanderung bei
Archangelskje am Wolchow. B/2b. (Middle Ordovician).

Cybele brevicauda Angelin, 1854, Palaeont. Scand., p. 89, pi. 41,
fig. 14.

Zethus brevicauda Nieszkowski, Monog. Trilobit., p. 617.

Zethiis bellatula Nieszkowski. Monog. Trilob., p. 613, (ex parte).

Zethus atractopyge Nieszkowski, Mong. Trilob., p. 616.

Encrinurus sc.vcostatus Nieszkowski, Monog. Trilob., p. 610, (not
Salter).

Cybele brevicauda Schmidt, 1881. Mem. Acad. Imp.. Ser 7. Vol.
30, p. 219, pi. 11, fig. 23; pi. 14. fig. 7-10; pi. 15. fig. 15-17.

Cryptonymus {Cybele) brevicauda Yogdes, 1878, Monog. of Genera
Zethus, Cybele, p. 33.

Head semilunar, strongly convex, twice as broad as long, with deep
dorsal grooves ; glabela pear shaped, longer than wide ; frontal lobe strongly
arched, occupying more than one-half the entire length of the glabella;
surface of the glabella covered closely with large and small tubercles, six
or seven of which, at its anterior margin, form a circle which is separated
from the rest of the glabella by a faint furrow ; a larger tubercle on each
side of this circle, and not separated from it by any space, which corre-
sponds to the side tubercle in other species ; lateral glabellar furrows in-
distinctl}' indicated and disappearing among the larger tubercles ; neck ring
well developed and raised over the back of the glabella.

First five segments of the thorax ending in blunt points, the sixth
with a long extension bending to the rear.

Pygidium broadly oval, as long as broad, the axis, with sixteen joints,
ending in a triangular point which is enclosed by the inner pleural ends ;
pleaurae four, ending in short, blunt ends ; the axis with some small tubercles
in pairs in the obliterated central portion.

Description drawn from heads and pygidia from Neuenhof, near
Hapsal, Russia. The original description of the species was made by
Angelin from a pygidium from Reg. D-E. Dalecarlia, in which he repre-
sents a tail with sixteen axial joints, the first three extending across it. and
four pairs of pleurae of equal length.

Nieszkowski remarks (p. 617, Mong. of Trilob.) that, in the Silurian
. of Scandinavia and in Esthonia. only the tails of this species have been
found; that only the first four axial joints are entire, these having long
pleurae bending backward as in the other species of the genus Zethus:
that the other joints are narrow rings and grow together, forming an ob-
tuse conical end ; that on the axis there are two rows of very faintly de-
fined tubercles, with no tubercles on the pleurae.

Schmidt classes this species in his second group, which has four
pleurae in the tail, with five spines at the frontal margin of the head, in
front of the glabella.

Sweden. Esthonia, E. F/1. Bala; Upper Ordovician.

132 San Diego Society of Natural History

Cybele connemarica Reed, 1909.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., Vol. 65, 1909, p. 146, pi. 6, fig. 6, 7.

Pygidium subpentagonal, as wide as long, gently convex ; lateral lobe
bent down slightly in front and steeply behind ; axis conical, tapering
rather rapidly at about thirty degrees, obtusely pointed, annulated through-
out, more than a third of the width of the pygidium at the anterior end
and extending three-fourths of its length, composed of twelve or thirteen
complete rings separated by strong, equal furrows, with traces of lateral
nodules on the rings ; dorsal furrows well marked ; a narrow, elongate,
post-axial piece extending from the tip of the axis to the posterior margin
of the pygidium.

Lateral lobes with nine or ten pairs of pleurae, of which the first three
are subequal in size and the rest successively decreasing in size and strength,
the ninth being very slender and short and lying close against the last
three or four rings of the axis, but not extending behind its tip; faint
traces of a smaller, linear tenth rib are occasionally visible.

The first pleurae bending back strongly at about a third of their
length, thus arching backward almost parallel to the axis and reaching as
far as the tip ; the following pleurae less strongly curved and becoming
successively straighter and subparallel to the axis, finally curving slightly
inward posteriorly ; the last five pairs of pleurae ending in free, obtuse,
short points on the margin and separated by strong interpleural furrows,
finally curving inward to meet in the middle line behind the post-axial
piece ; the other four or five pleurae enclosed and not reaching the margin,
but ending weakly against the sides of the post-axial piece; a narrow, an-
terior band occasionally visible on the anterior edge of the first three
pleurae, but usually they appear to be simple and unfurrowed.

Surface of pygidium granulated, with a few irregularly disposed tu-
bercles on the pleurae ; length 8 mm., width 8 mm.

Tourmakeady District, Gortbunacullin, &c., Arenig. (Lower Ordovi-
cian).

The species seems to be allied to Cybclc hcUatula, but the complete
condition of the axis rings and their much smaller number, as well as the
different characters of the pleurae of the axial lobes, mark it off.

Cybele coronata Schmidt, 1881.

Rev. Ostb. Sil. Tril., Phacopiden, Cheiruriden, vmd Encrinuriden, 1881,
p. 213, pi. 13, fig. 24, 27; pi. 14. fig. 5; pi. 15, fig. 10.

Cybele coronata Wigan, 1888. Zeitschr. d. Duetsch. Geol. Ges., 1888,
p. 89, pi. 10, fig. 16.

Dorsal grooves very flat, glabella drawn forward in a decided arch,
so that the length of the frontal lobe takes up more than half the length
of the whole glabella ; side furrows of the glabella strongly indented, but
not extended to the dorsal grooves ; five long spines in front of the gla-
bella extending for ten millimeters and forming a crown which occupies
the whole frontal margin ; the isolated side tubercles, prominent in other
species, wholly wanting, but the groove usually lying behind them, at the
end of the dorsal groove, is present, but rather shallow, and lying at a lower

Ordovician Gf.nus Cybele Loven 133

level than the rest of the furrow; ocular ridge stron<,dy developed, jutting
out horizontally and running parallel with the posterior margin on both
sides, with a number of depressed points alongside the bottom of the ridge;
eyes located the width of the glabella from the dorsal groove and on a
level with the first lateral gabellar furrow ; cheeks similar to those of Cybclc
rex, less than twice as wide as the glabella, and but slightly raised towards
the eyes ; descending sharply towards the outer edge ; surface of the cheeks
with scattered tubercles, and covered with finely indented im]:)ressions. but
still without the rough surfacq of Cybclc rex; free cheeks with a well de-
veloped limb, marked by prominent tubercles, and very closely resembling
those of Cybclc rex.

Pygidium. like that of C. rex, broad oval, rather flat, as long as broad,
the axis with sixteen or seventeen joints, of which onlv the anterior four
extend across ; triangular tip of the axis bent downward and split at the
end; ends of the pleurae free, elongated, pointed and somewhat diverging;
a few tubercles on the center of the axis and on the pleurae.

Estland. C/2. (Llandeilo) Middle Ordovician.

This species is found, though not entire, together with Cybele rex,
to which it is related, though with distinct differences.

Cybele dentata (Esmarck, 1833).

Om nogle nve Arter af Tril. — Mag. for Naturvidensk. ander Rakkes,
Christiania. Vol. 1, 1833, p. 269, pi. 7, fig. 10. as Trilobifes dentatus.

The author illustrates a pygidium with seventeen or more entire axial
rings and four pairs of pleurae terminating in spines.

Trilobites dentatus Boeck. Uebersicht der bischer in Norwegen
gefundenen formen der Trilobiten Familie, 1838, p. 139, No. 8; also T.
pUcatns. p. 140. No. 12.

The author gives a description of the cephalon in which the semi-
circular glabella, which is rounded in front, has three pairs of lateral fur-
rows, and genal angles terminating in elongated spines.

Cybele dentata Kjerulf . 1865. Veiviser, p. 6.

Brogger, Die Sil. Etage 2 and 3, p. 136, referred this to Cybele
bellatula.

Cybele dentata Angelin, Palaeont. Scand., 1854. p. 89. pi. 41, fig. 12.

The author's description is very brief.

Pygidium smooth ; axis marked with about seventeen rings, obliterated
in the middle.

Reg. D-E, Norway, Christiania. (Upper Ordovician.)

The figure shows four pairs of pleurae not extended beyond the tip

of the axis : the first four axial rings are entire and bear pleurae, the others

being notched at the sides of the axis.

Cryptonymns (Cybele) dentatus Vogdes, 1877, Monog. Genera
Zethus, Cybele, etc., p. 33.

Trilobites dentatus Burmeister, H. Organ. Tril.. English Ed. 1846,
p. 119, No. 5.

The author refers to Esmarck's. and also to Boeck's description of
this species. He refers T. dentatus (Boeck) to Phacops, of the division

134 San Diego Society of Natural History

B/d, and approximates it to Phacops arachnoides, remarking : "From
these statements there appears now to he scarcely a doubt that it helongs to
Dr. Loven's new genus Cyhele."

Cybele ella Narraway & Raymond.
Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 3, p. 598, fig.

Described from an imperfect specimen from Black River Limestone,
Ottawa. Canada.

Head short, very wide ; glabella narrow, convex ; cheeks depressed,
convex, lower than the glabella; length of head 4, width 12 mm.; glabella
narrow, expanding towards the front, with three furrows represented by
three pairs of pits, the second and third pits on each side united into a
long depression parallel with the axis ; behind the third pair a pair of rather
deep pits in line with the neck furrow ; leading diagonally forward and
outward from the pits are narrow depressions which bound the rear ends
of the side lobes of the glabella: surface with five pairs of tubercles; genal
angles with short spines.

Thorax with twelve segments, the sixth a little wider and more prom-
inent than the others, (the specimen does not show the ends of the pleurae).

Pygidium very small, about as wide as long ; pleurae four pairs of
double ribs; axial joints sixteen, notched at the sides and with a double
row of tubercles.

Length 14, width 12 mm.

The authors compare the species with C. prima from the Chazy.

Cybele sp. Ruedemann, 1901.
Bull. 49, N. Y. State AIus.. 1901, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 12.

Cvbclc prima (Ravmond), as Glaphurus primus, Ann. Carnegie Mus.,
Vol. 2 p. 362, pi. 14, fig. 7, 8.

Cybele vale our ensis Raymond, Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 2, p. 362,
pi. 14, fig. 9.

Described from the head and detached free cheeks, Chazv, Valcour,

N. Y.

Head short, broad, with a wide glabella which is moderately convex ;
glabellar furrows short and turned backward ; second pair running into
the third pair and the third pair joining the neck furrow; surface tuber-
culated ; fixed cheeks very convex ; free cheeks pitted all over except below,
and a little in front of the eyes, where there is a group of small tubercles.

Pvgidium described as C. vale our ensis, from five miles south of Platts-
burgh,'N. Y.

Pygidium narrow, tapering to a point; axis narrow, but not extended
to the posterior end, with the first joint entire and fourteen to eighteen
joints notched at the sides ; pleurae five pairs of double ribs which turn
back nearly parallel with the axis, each rib consisting of a smaller anterior,
and a larger posterior portion, and ending in short, rounded spines, which
extend a short distance behind the border ; axis with five pairs of nodes.

Canada, Black River Group, Ontario near Ottawa. Lower Ordovician.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 135

An imperfect tail was described by Ruedemann, Bull. N. Y. State
Mus., No. 49. p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 12, from a pebble of Rysedorph Hill, which
seems to belong to this species.

In this species all the pits of the glabella are connected, but inCybclc
clla only the second and third pits are connected, though it is probable that
both belong to the same species.

Slocum refers these species to Cybeloides.

Cybele grewingki Schmidt, 1881.

Rev. Ostb. Sil. Tril., Phacopiden, Cheiruriden & Encrinuriden, 1881,
p. 211, pi. 14. fig. 1, 2; fig. 11, in text.

Cxbclc grciciiK/ki Wigan, 1888, Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., 1888,
p. 89, pi. 10, fig. 17.

Cxbcle grewingki Olin, Om de Chasmopskalken & TrinucleusskifTern,
p. 49. '1906.

Cybele grewingki is much larger than C. rex, the glabella is the same
in outline, but more convex, and it has five 1)lunt tuljercles in front of the
glabella, whereas C. rex usually exhibits spines. The cheeks are similar
to those of C . rex, but the eyes are moved back to a level with the second
glabellar furrow. In the thorax the fifth segment is strongly developed
instead of the sixth as is usual in the genus Cybele.

The pygidium is more elongated tlian in C. rex. It is pear-shaped,
much contracted at the end, about one and one-sixth times as long as
broad. The axis has eighteen joints, the front four being entire, the rest
notched at the sides. The pointed triangular end of the axis is pushed
between the inner pleural ends which barely touch one another.

The four pleurae terminate in blunt pointed ends, are flatly arched and
show indistinct rows of tubercles on the surface as in C. revaliensis.

Length of the head 27, breadth 70 mm. ; length of pygidium 24,
breadth 20 mm.

St. Mathias.

Russian species, C/2, D/1, D/2. St. Petersburg & Estland. (Middle
Ordovician, Llandeilo, Utica.)

Cybele kutorgae Schmidt, 1881.

Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci.. Ser. 7, Vol. 30, p. 217, pi. 15. fig.11-14;

pi. 16, fig. 39a, b.

Cybele kutorgae Wigan, 1888, Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., 1888,
p. 89, pi. 10. fig. 17.

Cybele kutorgae Olin, 1906. Lunds Geol. Haltulb. Ser. B, No. 4. p. 49.

Head broad and short, rounded broadly in front, about 2^2 times as
broad as long; dorsal grooves deep, plainly separate in front, and showing
the end grooves distinctly; glabella trapezoidal, arched slightly, convex in
front ; frontal lobe less than half as long as whole glabella, its front breadth
being from one and a quarter to one and a fifth that of the base of the
glabella.

136 San Diego Society of Natural History

The first four segments of the thorax with rounded terminations to
the pleurae, the sixth pleurae terminating in extended spines, the other
pleurae diminishing in size so that the width of the axis of the twelfth
segment is less than half that of the first segment.

Pygidium broadly uniform, blunt, approaching that of C. 2vdrtJii;
axis with sixteen joints, of which only the first four extend across it, and
with four tubercles in pairs in the central portion ; termination of the axis
a short, triangular point, which is overtopped by the pleural ends of the
fourth pair.

Reval, M61okowizy, etc., Russia. C/2, D/1, D/2. (Llandeilo). (Mid-
dle Ordovician.)

The species is similar to Cyhele tvorthi, and belongs to the same group,
but it is more nearly allied to Cyhele hrevicanda Aug., and is possibly its
immediate predecessor.

Cybele mchenryi Reed, 1899.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 55, p. 7S7, pi. 49, fig. 7.

Head semilunar, twice as broad as long, genal angles rounded ; gla-
bella cylindrical, nearly parallel sided, slightly convex anteriorly and ob-
tusely pointed, with three pairs of slightly oblique lateral furrows ; frontal
lobe large, obtusely pointed in front ; occopital ring marked off by a strong-
neck furrow, widest in the center ; fixed cheeks wide, convex, with genal
angles rounded ; eyes located about one-third of the width of the glabella
from the dorsal furrows and opposite the second glabellar furrow ; ocular
ridge running from the first glabellar furrow to the eye ; posterior branches
of the facial suture running almost to the posterior margin of the head ;
anterior branches curving inward and forward to the anterior margin of the
head ; ornamentation consisting of scattered tubercles of various sizes, but
none very small.

Length of the head 7, width 14 mm ; length of the glabella 5, width
4 mm.

Described from the head only, taken near Newton Head, County
Waterford, Ireland.

C. verrucosa has a diflferent glabella, as also C. ivdrthi, but this species
may prove to be the same as C. ritgosa.

Cybele loveni Linnarson.
Kongl. Sv. Vetensk. Handl., Bd. 8, No. 2, p. 63, pi. 1, fig. 14.

Described from an entire specimen.

Head about three times as broad as long; genal angles spined. ex-
tending beyond the third segment; marginal border prominent; glabella
flattened, its sides parallel, pentagon shaped ; furrows three, the rear two
deep, almost rounded depressions, not extending to the dorsal grooves ;
front furrows oval, directed obliquely to the front; glabella ornamented
with tubercles ; occipital ring higher than the glabella, separated by a
shallow furrow which has a deep cut in its outer ends, elevated in the
center where there is a large node flanked on each side by several smaller
tubercles ; dorsal grooves of medium depth where the side furrows of the

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 137

glabella end towards the front, with a depression in front of this, and
passing- into furrows which surround the anterior end of the cheeks; fixed
cheeks slightly convex, tuberculated ; genal angles i)rolonged into s])ines
which extend to the third and fourth thoracic segment ; eyes very close to
the glabella, twice as near the posterior border as the anterior edge, with
a ridge running obliquely from the dorsal grooves backward to the base of
the eye stalks ; anterior branches of the facial suture bordering the glal)ella,
forming almost a right angle at the eyes, and extending to the rear with a
slight bend to the outer edge of the head which they cut immediately above
the base of the genal angles ; limb broad and prominent where it borders
the sides and posterior margins, but narrow in front of the glabella; three
tubercles showing in the illustration on each side of the dorsal grooves.

Thorax with twelve segments, occupying two-fifths of the whole
length; axis convex, sides parallel in front for about half its length, then
narrowing" suddenly to a point on the pygidium ; pleurae a borrelet, the
greater part of each pleura consisting of an elevated moulding with a
smaller border edge in front, which is separated from it by a groove, and
a narrower groove behind it ; the four anterior pleurae directed almost
straight outward, free ends short and bent backward on the third and
fourth segments ; sixth pleurae very much longer than the others, their
points more bent : first five thoracic segments with a row of tubercles on
the axis and one or more on the inner part of the moulding of the pleurae ;
the other segments smooth.

Pygidium one-third the length of the body, elongated, narrowing to-
wards the rear; axis with eighteen joints notched at the sides; axis of the
tail flattened ; pleurae four pairs, each divided into two parts by a groove
that is ornamented by a row of pits ; the two anterior pleurae with free
ends, the last pair united in a caudal mucro with three terminal points.

This species occurs in Trinucleus Schist on Fardalaberget Sheep Mt.
Valley at Hogstenaberget, etc., West Gotland. (Upper Ordovician.)

The author compares this species with C. rugosa, of which only the
tail is known, and that imperfectly. The latter has about twenty-eight
axial joints and the tail ends in four or five points.

Cybele loveni girvanensis Reed, 1906.
Tril. Girvan Dist., Palaeont. Soc, 1906, p. 126, pi. 17, fig. 1-4.

Cybele rugosa Armstrong & Young, 1876, Cat. West Scot. Foss., p. 16.

Cybcic rugosa Nicholson & Etheridge, 1878, ]\Ion. Sil. Foss. Girvan,
fasc. 1, p. 112,Vl. 14, fig. 13; pi. 8, fig. 5-7.

Cybele rugosa ? 1899, Mem. Geol. Sur. Sil. Rocks Brit.,

Vol. 1, Scotland, pp. 672, 688.

There are a few minor points in which the Girvan specimens diilfer
from the Swedish Cybele loveni and they are sufficient to indicate a definite
variety. The characters of the head shield agree exactly with those of C.
loveni except in the presence of a small projecting knob in front of the
glabella. The glabella does not increase in width anteriorly, but is parallel-
sided, the fused lateral lobes of the glabella forming a rather narrower
zone on each side. The thorax agrees in all respects with that of C loveni.
The prolongation of the sixth pair of pleurae into long, free curved spines

138 San Diego Society of JNatural History

extending some distance behind the tip of the pygidium is exhibited in
many of the Girvan specimens.

The pygidium is narrower and the axis is rather longer, being three-
fourths the length of the pygidium. It is regularly conical and tapers more
slowly, the sides converging posteriorly at an angle of about twenty degrees.
There are twenty-two to twenty-eight rings on the axis, interrupted along
the middle line for the whole length, and it is generally devoid of tubercles ;
in this it dififers from C. lovcni.

The lateral lobes are elongate and narrow, consisting of four pairs of
pleurae. The first pleura is divided by a median groove into two equally
strong, tuberculated ridges arising opposite the first three or four axial
rings, and arching, at first slightly outward, then bending backward and
slightly inward. The second pleura is smaller and lies almost parallel with
the axis. It consists of a narrow anterior ridge and a slightly larger pos-
terior tuberculated one. The third pleura is still smaller and hes almost
parallel with the axis, only the posterior ridge being well developed, the
anterior one being very narrow and not extending to the base of the pleurae.
The fourth pleura is a very narrow, slightly tuberculated ridge lying closely
pressed against the axis. The ends of the pleurae are gathered closely to-
gether behind the axis and then spread out in a fan-shaped manner to form
the tip of the tail.

Brunmuck Group (Upper Bala), Thrawe, etc. (Upper Ordovician.)

Cybele bellatula balclatchiensis Reed, 1914.
Suppl., Tril. of Girvan, 1914, p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 6.

Sixth or seventh thorax segments having its pleurae much stouter,
broader and longer than the preceding ones in this variety, and produced
backward as long, curved spines as far as, or further than the tip of the
pygidium, as in C. lovcni girvancnsis : the pleurae of the segments behind
the sixth likewise elongated into spines which decrease successively in
length. (Brogger, Die Silur. Et. 2 and 3, p. 136, pi. 6, fig. 2, has shown
this feature to exist in C. lovcni. In the American C. zvinchclli, which
Slocum refers to a new genus Cybcloidcs, only the sixth pleurae are elon-
gated and enlarged.) Other thoracic pleurae with a strong, rounded
median ridge having a narrow, depressed band on the edge, as in Cybclc
bellatula.

Pygidium triangular, with a narrow ridge and a pointed, conical post-
axillary piece extending from its tip to the margin, and with the same
spinose posterior pleurae ; axis with seventeen or eighteen narrow, in-
complete rings, the median one-third smooth, with a pair of small tubercles
located on each ring where it abuts on this smooth zone ; lateral lobes with
four pairs of pleurae, the two posterior ones rendered indistinct by a cur-
ious subreticulate ornamentation covering the surface, consisting of circu-
lar, elongated or irregularly fused pits ; pleurae duplicated, being composed
of two unequally developed ridges, the posterior stronger, and all ending
in free, slightly recurved points on the margin, successively reaching
further back along the sides of the pygidium.

The ornamentation of the lateral lobes of the pygidium sufificiently
distinguish the variety from C. bellatula.

Balclatchie Group, Llandeilo (Middle Ordovican).

Ordovician Genus Cybelk Loven 139

Cybele michelli Reed, 1914.
Trilobites of Girvan, 1914, p. 42, pi. 7, fi.;^ 7.

Cephalon transversely semicircular, rather more than twice as hroad
as long, slightly arched forward on each side and in front of the glabella,
convex, bent strongly on each side and produced back to the genal angles;
cheeks swollen, much elevated, subconical, and rising steeply from the an-
terior margin and dorsal furrows; genal angles blunt; upper edge of the
rostral shield ajipearing on the upper surface of the cephalon and form-
ing a preglabellar border ; glabella subclavate. expanding slightly in front
of the anterior lateral furrows, convex, rovuided, swollen, nearly touching
the front border, and encircled in front by a rostral suture, with no dis-
tinct preglabellar band; three pairs of lateral glabellar furrows represented
by short, deep, transverse pits, not connected with the dorsal furrows, set
at equal distances apart and successively increasing in size posteriorly ;
anterior pair located rather in front of the middle of the glabella ; occipital
ring rounded, widest in the middle, marked ofif from the glabella by a fur-
row, strongly arched forward in the middle, with a Ao.Q.'r) pit on each side
similar to, and in line with the lateral pits on the glabella.

Rostral shield with the upper edge rounded, smooth, forming a nar-
row preglabellar marginal border, lying between the connecting sutures,
and in front of the rostral suture, on the upper surface of the cephalon,
about one-third the width of the glabella ; dorsal furrows slightly diverging
anteriorly, with large, rounded, deep pits situated on each side of the
frontal glabellar lobe at the point where they fork, the outer, stronger
branch bending out and contmued into the marginal furrow of the cheek,
the inner, weaker branch continued round the front end of the glabella,
so that they separate the subtriangular, swollen anterior end of the fixed
cheeks ; surface of glabella coarsely, but sparingly tuberculated, and with
a line of three equidistant, specially conspicuous tubercles at the front end
just above the marginal furrow; middle tubercle the smallest, with the large
tubercle on the anterior end of each fixed cheek continuing the line laterally.

Fixed cheeks much swollen, rising suddenly and steeply from the
dorsal furrows, bearing three large tubercles in front of the eye and a
large one at the anterior end, in the angle between the branches of the
dorsal furrows ; posterior wings of the fixed cheeks extended laterally,
narrow from back to front, with smaller and fewer tubercles ; pleuro-
occipital ring narrow, rounded, not tuberculate, marked off by a deep fur-
row; facial sutures with posterior branch nearly parallel to the posterior
margin of the cheek, cutting the outer margin a short distance in front
of the genal angles ; anterior branches running forward from the eve and
slightly converging as far as the pits in the dorsal furrows, in front of
which they curve sharply inward, bending round and uniting in front of
the glabella to form the rostral suture ; two short connecting sutures,
directed nearly at right angles to the rostral suture, and cutting the an-
terior edge of the cephalon about one-third the width of the glabella apart,
with the rostral shield between them.

Free cheeks large, triangular, with the inner portion swollen and
steeply rising from the marginal furrow, coarsely tuberculated on the
upper, anterior portion ; eyes far back, opposite two lateral glabellar fur-
rows and about a quarter the width of the cheek from the side of the gla-

140 San Diego Society of Natural History

bella, prominent, placed a little on the outer slope of the subconical cheeks ;
border of the free cheeks broad, elevated, somewhat flattened, with an inner
row of 7-9 large, equidistant tubercles and a less regular outer row of
more numerous, but smaller ones ; anterior process embracing the outer
one-third of the front of the glabella ; marginal furrow rather weak.

Thorax of thirteen segments ; axis convex, cylindrical, slowly taper-
ing, with swollen, latei'al lobes on each ring and deep pits in the dorsal
furrows between them ; pleaurae horizontal and straight as far out as the
fulcrum, then bent gently downward and backward, composed of a broad,
anterior, depressed band, somewhat flattened and widening toward the
pleural extremity, a narrower posterior depressed band, and a broad,
strongly raised, rounded, slightly diagonal median ridge ; ends of the pleurae
not preserved; surface of the thorax finely tuberculated with one or two
large, isolated tubercles on the median ridge of each pleura.

Pygidium subquadrate, narrowing slightly posteriorly, with the pleurae
of the lateral lobes ending in short, free points at the same level along
the straight, posterior margin ; axis about one-third the width of the
pygidium, broad, subcylindrical, very slightly tapering, composed of four
rings at the anterior end corresponding to the four pleurae, followed by
ten to twelve rather narrower rings, all incomplete in the middle ; a short,
pointed piece behind the end of the axis separating the extremities of four
pairs of pleurae ; pleurae four on each side corresponding to the anterior
axis rings, lying in nearly the same plane and successively less strongly
arched outward ; the four pairs nearly straight and lying closely pressed
against the axis ; each pleura with a diagonal furrow, less than its length,
cutting ofif a narrow anterior band ; extremities of the pleurae short, free,
slightly bent outward, ending at the same level posteriorly; one or two
tubercles present along each pleura.

Balclatchie Group, Ardmillan and Dow Hill, (Upper Ordovician) ).

The peculiar position of the rostral suture and shield in this species as
described above is also met with in Cybclc affinis Schmidt. Apart from
this one feature, the other characters of the cephalon bear a considerable
mutual resemblance to C. zvortlii and C. kutorgac, which are closely allied,
but the Girvan form is undoubtedly distinct.

Cybele mira Billings, 1865.
Palaeozoic Foss. Canada, Vol. 1, p. 292, fig. 282.

Cryptonymus (Atractopyge) minis Vogdes, Monog. Zethns, etc., p. 34.

Encrinuriis mirus Narraway & Raymond, Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol 3,
p. 597.

Cybele mirus Clarke. 1894. Geol. Minnesota, p. 743, (Middle Ordo-
vician, Trenton).

Description drawn from a detached head and tail from Table Head
and Pistolet Bay, etc., Newfoundland. The pygidium only, as the head
belongs to the genus Amphion.

Pygidium elongate, conical, convex ; axis twelve to fourteen distinctly
defined joints; pleurae double, consisting of four pairs of narrow pleurae;
the last pair commencing about midway of the axis and extending back-
ward parallel, or converging toward the rear margin ; four principal pleurae
terminating in short spines.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 141

The tail should he compared with C. verrucosa, from which it differs
hy a less number of axial joints, but it may be a young" specimen.

This species was referred to Cybeloidcs by Bassler, Bibliography of
Silurian Fossils of N. America.

Cybele ovata Etheridge, 1876.
Mem. Geol. Sur. Lake Distr., 1876, p. 112.

Cvhclc ovata Postlethwaite & Goodchild, Geol. Assoc, Vol. 9, 1886,
pp. 464-465, pi. 8, fig. 17, 19.

Body broadly ovate or obtusely tapering towards the pygidium.

Cephalon semicircular ; genal angles with short spines ; glabella ex-
panding slightly towards the front, which is well rounded, with the upper,
middle and lower basal furrows well developed ; cheeks ornamented with
lateral ridges and furrows in a line with the lobes and furrows of the
glabella ; eyes distinct.

Thorax with twelve segments ; axis narrow and appearing to have
been tuberculated ; pleurae double the width of the axis, nearly fiat, bent
downward from the seventh segment, the ends free and bluntly pointd;
anterior seven pleurae curving upward ; the whole surface minutely tu-
berculated.

Pygidium with a narrow axis and four pairs of pleurae, the pleurae
much curved downward, parallel to the axis, the lower pair meeting beneath
the mucro.

This form differs essentially from the two known forms, C. nigosa
and C. verrucosa, species not at present known below the Caradoc rocks.

Skiddaw Slates, Sandy Beck, three miles south of Cackermouth.
(Lower Ordovician.)

Postlethwaite, pi. 8, fig. 19, published for the first time a figure of
Etheridge's original Cybele ovata.

None of the specimens give any trace of the facial suture and Postleth-
waite remarks : "So that the precise affinities of both fossils (fig. 17 and 19)
have to be inferred from other less reliable data. The form of the glabella
in No. 17 cannot be made out with certainty, as the fossil has been some-
what distorted ; but for that consideration, there is much about the aspect
of the fossil under consideration that might have suggested its affinitv to
Oleniis."

Cybeloides primus (Raymond, 1905).

GlapJuirus primus Ravmond, Ann. Carnegie ]\Ius.. Vol. 3, 1905,

p. 262, pi. 14, fig. 7-9.

Cybele valcourensis Raymond, Ann. Carnegie Mus., p. 262.

Cvbeloides primus Slocum, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Geol., Vol. 4, 1913,
p. 64. '

Only the glabella and free cheeks known.

Cephalon short, broad, with wide glabella outlined by a narrow, but
deep furrow ; glabella moderately convex, having a central lobe which ex-
pands towards the front, and two small side lobes ; this appearance is caused
bv three pairs of glabellar furrows, all of which are short and turn back-

142 San Diego Society of Natural History

ward; the second pair runs back into the third and the third pair joins the
occipital furrow ; surface spinose ; fixed cheeks very convex ; eyes small,
prominent; a convex spinose border separated from the cheek by a narrow
furrow; a large spine at the genal angle; surface of the cheek pitted all
over except just below, and a little in front of the eye, where there is a
group of small spines.

Chazy Group at Valcour, New York. (Lower Ordovician.)

Cybele panderi Schmidt, nom. nov.
Rev. 6, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1907, p. 19.

Dr. Schmidt gave this new name to the species described as Cybele
hellatula, Rev. 1, p. 203, pi. 13, fig. 9-13 ; pi. 15, fig. 1-5. He includes under
it Zcihiis verrucosus Pander, pi. 4, fig. 4; pi. 5. fig. 5, and Volborth, Verb.
Miner. Ges., 1847, p. 8, pi. 1, fig. 5-7, and Eichwald, Leth. Ross. p. 1417,
1860.

B/3a, B/3b, C/la. (Middle Ordovician.)

Cybele rex (Xieszkowski, 1857).

Archiv. fur Naturk. Est. Liv. und Kurl., Ser. 1, Vol. 1, p. 614,

pi. 1, fig. 3.

Zethus rex Nieszkowski, 1857, 1. c.

Zethus rex Schmidt, Archiv. fiir Naturk., etc.. Vol. 2, p. 190, (ex
parte).

Cryptonymiis rex Eichwald, 1860, Leth. Ross. Anc. Per., p. 1419.

Cybele rex Schmidt, 1881, Mem. Acad. Imp. des Sci., Ser. 7, Vol. 30,
p. 209, pi. 13, fig. 21-23; pi. 14, fig. 3, 4; pi. 15, fig. 8, 9.

Cryptonymiis (Cybele) rex Vogdes, 1878, Monog. Genera Zethus;
etc., p. 30.

Description from a head from Wesenberg, Wannamois, Russia.

Head semilunar ; genal angles with short spines ; glabella wide in front,
narrowing towards the base, convex in the center, and having on each of
its slopes, on both sides, three deep oval notches which are combined with
the dorsal grooves ; four pairs of smooth tubercles on the glabella, in two
lines converging towards each other posteriorly ; limb of the glabella with
five short, equidistant spines in front, giving a crown to the glabella from
which it takes its name; limb wide and thick, its surface bearing large tu-
bercles running in irregular lines ; facial suture running as is usual in this
family, and having a row of small tubercles on each side of the line ;
cheeks striated, convex, as is the glabella ; eyes situated on the anterior
portion of the cheeks, elevated, pedunculatd, small and club-shaped; oc-
cipital ring wide, with four tubercles.

Pygidium with four pleaurae ; axis convex, with sixteen or seven-
teen joints, the first three or four extending across, the others notched at
the sides, (Schmidt).

Prussian, ]\Iacklenburg, Estland. C/lb, C.3. (Middle Ordovician).

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 143

Cybele revaliensis Schmidt, 1881.

Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci., Ser. 7, Vol. 30, p. 207, pi. 13, fig. 20; pi. 14,
fig.6;pl. 15, fig.6, 7;pl. 16, fig. 40.

Zcthiis sp. Steinhardt, Preuss. Geschieben gefundenen Trilob., p. 53,
pi. 5, fig. 8.

Head crescent shaped, 2y2 times as wide as long, with broad, rounded
genal angles ; dorsal grooves rather shallow at first, running in a vertical
direction, then curving and joining the perfectly flat marginal limb furrow;
frontal groove also entirely fiat with scarcely deepened ends, running at a
sharp angle to the dorsal groove, and surrounding the glabella in a gentle
curve which separates it from the frontal rim ; glabella flatly convex, al-
most rectangular, about one and a half times as long as broad, having a
bow shaped rim so shaped that the frontal lobe has an oval form; side
lobes not well developed, therefore the lateral furrows appear as lateral
depressions of the glabella and do not reach the dorsal grooves ; anterior
furrow strongly marked at the front, the others only slightly ; a fourth de-
pression, which terminates in the dorsal groove and continues in the neck
furrow, on both sides of the neck ring, parallel to the posterior rim on
each side; in front of the first side furrow, and on a line with it, a plainly
marked depression in the dorsal groove (the end groove) ; a plainly rounded
tubercle at the point where the frontal groove branches ofif over this
groove, in the angle between the dorsal and frontal grooves, and at both
ends of the frontal lobe ; frontal rim also exhibiting tubercles, five in num-
ber, which, however, are only faintly indicated ; surface of the glabella
generally perfectly smooth, but four pairs of tubercles can be distinguished
in perfectly preserved specimens.

Cheeks very broad, twice as broad as the glabella, drooping sideways ;
faint depressions close together on the surface, as in other species, but no
tubercles, or only very faint ones on the limb; eyes very far back, a dis-
tinctive characteristic of the species, and opposite the third side lateral fur-
row of the glabella; facial suture extending from the first lateral furrow
of the glabella, at an acute angle, towards the eye, the posterior branch
running parallel to the posterior margin of the head ; viewed from the
front, the front rim of the head shield forming a simple bow on each side,
without an excrescence as in Cybclc hcllatula, in place of which the straight
frontal edge of the glabella appears with the broad snout section, which is
immediately beneath it; rim with fine tubercles and notched.

Pygidium, pi. 14, fig. 6; pi. 15, fig. 7; pi. 16, fig. 40, only partially
preserved in our specimens, necessitating a reconstruction out of several
fragments, broadly triangular, apparently broader than long, the side sec-
tions drooping less markedly than in the foregoing species ; pleurae four,
segments of the axis seventeen, only four of which are complete, the others
only slightly indicated in the middle, and there depressed so that two raised
ridges show on the side ; some fine tubercles on the flat middle, placed
singly or in pairs.

Pleurae, as in the preceding species, consisting of a main and a sec-
ondary rib, only the first extending to the rim and covered with faint tu-
bercles in a row, (pi. 16, fig. 40) ; pleaurae ending towards the outer edge
in short, exposed points, (pi. 15, fig. 7) forming a curve drawn forward;

144 San Diego Society of Natural History

extending from the axis, a short projection, tending downward and notched
on top, pushed between the bases of the two outside points.
Estland, C/lb. (Middle Ordovician).

Cybele sextuberculata Reed, 1899.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 55, 1899, p. 752, pi. 49, fig. 8.

Described from a slightly distorted head shield.

Glabella strongly convex and club shaped, anterior one-third, forming
the frontal lobe, expanding suddenly to about double the width of the
neck; three pairs of small, deep, equidistant pits indicating the sides of the
narrow, neck-like part of the glabella and a pair of similar pits at the end
of the faint occipital groove ; front pair just behind the point where the
glabella widens into the frontal line ; three pairs of large, equidistant tu-
bercles along the glabella, the anterior pair being on the frontal lobe ; four
or five similar, conical tubercles projecting forward along the front edge
of the glabella ; surface finely granulated ; axial furrows wide and deep ;
fixed cheeks about twice as wide as the glabella at its base, strongly convex,
bending downward and backward towards the genal angle ; a distinct ridge
running outward close to the anterior edge of the fixed cheek, from the
base of the frontal lobe of the glabella to the eye ; two large tubercles in
front of this ridge and two similar tubercles in a line behind it, parallel
with the axial furrow ; another smaller one lying nearer the genal angle ;
surface finely granulated ; neck furrow broad, though shallow, neck seg-
ment narrow, rounded and tuberculated.

Affinities : — The club-shaped glabella and short, pit-like furrows re-
semble Cybele hrevicanda Angelin, but the eye ridges and sparse tubercles
on the glabella, with the large, anterior marginal tubrcles, recall Cybele
coronata Schmidt, and C. rex Nieszkowski.

Length of cephalon 5, width 10 mm.

Tramore Limestone Series, Newtown Grove, County Waterford,
Ireland. (Bala).

Cybele rugosa (Portlock, 1843).

Rep. Londonderry, etc., p. 302, pi. 5, fig. 10, as Ogygia rugosa.

Cybele rugosa McCoy, Brit. Palaeozoic Rocks, pi. 16, fig. 8.

Cvbele rugosa Salter, Appendix, Brit. Palaeoz. Rocks and Foss. p.
Ill, pL IG, fig. 8.

The author illustrates a fragment of a tail. The original description
is a follows :

"The axis lobe is divided into a great number of very thin (ring-
like) segments. The sides appear to be entire, though strengthened by
narrow ribs with thickened ends, all inclining backward ; the surface be-
tween the ribs is roughened with irregular dots, giving the whole a rugose
appearance."

Salter, 1. c. gives the following description of Cybele rugosa Portl. :

"Caudal shield long, triangular ; axis equal to the deflected side lobes,
with about twenty-eight rings, effaced down the middle, which is occupied
by a broad, smooth band ; in the upper three-fourths these rings at inter-

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 145

vals become stronger and more prominent, but there are no tubercles down
the center hne; side lobes more prominent at first than the axis, but to-
wards the end of the tail strongly bent down ; lateral ribs five, directed
longitudinally, each with three or four tubercles ; an intermediate rib and
rugose surface between the upper ones ; the last two or three from each
side uniting beyond the axis in a 4-5 spined point, etc. Coniston Lime-
stone."

The species referred to Cybele rugosa (Portl.) by Nicholson &
Etheridge, Monog. Sil. Foss. Girvan Dist., p. 112, pi. 14, f. 13; pi. 8,
fig. 5-7, has been referred by Reed to C. loveni.

Lower Portion Ordovician Schist, Deserterat, Tyrone, Ireland. Lower
Llandovery. (Upper Ordovician).

Cybele spicata Raymond, 1921.
Geol. Sur. Canada, Mus. Bull. No. 31, 1921.

Known only so far from an imperfect cranidium.

Glabella moderately convex, outline concave at the sides, expanded in
front : sides indented by three pairs of short, but deep glabellar furrows,
which have the form of transverse pits connected by shallow depressions
with the dorsal furrow, with their ends running as shallow furrows into
the more convex median portion of the glabella; a narrow furrow at the
anterior margin of the g'labella in front of which rise five large spines;
a row of pairs of sharply conical pustules along the top of the glabella ;
fixed cheeks wide and not extending far forward ; eyes located on a small
mound and rather far back for the genus ; genal angles rounded ? perhaps
spinous.

The species is exceedingly like Cyhclc coronata, with its five short
spines on the frontal margin.

Collingwood Limestone, Craigleith, Ontario. (Ordovician.)

Cybele tramorensis Reed, 1895.
Geol. Mag., Vol. 2, p. 48, pi. 7, fig. 1.

Cybele tramorensis Reed, 1899, Ouart. Jour. Geol. Soc, Vol. 55.
p. 750, pi. 4.

Description from a spatulate-fronted head.

Head semicircular, twice as long as wide; glabella oblong, slightly
elevated above the cheeks ; side furrows three, the anterior furrow merely
an elongated deep pit, therefor the frontal lobe is marked ofT by this pair of
isolated pits ; middle side furrow obliquely set at an angle of about seventy
degrees ; third furrow parallel to, and as deep as the second at its inner
end, but it does not decrease in depth to the same extent in its outer por-
tion ; dorsal grooves shallow, in front of the first lobe practically non-
existent, as the ocular ridge and terminal pit lie across their forward
course ; anterior end of the glabella steep and abruptly truncated, separated
from the peculiar anterior margin by a faint depression; middle portion of
the anterior margin projecting one-third the length of the glabella as a
median, fiat, spatulate process, transversed by five flattened ridges sepa-
rated by faint grooves, fan shaped ; a rounded ridge slightly in front of the

146 San Diego Society of Natural History

anterior, outer angles of the frontal lobe of the glabella lainning forward
and slightly outward to become a prominent tubercle projecting beyond
the margin, corresponding to the side tubercles of Cybelc coronafa Schmidt ;
a deep circular pit in the anterior end of the dorsal groove close beneath
the posterior outer slope of the ridge leading up to the side tubercles ; an
ocular ridge running outward to the eyes at right angles to the axis of the
glabella, and opposite the first side furrow, having a row of minute pits
close to the base at each side and bearing two large tubercles.

Eyes small, nearly equal to the width of the frontal lobe of the gla-
bella ; principal portion of the cheek lying behind the ocular ridge ; genai
angles bluntly pointed; surface with a few (2-3) large tubercles.

The specimen described in the Geological Magazine was from an im-
perfect head shield ; another specimen from the Dublin Museum described
in the second paper shows that the posterior outer portion of the fixed
cheek is much produced laterally, and the posterior border of the cheek
curves steadily backward to the genal angle, which is bent downward and
produced into a rounded spine.

The eye ridge runs at a right angle to the axial furrow, from the
level of the anterior glabellar furrow to the base of the long, stalk-like
eye lobe, which is located at a distance from the axial furrow about equal
to the width of the glabella, and directed forward, outward and upward.
There are three large tubercles on the fixed cheek.

Bala Group, County Waterford, Ireland. (Upper Ordovician).

Cybele verrucosa (Dalman, 1826).

Head of a Trilobite, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat. Crust. Foss.,

p. 145, pi. 4, fig. 11.

Trilobitcs velatus Schlotheim, 1823, Nachtr. Petrifac. 11, p. 40,

pi. 22, fig. 5.
Calymcnc? verrucosa Dalman, 1826, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl.,

p. 285.
Calymcnc verrucosa Dalman, 1828, Palaed., p. 76.

Dalman, 1828, Vet. Akad. Arsb., p. 134,

note 2.

Ferussac, 1829, Bull. Sci. Nat., Vol. 19, p. 128.

Calymene hcUatula Eichwald, 1840, Sil. Schicht, Estl., p. 66.

Cybele verrucosa Loven, 1845, Ofv. K. Svensk. Akad. Forhandl.,
No. 4, p. Ill, pi. 1. fig. 5a-f.

Trilobitcs {Calymcnc) verrucosus Loven, 1845, 1. c. No. 3. p. 52.

Cybele verrucosa Corda, 1847, Prodrom., p. 205, pi. 5, fig. 52a-d.

Salter, 1848, Mem. Geol. Surv. Great Brit., Vol 2,
p. 343.

Cybele scxcostata Salter, 1848, Mem. Geol. Sur., Vol. 2, p. 343, pi.

8, fig. 9 only.
Cryptonymus verrucosus Angelin, 1852, Pal. Scand., p. 4, pi. 5, fig. 1.
Zethiis atractopygc McCoy, 1855, Brit. Pal. Foss., p. 156, pi. IG,

fig. 1-5.

ORi'ovrciAN Genus CvnFi.E Loven 147

Cybcic verrucosa l\oi'(mann, 1857-8, Verhandl. Russ Min. Ges.. ]).
32, pi. 3, fig. 3a-c. Copy of Volbroth's figure which
Schmidt referred to C. pandcri.

Hoffman, 1858, 1. c. fig. 4, referred to C. hcllatula.

Salter & Woodward, 1865, Chart. Foss. Crust.,
p. 12, fig. 48.

Linnarsson. 1866, Om. Sil. P.ild. Mellersta West-
gothland, 1866, p. 18.

Salter, 1867, in Murchison's Siluria, 4th Ed., p.
206, Foss. 48, fig. 2.

Salter, 1873, Cat. Camb. Sil. Foss., p. 51, fig. En-
tire with twelve thorax segments.
Nicholson & Etheridge, 1878, Mon. Sil. Foss. Gir-
van Distr., p. 111.

Cryptonynius (Atractopygc) z'crritcosiis Vogdes, 1878, Monog. Gen.
Zethus, Cybele, etc., p. 32, pi. 4.

Cybele verrucosa La Touche, 1884, Hanb. Shropshire, pi. 3, fig. 60.

Reed, 1906, Tril. Girvan Distr., Palaeont. Soc.
p. 129.

The species would be difficult to recognize were it not for Loven'?
accurate figures, which he took from a North Wales specimen. Th^y are
copied by Corda. The type of Dalman's species was the specimen figured
by Brongniart from a drawing by Mr. Stokes of a Llandeilo specimen.

Species very large with the head more than three inches wide ; eyes
small and pedicled, located almost half way between the glabella and the
anterior lateral margin ; and nearly opposite the frontal furrow ; genal
angles obtusely spined ; limb broad, with between the glabella and the
sutures commencing on the outer margin of the head, just above the genal
angles, running in a straight line to the eyes, thence to the anterior margin
over the limb to the rostral shield ; glabella clavate, marked by three lateral
furrows, the frontal lobe broad ; surface ornamented with tubercles.

Thorax with twelve segments, all the pleurae of equal length, and
terminating in spines ; ornamented with a central row of tubercles ; axis
with four tubercles on each ring.

Pygidium rectangular, ornamented with two lateral rows of tubercles ;
axial rings twenty, the first four extending across, the others notched at
the sides ; pleaurae four, with a central row of large tubercles, of equal
length and extending just beyond the axial point.

Cybele verrucosa is a common fossil of the Ordovician of England and
Sweden.

Ruedemann, Bull. N. Y. State Mus., No. 49, p. 67, makes Zethus
atractopyge McCoy, sexcostatus and rugosus synonyms of Cybele verru-
cosa.

McCoy, British Palaeozoic Fossils, p. 157, remarks: "In placing
Zethus atractopyge, which is the Cybele verrucosa of Loven, in the genus
Zethus, I have been obliged to propose a new specific name for it, as it is
not the Zethus verrucosus of Pander, and as I cannot agree with Volborth
in referring it to the Zethus bellatula of Dalman."

148 San Diego Society of Natural History

On p. 156. in describing the genus Zethiis, McCoy remarks: "I follow
Dr. Volborth in referring Cybele of Loven to Zethus of Pander, and,
after a most careful consideration of the different species, I find so imper-
ceptible a gradation in the structure of the pygidium from Atractopyge, in
which the four upper anal segments are prolonged into the side lobes and
deflected close along the axis (believing with Loven that those are really
pygidial segments), to those in which two or three more lateral ribs are
added, that I also feel satsified that Atractopyge of Hawle and Corda
should be added to Zethus."

For this reason McCoy used the generic name of those authors to
designate the species {Zethus atractopyge Corda).

Range : Westergotland, Div. 4, Trinucleus Shale ; North Wales, Bala ;
Girvan District, Llandeilo.

Salter, Mem. Geol. Sur. United Kingdom. Decade 7. pi. 4, p. 4. re-
marks : "We first described Cyhclle sexcostata in 1848 in the work above
referred to, under the same name. In those figures there was associated
with the tail, but only provisionally, a coarsely tuberculated head, (pi. 8,
fig. 9,) which occurred so frequently in company with it, that the two might
reasonably be supposed to belong to each other. The figure we now give
justifies the caution there expressed, for it is the more clavate form of head,
rarely occurring, which probably belongs to the species, the head figured
in company with it. we are now all but certain, being that of C. (Calymene)
verrucosa Dalman."

Cybele winchelli Clarke, 1894.
Geology of Minnesota, Vol. 3. p. 742, figure in text.

Described from an entire specimen with defaced head from the Galena
IJmestone of Fillmore County. ^Minnesota.

Head transverse, broadly rounded at the sides, somewhat concave on
the frontal margin, which is slightly elevated.

Length 10, width 26 mm.

Genal angles spined. limb prominent.

Thorax subquadrate, tapering, with 12 segments; axis narrow, con-
vex, one-fourth the width of the thorax ; segments slender, distinctly
grooved for their entire length, or to within a short distance of their ends ;
first five obtusely rounded at their ends, the last seven acute ; the sixth
greatly expanded at the line of geniculation, and each extremity is produced
as a stout spine considerably beyond the end of the tail ; the last six seg-
ments are like the first five in that they curve more abruptly backward
with spinose terminations.

Pygidium short, narrowing in from the articulating ring of the axis
very markedly to its pointed termination; axis with one entire joint and
eight or nine notched at the sides ; the acute end of the axis not reaching
the end of the tail ; pleurae four or five ; the second, third, fourth and fifth
pleurae ending in acute, free points which are directed outward.

Surface finely tuberculated ; free cheeks slightly punctate or pitted.

Referred by Slocum to the new genus Cybeloides.

Middle Ordovician.

Ordovician Genus Cybele Loven 149

Cybele worthi ( Eichwald, 1840).
Schichtensystem von Estland, 1840.

Cryptonymus worthi Eichwald, 1840, Sil. Syst. Estl., p. 70.

Cryptonymiis ivorthi Eichwald, Leth. Ross., p. 1416, pi. 54, fig. 7,
Bala.

Zcthus hcUatula Volbor. Verh. Min. Ges. Jahrg., 1848, p. 10, pi. 1,
fig. 1-4.

Cybele zvorthi Schmidt, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci., Vol. 30, p. 214, pi. 13,
fig. 14-17.

Cybele worthi Vogdes, 1878, Monog. Gen. Zethus, Cybele, etc., p. 33.

Cybele cf. zvorthi Wigan, 1888, Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., p. 90,
pi. 10, fig. 18.

A very slender species, not longer than one and a half inches.

The difference between Cybele worthi and C. bellatula consists in the
termination of the facial suture and the location of the eye knobs. These
latter are placed more to the front in C. bellatula, and opposite the first side
lobe of the glabella in C. zvorthi, the glabella being flat, with faint side fur-
rows. In C. worthi the facial suture terminates nearly parallel with the
posterior margin of the head, as the eye knobs are placed nearer to this
than to the anterior margin. In C. bellatula the eyes are located more to
the front on both sides of the frontal lobe of the glabella, therefore the
facial sutures run in an oblique line to the front from the genal angles.
The lateral furrows of the glabella are distinct in C. bellatula, but in C.
zvorthi indistinct, the eyes being placed opposite the middle glabellar furrow.

The thorax has twelve segments.

The pygidium is oval, with sixteen axial joints extending across the
axis, which ends in a point. There are four pleurae, the last pair enclos-
ing the end of the axis. The center of each pleura is marked with a tu-
bercle.

Pawlowsk, Russia, etc., B/3b. C/la. ,

Petersburg & Estland; Mecklenburg. (Middle Ordovician.)

Cybeloides Slocum, 1913,
Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Geol. Series, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1913.

This new genus was suggested by Arthur W. Slocum, Geological
Series, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1913, p. 63, Field Museum of Natral Histourv, Pub-
lication 171 ; also Geol. Surv. Iowa, Vol. 25, 1914, p. 212, pi. 17, fig. 1-4,
together with Cybeloides iozvensis sp. nov.

Generic description :

Body distinctly trilobate in outline aside from the spines, subovate.

Cephalon sublunate ; genal angles produced into spines, in which the
genus differs from Loven's genus Cybele as exhibited in C. bellatula, as
also in the form of the glabellar furrows ; glabella divided by two longi-
tudinal furrows into a central and two lateral lobes ; lateral glabellar fur-
rows indicated by three pits situated in each longitudinal furrow ; eyes
small, pedunculate ; facial sutures originating on the lateral margins, some-
what in front of the genal angles.

150 San Diego Society of Natural History

Thorax with twelve segments, the anterior five faceted at their distal
extremities ; the sixth segment abruptly bent backward at the lateral margin
of the thorax and produced into a long spine, and this is true in some cases
of all segments from the sixth to the twelfth.

Pygidium small ; axis conical, with many joints ; pleurae with few ribs.

Range in North America, Ordovician.

The author referred to the genus Cyhcloidcs the following species :
Cyhele ella Nicholson & Raymond, Glaphurns primus Raymond, the
synonym Cyhcle vakourcnsis Raymond, Cyhclc zvinchcUi Clarke, Cyhele
sp. Ruedemann, 1901, and a new species Cyheloides iozvensis.

Slocum remarks that the three European species, C. grczvingki, C.
Kutorgae and C. rcvaliensis exhibit a tendency towards the American
forms.

Cyheloides iowensis Slocum, 1913.

Body depressed, convex, distinctly trilobed in outline aside from the
spines, subovate, tapering rather rapidly to a small pygidum ; surface finely
granular, with many more or less prominent, rounded nodes.

Cephalon short, the width nearly three times the lengeth, outline
sublunate, with the anterior lateral margins inflated ; glabella convex, in-
flated anteriorly, somewhat longer than wide ; median lobe clavate, narrow
at the occipital furrow, gradually widening for about half its length, then
abruptly widening to its greatest width, rounded in front ; lateral lobes
longitudinally oval ; longitudinal glabellar furrows originating in deep
pits on the occipital furrow, converging" slightly, then curving forward and
outward ; position of the lateral furrows indicated by three pits in the
longitudinal furrows ; occipital ring prominent and more elevated than any
other part of the caphalon, wide between the glabellar furrows, abruptly
narrowing towards the dorsal furrows, bearing a median node with a
smaller one on each side of it; occipital furrow shallow and ill-defined in
the median portion, deepened into pits in the dorsal furrows.

Ornamentation of the glabella finely granular, with many rounded tu-
bercles arranged in more ov less uniform transverse rows; the largest two
nodes close together near the anterior margin and pointing forward ; a
well marked circular pit on the median line of the glabella just in front of
a line connecting the anterior pair of glabellar pits.

Cheeks large, depressed, convex, not rising as high as the glabella ;
genal angles produced into long spines which extend backward more than
half the length of the thorax ; marginal borders convex, posterior marginal
furrows narrow and deep ; lateral marginal furrows not well defined.

Posterior end of the facial suture originating on the lateral margin,
just in front of the genal angles, passing almost straight to the palpebral
lobes, after crossing which, the anterior portion extends forward for a
short distance, then curves tbruptly towards the median line and again
forward to the anterior margin.

Eyes small, pedunculate, situated on a line with the anterior pair
of glabellar pits near the dorsal furrows ; a pair of ocular fillets connecting
the eyes with the anterior lobe of the glabella; cheeks inside the marginal
border reticulated or covered with a row of pits ; surface of the marginal
borders granular like the glabella ; many tubercles irregularly distributed
over the cheeks, these nodes averaging sometimes larger than those on the

Ordoviciax Genus Cybele Loven 151

glabella, the larger ones being on the posterior margin and pointing back-
ward.

Thorax with twelve segments, rather rapidly tapering posteriorly,
distinctly trilobed ; axis convex, less than one-third the width of the thorax ;
pleurae curving gently for about one-half their length, then more rapidly
to the lateral margin ; each pleura divided unequall\' b>' a furrow extending
nearlv from the dorsal furrows to the ends ; posterior portion wide and
bearing numerous tubercles ; axis with four tubercles and each pleura
with two or more which are much larger than those on the axis ; five an-
terior segments of the thorax short, the seven posterior segments abruptly
bent backward and produced into spines, the spines of the six segments
extending more than one-third their length beyond the pygidium, the spines
of the other segments being considerably shorter.

Pygidium small ; length along the axis 23.6 mm.

Lower Maquoketa Beds at Elgin, Iowa.

Inasmuch as such Palaeontologists as Loven. Salter, Nieszkowski,
.Schmidt, Linnarsson. Tornquist, Clarke and Reed have placed under
Cyhele species with the genal angles extended into spines and the lateral
furrows of the glabella with pits or depressions near the dorsal furrows,
features indicated in the new genus Cybcloidcs, I cannot see any valid
reason for retaining the genus.

Doubtful Forms Which Have Been Referred To Other Species.

Zethus verrucosus Pander, 1830.

Beitrage zur Geognosis des Russischen Reiches. 1830, p. 140, pi. 5.

fig. 6 ; pi. 4C, fig. 4.

Cybcle hcUatiila Schmidt, 1881, Rev. 2, Ostb. Sil. Tril., p. 203.

Zethus verrucosus Volborth, 1847, Verhandl, Min. Ges. Jahr., p. 8,
pi. fig. 5-7.

Zethus verrucosus Pander, Eichwald, Ueber die Gattungen Cryptony-
nius und Zethus, 1855, p. 13.

Zethus verrucosus Portlock, 1843, Rep. Geol. Londonderry, p. 287.

Pander gives the following description of this species :

Zethus verrucosus, pi. 5, fig. 5 ; pi. 4C, fig. 4.

Unfortunately we possess only a fragment of this species and it is
very probable that it belongs to Entomostracus punctatus Wahlenberg,
(Calyinene punctatus Dalman) but we observe from the few, though dis-
turbed and fractured thoracic parts that still adhere to our fragment, that
the sections, as well as the cephalon, are covered with small, raised tubercles
lying in one row, whereas those of Calymene punctata appear entirely
smooth. The cephalon. as we see, is divided by the prolongation of the
dorsal furrows (back furrows), which run nearly parallel to the outer
margin. There are transverse folds (lobes) on the glabella (middle head),
as well as on Amphion frontiloba, but there is no trace of eye knobs. The
surface of the cephalon is covered with tubercles. The side sections of
the trunk are split by a fold, as in Calymene... We possess no pygidium
and therefore are una1:)le to determine definitely whether this species really
belongs to the genus Zethus.

152 San Diego Society of Natural History

Dr. Schmidt,, Rev. 6, Ostb. Sil. Tril., 1907, p. 19, describes Cyhele
pandcri sp. nov., and includes Cryptonymus paralleliis Eichwald, a species
which Volborth also placed under Zethus verrucosus.

Dr. Eichwald, 1855, p. 13, remarks on this statement of Volborth,
"Dr. Volborth had no right to take Cryptonymus parallclus for Zethus
verrucosus Pander, and attribute eyes and eye knobs and also a facial
suture to the latter, notwithstanding that, in his work on the genus, Dr.
Pander describes Zethus without eye knobs and its cheeks without
furrows."

Cryptonymus parallelus Eichwald, 1840.

Schichtensystem von Estland, 1840, p. 73.

Zethus verrucosus Pander, Volborth, Verhandl. der Alin. Ges., 1848,
p. 8, pi. 1, fig. 5-7.

Cryptonymus parallelus Eichwald, Uber die Gattungen Cryptonymus
und Zethus, 1855, p. 13.

Cryptonymus parallelus Eichwald, Lethaea Rossica, 1860, p. 1417.

Cephalon semicircular, large and flat; anterior lobe of the glabella not
broader than long, provided on each side with three complete oblique fur-
rows ; anterior border of the head prolonged into a pointed projection with
an additional point on each side ; facial suture commencing at the genal
angle, passing to the eye knob, which is situated almost on the anterior
border of the head, then diverging parallel to the lateral border of its sides.

Thorax with the pleura of the sixth segment prolonged into a long
point.

Pygidium ornamented with five pairs of pleurae running parallel to
each other and almost of equal length.

Orthoceralites de Poulkowa and rare at Erras.

Schmidt, Rev. 1, 1881, united C. parallelus to C. hellatula; in Rev. 6,
1907, he made a new species for Volborth's figures 1-7, pi. 1, Cyhele
panderi, and included Eichwald's species.

Trilobitcs vclatus Schlotheim, 1823.

Nachtr. Ill, 1823, pp. 40 and 86, pi. 22, fig. 5, pygidium.

Asaphus velatus Holl, Petref, p. 175.

Trilobites velattis Dalman, Palaead., p. 288, German Ed. p. 76.

Trilobites velatus Loven, K. Sv. Vetensk. Akad., 1845, p. 11.

Zethus verrucosus Pander, Volborth, Verhandl. Min. Ges., 1848, p. 8.

The species was referred to Cyhele panderi Schmidt, 1907, p. 19.

Cybele valcourensis Raymond, 1905.
Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 362, pi. 14, fig| 4.

Pygidium narrow, tapering almost to a point; axis narrow but dis-
tinct, not extending to the posterior end ; axial rings sixteen to eighteen,
only the first complete, the others showing only on the sides ; four to five
pairs of nodes located along the top of the axis at equal intervals along
its length ; a single median protuberance at the posterior end of the axis ;
four pairs of duplicated pleurae on the lateral lobes bending backward

Ordovician Genus Cyuele Loven 153

almost parallel with the axis, each pleura consisting of a smaller anterior
and larger posterior portion ; pleurae ending in short, rounded spines
which extend a very short distance behind the border, and if broken, giving
the appearance of an entire margin ; a small node on each rib near the axis.
The species was referred by Slocum to Cybeloidcs as a snynonym of
C. primus.

Cybele sp. Ruedemann, 1901.
Bull. N. Y. State Mus., No. 49, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 12.

Pygidium axis long, conical, its annulations indicated only along the
margin in the anterior part, suppressed in the middle part where the orna-
mentation consist of two pairs of tubercles, and extending entirely across
the axis posteriorly ; pleurae five pairs which leave the axis nearly at a
right angle, but gradually become deflected to a direction parallel with the
axis ; a few tubercles on these pleurae.

Gray limestone pebbles of Rysedorph Hill Group.

This pygidium differs from C. zvinchcUi in not having the pleurae
deflected abruptly and in the tuberculation and the character of the annula-
tions on the axis. Dift'ers from Cyvclc mira in its tapering axis.

Both these Trenton forms, especially the latter, may prove to be
identical with Reudemann's species.

A specimen belonging to the writer differs in no essential features
from the pygidia figured by McCoy as Zethiis atractopygc, sexcostatus
and rugosus, which names are synonyms of Cybele verrucosa.

154 San Diego Society of Natural History

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Plate L

Fig. L Cybele bellatula.

" 2. Cybele revaliensis, (after Schmidt, Rev. 1, pi. XIII, fig. 20a.)

" 3. Cybele coronata, (after Schmidt, 1. c, pi. XIII, fig. 24 a.)

" 4. Cvbele mchenrvi, (after Reed, Ouart. Jour. Geo. Soc, 1899, pi.
'XLIX, fig. 7.)

" 5. Cybele tramorensis, (after Reed, \. c, pi. XLIX, fig. 6.)

" 5a. Cybele tramorensis, (after Reed. Geol. Mag., 1895, pi. Ill, fig. 1.)

6. Cvbele sextuberculata, (after Reed, Ouart. Jour. Geo. Soc, 1899,

'pi. XLIX. fig. 8.)

7. Cvbele bellatula, (after Volborth, Verhandl. Russ. K. Min. Ges.,

'1847, pi. 1, fig. 5.)

8. Cvbele aspera, (after Linnarsson, K. Vet. Akad. Handlingar,

'VIII, pi. 1, fig. 11.)

" 9. Cybele vigilans, (after Hall, Pal. N. Y., Vol. 1, 1847, pi. LXV,
figs. 2a, b, c, e, f, g, h.)

10. Cybele aspera, (after Linnarsson. 1. c, pi. 1, fig. 12.)

11. Cybele aspera, (after Linnarsson, 1. c, pi. 1. fig. 13.) '
" 12. Cybele grewingki, (after Schmidt, 1, c, pi. XIV, fig. 1 b.)

Plate II.

Fig. 1. Cybele verrucosa, (after Angelin, Pal. Scand., pi. V.)

" 2. Cvbele bellatula, hvpostoma, (after Lindstrom, Visual Org. Tril.,
'pl.4, fig.2.)

3. Cvbele loveni, (after Linnarsson, K. Vet. Akad. Handlingar,
'VIII, pi. 1, fig. 14.)

" 4. Cvbele verrucosa.

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